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V Gruntě a Špicberk : toponyma německého původu v pohraničí v současnosti : (na příkladu vybraných obcí Jesenicka)

100%
Klemensová T.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
|
2017
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vol. 100
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issue 5
301-311
EN
This paper focuses on the toponyms (place names, field names) and the linguistic landscape in the Czech borderlands in the Jeseník region. Based on a combination of qualitative approaches (interviews with the locals) and quantitative ones (analysis of the toponyms in the linguistic landscape), the functions of German geographical names (and the German language in general) in this area are evaluated. The relationship of both local residents and local entrepreneurs to the German place and field names is also explored. The analysis reveals that the names of German origin are sometimes maintained and even revitalized. The revitalization of such names is influenced more by local entrepreneurs than by the local residents.
2
Content available remote

Renaming in modern Ukrainian urbanonymy (based on the street names of the city of Kyiv)

100%
Kravchenko L.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 2
240-252
EN
The article looks into 177 names of streets, alleys and squares in the city of Kyiv, renamed between 2015 and 2017 as a result of the process of decommunisation. It presents lexical and semantic characteristics of urbanonyms and reveals the key principles and naming motives in the renamed objects. A significant number of changed urbanonyms are based on anthroponyms (114 names of streets, 64%). The lexical base of other urbanonyms is comprised of common lexis (24 names, 14%), and toponyms, particularly oikonyms, hydronyms, microtoponyms (29 names, 16%), and other onyms (10 names, 6%). As for the motivation, some renamed objects received their original historical names (14%), a part of them (12%) received new names, with the geographical and spatial location of the street being taken into account. Some street names refer to the activities of their inhabitants (8%), and some of them reflect the world-view and aesthetic preferences of their inhabitants (3%). The largest number of urbanonyms is dedicated to prominent figures of Ukrainian culture, science, art, national heroes, or representatives of other nationalities who are related to the development of the statehood of Ukraine and its capital (63%).
CS
Text se zabývá 177 názvy ulic, tříd a náměstí města Kyjeva přejmenovaných v období 2015–2017 v důsledku procesu dekomunizace. Představuje lexikální a sémantické charakteristiky urbanonym a odkrývá klíčové principy a motivy pojmenování u přejmenovaných objektů. Největší skupinu změněných urbanonym tvoří názvy založené na antroponymech (114 jmen, 64 %). Lexikální základy ostatních urbanonym jsou tvořeny apelativy (24 jmen, 14 %), toponymy, konkrétně oikonymy, hydronymy, mikrotoponymy (29 jmen, 16 %), a jinými onymy (10 jmen, 6 %). V některých případech byla objektům vrácena jejich historická jména (14 %), část z nich dostala nová jména vycházející z geografické a prostorové lokace ulice (12 %). Některé uliční názvy jsou obrazem aktivity obyvatel dané ulice (8 %) a některé reflektují jejich názorové a estetické preference (3 %). Největší počet urbanonym odkazuje k významným osobnostem ukrajinské kultury, vědy, umění, k národním hrdinům, představitelům jiných národností, kteří mají podíl na vzniku ukrajinské státnosti a hlavního města (63 %).
3
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Odraz rusko-ukrajinské války v urbanonymii a v jazykové krajině ostatních zemí

100%
Dvořáková Ž.
Acta onomastica
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2023
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vol. 64
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issue 1
22-44
EN
This study is focused on changes in linguistic landscape (especially in urbanonyms) due to the Russian attack on Ukraine in February 2022. It follows official and unofficial renaming of streets around the world in effort to show solidarity with Ukraine and its people. Official commemorative names have often the meaning ‘Free Ukraine’ (e.g. in Riga and Tirana), ‘Ukrainian Heroes’ (e.g. in Prague and Vilnius) etc. and are mostly located close to Russian embassies. Unofficial names given to streets by activists as a protest against the war are usually motivated by the name of the Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Street names derived from the adjective Russian, or from Russian toponyms are changed as well, however only unofficially (e.g. the sign with the name of Ruská ‘Russian Street’ in Prague was replaced with the sign containing the famous answer of the Ukrainian soldiers from Snake Island to the Russian warship).
4
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Toponymie městského prostoru v kontextu mezioborovosti české onomastiky — kritické poznámky a perspektiva dalšího výzkumu

80%
David J.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2016
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vol. 7
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issue 1
39-54
EN
This study focuses on the current situation in Czech research of toponymy (place names), particularly urbanonymy (urban names, predominantly street names). The study of place names offers considerable potential for interdisciplinary approaches to research; however, scholars (both in onomastics and in non-onomastic disciplines) currently lack interest in such cooperation, and this represents a major barrier to the development of mutually inspirational research in the field. The article outlines three main reasons underlying this situation: the long-established tradition of Czech onomastic research drawing on etymological and historical approaches towards place names; the prevailing emphasis on onomastic material; and an overly simplistic view of what constitutes onomastic research and methodology as well as of their application in interdisciplinary cooperation. In response to this situation, the author discusses a modern research concept which has the potential to offer a new methodological impulse to Czech onomastics and restore it to its former status as a respected discipline — the concept of the linguistic landscape. This concept could be successfully applied to research exploring the urbanonymy of modern Czech cities built during the post-war era — such as the new Socialist cities dating from the 1950s, or concrete housing estates. However, several problems need to be discussed — including the proprial status of urbanonyms, the definition of the urban area, and the relations between standardized (predominantly official) and non-standardized (unofficial, popular) forms of urban place names.
5
Content available remote

Jazyk a krajina v antropologickém výzkumu

80%
Mácha P.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2021
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vol. 108
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issue 4
403-430
EN
Language is a key element in the perception, formation, and reproduction of landscapes and group boundaries. It is effective in at least three dimensions, namely, the inner/cognitive, the outward/appropriative, and the collective/identitarian. The inner dimension refers to the fact that our perception of landscape and our spatial cognition are determined, to a large extent, by the linguistic terms and grammatical structures specific to our language. The outward dimension refers to the capacity of language to project linguistically- and culturally-determined understandings into the physical world and create and appropriate places and landscapes by the act of naming. Finally, the collective dimension points to the importance of the linguistic delimitation of landscapes and their association with group identities. The article summarizes crucial recent findings in all three of the aforementioned dimensions and suggests possibilities for further research.
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