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Mäetagused
|
2015
|
vol. 61
161-170
EN
A retrospective look at the work of the folklore section of the Institute of Estonian Language and Literature in 1947–1990 introduces the main directions in the work of the section, its publications, and international cooperation.
EN
Improving the lives of citizens requires modern management architects to implement modern solutions in various areas of social life. Undoubtedly, local government administration, as the closest public authority to man, must be efficiently managed in order to effectively manage others. The influence of international cooperation on the development of states and organizations is as old an issue as international cooperation itself. However, the subject matter discussed in this article is current and important for the area of management sciences, because it treats this as a contemporary development of human resources management in local government administration within similar but different legal and organizational systems functioning in the European Union. Therefore, this article presents the main research problem, which will concern the elements of international cooperation, which are covered by local government administration bodies in the district of Żywiec, affect the management of human resources and their development and what changes are introduced in ZZL of local government administration. The subject matter required conducting research on the basis of the phenomenological trend in order to better understand the processes taking place with the participation of the human factor.
EN
The present-day international relations are developed by states and other non-state actors with the use of some non-standard instruments of diplomacy, including its civil and municipal dimension. Local governments’ foreign activities, across-the-border contacts at the local level, international contacts of social organisations, schools, universities and institutions of culture have constituted a valuable complement of the activities taken by the government in the sphere of foreign policy since the 1990s. The instruments of public diplomacy, including the economic ones, are currently used to achieve aims of the Polish foreign policy and its soft power, contributing to the creation of a positive image of Poland as a reliable partner and a country open for cooperation. Public diplomacy and the support instruments on part of local governments and civil organisations help achieve the main aim, which is a creation of a positive image of Poland and enhancing its international position. Achieving that aim is supported by developing international cooperation, widening social debate on the Polish foreign policy and its substantive and expert background. The cooperation between the Polish central government and Polish local governments developed since 2012 have consisted in practical assistance in creating a foreign cooperation strategy, in supporting international activities of local governments, which constitute an important factor influencing an economic growth, creating an international positions of towns and regions and the development of social contacts. The West-Pomeranian Voivodeship has one of the best potential to develop international cooperation and diplomacy at the local government level. The international cooperation run by JSTs and other actors in the West-Pomeranian Voivodeship is compatible with the aims and priorities of the state foreign policy, and – at the same time – does not differ much from the policies pursued by other Polish voivodeships. The activities of the diplomacy at the local government level concentrates on economic cooperation, supporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the development of tourism, cooperation within institutions of culture, schools and universities. The priority is also the promotion of the West-Pomeranian Voivodeship at home and abroad.
EN
The article discusses factors enhancing the development of international cooperation in military education limited to several chosen aspects of educating foreign military personnel in Polish military schools between 2013–2017. Such cooperation is conducted through making contact with foreign partners and participation in mutual events in the field of science, research and didactics, as well as the exchange of students and teaching staff. Additionally, the paper presents legal conditions for the education of foreigners — primarily the regulations of the Higher Education Act by which the Minister of National Defence is authorised to coordinate the cooperation of Polish and foreign schools and academies as a part of international agreements. Moreover, the priorities of the cooperation are also mentioned. Such priorities are treated as an effective tool in supporting the process of the creation of a friendly international environment and as a part of trying to achieve some kind of unification of education and training. One of the best examples of such a priority is an increase of exchanges of military students that were made possible by the establishment of a system of exchange of students from military higher education institutions (officer cadets) and this programme is called the European Initiative for the Exchange of Young Officers (Military ERASMUS). A significant role for the development of international cooperation is also played by 1st degree studies (bachelor degree), run in the English language, conducted by three Polish military academies — Naval Academy, Military University of Land Forces and Air Force Academy. Finally, postgraduates studies, English language courses on different levels, according to STANAG 6001, and the Polish language course for foreigners complete the educational offer for the foreign partners.
EN
The interests of children are of paramount importance, therefore it is sometimes necessary for the authorities to interfere in matters relating to their custody, when a child is likely to have been wrongfully removed or retained in breach of the rights of custody attributed to a person, an institution or any other body (child abduction). Therefore a number of international and European Union legal acts impose on national legislators the obligation to introduce mechanisms involving central authorities into cooperation with each other and promoting cooperation amongst the competent authorities in their respective states to make proper discoveries to secure the prompt return of children. For this purpose, the Law of 26 January 2018 on the exercise of certain acts of the central authority in family matters relating to legal transactions under European Union law and international agreements was adopted. Pursuant to its provisions, Police offi cers shall, by virtue of their specifi c powers, assist the central authority and the courts on matters relating to the abduction of minors abroad. Their role is mainly linked to providing the authorities with relevant information, assisting the probation offi cer, and searching the place where the minor is presumed to be living.
EN
The article deals with the problem of adult education in the context of globalization. The analysis of scientific pedagogical literature devoted to studying of some aspects of educational activity in adult education has been conducted. The problem of public institutions development and activity has been analyzed in the broad context of “globalization”. Possibilities and threat for the work of “the third sector” have been explored. The tendency of deepening international cooperation of public organizations in adult education with the increase of their interdependence and competition has been emphasized. The article deals with the historical and pedagogical issues of educational activities in the field of adult education. Much attention has been given to social problems of the subject (the problem of human’s social protection, the necessity of a systematic solution of a range of socially-oriented issues in the education sphere, the focus of the social educational work’s vector in the field of nonformal adult education). The features of internationalization of educational activities in the field of adult education have been defined. Methodology of the problem’s research has been researched. Transnational research has been conducted with the help of functional analysis method, which allows to allocate complex international requirements in national standards of public organizations. It has been determined that at present there is increase of integration processes in national European systems which influence the change of their structure and creation of regional and general world models of adult and informal education.
PL
The article presents the history and development process of the Department of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Warsaw. Attention was drawn to the traditions and the direction of scientifi c research in the fi eld of literary studies, cultural studies and linguistics, as well as didactic and organizational activity, achievements and contribution to the multiplication of Ukrainian studies abroad.
PL
The article is connected with the conditions and strategies of the Polish psychologists’ and pedagogues’ scientific work in the interwar period. None of them pursued the ‘classical’ academic path, in terms of official employment status and promotion within a university. Most of them worked in the Wolna Wszechnica Polska. Women who were distinguished by their activity in the field of research were Helena Radlińska, Maria Grzegorzewska, Józefa Joteyko, Ludwika Karpińska-Woyczyńska. They attended the internal and transnational scientific life taking part in conferences and conventions, publishing scientific papers in Polish and foreign scientific journals. The significant strategy of the women handling the science was also their participation in the social and learned societies.
EN
The aim of the paper is the analysis of the relationship between the perception of the success factors in international collaborative relationships and firm’s international experience. The results of an empirical study on the sample of 278 Polish exporters and importers cooperating with partners from China and Germany are presented and both the differences in success factor perception depending on foreign partners’ home country, and the correlation of the perception of the success factors with the international experience of the firms are discussed. The study revealed that the firms working with partners in China have somewhat more international experience. The importance of the majority of the success factors in relationships with German partners did not differ significantly from those in collaboration with Chinese firms. However, some consequential differences were observed. Internationalization experience is not strongly related with the perception of international cooperation success factors.
EN
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the activity towards the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the European Union and United States. It has been emphasized that the talks will reduce regulatory barriers. New agreements to remove trade barriers aim at reducing dead-weight costs and at increasing net social gains from international trade. The article examines the impact of free trade agreements like TTIP and, in particular, investor-state dispute resolution mechanisms in reducing the power of national governments to regulate and eliminate market inequality. The article offers examples of successful regulatory cooperation efforts in the hope that it will shed light on possible approaches to addressing regulatory divergences. Ideally, the best way to address problems arising from regulatory divergence would be on a multilateral basis, while taking into account the relations of the EU and the US with other countries. The main aim of the article is the presentation of the challenges for TTIP negotiations. The particular objective of the research task is the regulatory trade barriers in US-EU foreign trade policy, the nature and the promoters of TTIP, the interrelationship between regulatory standards and international cooperation in TTIP. The general theoretical approach will be of broad interest to economists interested in international questions, especially transatlantic cooperation, as well as to political scientists. The main methods applied in this research were the institutional method, comparative method, documentation method and statistical methods. Additionally, the methods of deductive and inductive forecasting were applied.
PL
Zauważalny wzrost zainteresowania samorządów nawiązywaniem kontaktów z podmiotami zagranicznymi czyni zasadnym przybliżenie prawnych podstaw aktywności międzynarodowej samorządu terytorialnego. W artykule analizie poddane zostały odnośne przepisy Konstytucji RP, samorządowych ustaw ustrojowych, innych właściwych aktów prawa krajowego, prawa międzynarodowego publicznego oraz prawa Unii Europejskiej.
EN
The growing interest in establishing contacts with foreign entities justifies presentation of legal basis for international activity of local government. The article analyses the relevant provisions of the Constitution of Republic of Poland, constitutional local government laws, other relevant national laws, public international law and EU law.
EN
The aim of the article is to present, in a short and a synthetic form, self-governments as new actors on the international arena. Discussed are the genesis and the development of this new international activities being undertaken by local residential areas such as the “twinning movement” and the programme for establishing “sister cities”. Briefly described are the key international organizations focused on the local self-governance. Discussed is also, in a relative detail, is the cooperation of the Polish self-governance entities with local self-governance partners within the international sphere. The author concludes by attempting to define the scope and importance of the international cooperation of local self-governance entities in general and its impact on the individual participating partners.
EN
Ensuring sustainable (balanced) development is a complex task that requires a systematic approach. One of the important aspects of this security system is management. In this context, it is difficult to overestimate the role of public administration – from the formation of its principles, goals and objectives to making specific decisions on their implementation. Public administration is defined as a deliberate influence on social processes, encompassing the actions of governmental and non-governmental actors such as civil society, scientists, researchers and private organizations. Not only international or national, but also regional and local levels of governance, ensuring their systematic activity, which determines the success or failure of joint efforts, is critical for the sustainable (balanced) development implementation, since in the context of globalization, harmonized public governance at all territorial levels is a necessary condition for achieving the goals and objectives of sustainable development. Global issues require not only timely response but concerted precautionary action at all levels. It is in this chain that it is often revealed that management experts have been called "evolutionary dichronosis" which is the lag of public administration systems adaptation from the pace of change occurring at different levels of government requiring new approaches, ideas and new management decisions. This is why special attention is paid to management issues in the formulation of proposals for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period after 2015, taking into account the three main aspects of governance – good governance, effective management and fair management. Institutional capacity of authorities at different levels to make responsible decisions, formulate realistic goals, apply adequate indicators that demonstrate their achievement, implement sustainable management models that are acceptable for the effective implementation of sustainable development policies, and create conditions for such development – all these components of public administration are considered in the suggested guide. Particular attention is paid to the issues of decision-making in public administration in the development and implementation of sustainable (balanced) development policies.
EN
The aim of this article is to diagnose the state of Polish-Ukrainian economic relations in the area of trade in goods and services, with particular emphasis on the export of goods to the Ukrainian market. The study includes an analysis of the legal conditions and statistical data on trade cooperation between Poland and Ukraine. In order to deepen the theoretical discussion, a quantitative study was carried out among Polish enterprises cooperating with Ukrainian partners, or operating on the Ukrainian market. The results are primarily focused on depicting the exports of goods and services of Polish entrepreneurs to the Ukrainian market.
PL
Celem artykułu jest diagnoza polsko-ukraińskich relacji gospodarczych w obszarze wymiany towarowej i handlu usługami, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem eksportu towarów na rynek ukraiński. Badania obejmują analizę uwarunkowań prawnych oraz analizę danych statystycznych dotyczących współpracy handlowej między Polską i Ukrainą. W celu pogłębienia rozważań teoretycznych przeprowadzone zostały badania ilościowe wśród polskich przedsiębiorstw współpracujących z ukraińskimi partnerami lub działających na rynku ukraińskim. Prezentowane wyniki badań skupiają się przede wszystkim na ukazaniu problematyki eksportu towarów i usług polskich przedsiębiorców na rynek ukraiński.
EN
The opinion deals with the legal status of international arrangements concluded by Polish provinces (voivodships). These arrangements, according to the author, are not international agreements, as – under the Constitution of the Republic of Poland – provinces do not have competence to conclude such agreements. Provinces are only allowed to join international association of local communities that are not international organizations.
|
2020
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vol. 21
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issue 2
143-156
EN
The article identifies the determinants of the asymmetry of foreign trade turnover between Ukraine and Poland based on an analysis of competitiveness indicators of the studied countries in the period 2003−2017. The emphasis is on calculation of the comparative advantages of particular commodity headings in Polish exports in the domestic market of Ukraine. Potential directions of the intensification of bilateral trade were evaluated.
EN
The subject matter of the present paper pertains to international cooperation of small and medium enterprises from selected countries of the European Union. The objective of the study was to identify factors determining international cooperation in European states, and to evaluate differences regarding the cooperation depending on the specific country. The desk research method was applied. Data collected between 2008 and 2014 by Enterprise Europe Network (EEN) was analysed. EEN constitutes the largest business support network in the world. Results of the analysis indicated the existence of differences among the individual forms of cooperation undertaken by companies located in selected European countries. The data collected was supplemented with a case study of a Polish technological company benefiting from the cooperation with the network
PL
Problematyka prezentowanego artykułu dotyczy współpracy międzynarodowej małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw z wybranych krajów Unii Europejskiej. Celem badań była identyfikacja czynników determinujących współpracę na rynku międzynarodowym w krajach europejskich oraz ocena różnic w zakresie współpracy międzynarodowej w zależności od kraju. Zastosowano metodę desk research, poddając analizie dane zgromadzone w latach 2008–2014 przez sieć Enterprise Europe Network (EEN), będącą największą na świecie siecią wspierania przedsiębiorczości. Wyniki przeprowadzonych analiz wykazały występowanie różnic pomiędzy formami współpracy podejmowanymi przez przedsiębiorstwa zlokalizowane w poszczególnych krajach europejskich. Wyniki desk research uzupełniono analizą przypadku polskiego przedsiębiorstwa z branży technologicznej, współpracującego z siecią EEN. Zastosowano metodę badań jakościowych – case study.
EN
Since 1989, the transitions have been made in Central and Eastern Europe, in political science those changes are described and explained in terms of „sys-temic transformation”. One of the three main goals of transformation in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe was not only introducing a system of freedom, democracy, the country of law and market economy but also the crea-tion of civil society. The changes from 1990 to 1992 in the political and eco-nomic life of Lithuania and the building of a democratic system were based on the implementation of the principle of national sovereignty, separation of pow-ers, rule of law, political pluralism and providing democratic, stable govern-ment. Since 1990, the political system and legal elements shaping it in Lithuania have been constantly transformed. It is difficult to conclude when the political system and the building of civil society will have reached the level of a consoli-dated democracy.
Path of Science
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2017
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vol. 3
|
issue 3
3.1-3.8
EN
The article deals with the analyzes of economic diplomacy application in the area of innovations. The strategy of economic diplomacy by improving the efficiency in global value chain participation was considered. The main effects of commercial diplomacy using in the innovation area were identified. The world experience using economic diplomacy in the innovation sphere was considered.
EN
The European Arrest Warrant (EAW) is undoubtedly the result of the introduction of cross-border simplified court proceedings. In its regulations, suspects and accused persons are transferred for the purpose of prosecuting offenses or executing a sentence of deprivation of liberty or a detention order involving the deprivation of liberty. A European arrest warrant issued by a judicial authority of a Member State is valid throughout the territory of the European Union. The beginning of its application in Poland dates from 1st January 2004. It replaced the extradition procedure, which was previously applied by the member states of the Union. The mechanism of the EAW is based on the principle of mutual recognition of judicial decisions and is applied in all EU Member States. It is based on the principle of direct contact between judicial authorities. Authorities using the warrant are obliged to respect the procedural rights of suspects and defendants, that is, the right to information, to a lawyer, to an interpreter, etc.
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