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Nová koncepce synchronních korpusů psané češtiny

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Cvrček V., Čermáková A., Křen M.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2016
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vol. 77
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issue 2
83-101
EN
The paper describes the new corpus SYN2015, the most recent 100 million word corpus of contemporary written Czech. General notions of corpus representativeness and balance are discussed in this context with a focus on the new design of representativeness adopted for SYN2015. Unlike the previous synchronic corpora SYN2000, SYN2005 and SYN2010, which were balanced according to text reception (based on sociological surveys), the composition of SYN2015 is based on the “texts-as-products” principle with arbitrary proportions of the individual categories within a revised text classification scheme. The paper argues in favour of this solution by highlighting three major advantages: (1) this type of composition can be upheld constant in the future, ensuring corpus comparability, while reception changes constantly; (2) it emphasises diverse composition of the corpus as a language sample; (3) corpus SYN2015 serves not only as a representative sample, but also as a large pool of texts from which different subsets (subcorpora) based on various linguist-specified criteria can be drawn.
2
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Korpus spontánní mluvené češtiny ORAL2013

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Benešová L., Křen M., Waclawičová M.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2015
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vol. 97
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issue 1
42-50
EN
The paper presents a corpus of spontaneous spoken Czech called ORAL2013, its design principles and practical solutions adopted during the data collection. The corpus is designed to represent contemporary spontaneous spoken language used in informal, real-life situations across the whole of the Czech Republic. The corpus consists of audio recordings and their transcriptions aligned with time stamps; it features manual annotation and broad regional coverage with a large variety of speakers. ORAL2013 contains 835 recordings from the period 2008 to 2011 made with 2,544 speakers (of whom 1,297 speakers are unique); the total length of the audio tracks is almost 300 hours and the total size of the transcriptions exceeds 3.28 million tokens. ORAL2013 is made publicly available by the Czech National Corpus at http://www.korpus.cz/.
3
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K vývojovým tendencím vybraných obouvidových sloves v češtině

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Janečka M., Návratová M.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2020
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vol. 102
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issue 2
230-249
EN
The theoretical part of this article is focused on verbal aspect, particularly on biaspectual verbs in Czech. The creation of a perfective verb from a biaspectual verb by means of prefixation is described. Within corpus research, usage of biaspectual verbs in a perfective context is explored in contrast to its perfective correlate. Then we focus on syntactic restrictions, considering the usage of certain biaspectual verbs, and on the fact that the aspect of biaspectual verbs cannot be identified out of context. Czech biaspectual verbs develop over time and they can also lose their biaspectuality over time. The perfective forms of biaspectual verbs were verified for the following verbs: adaptovat, definovat, organizovat, faulovat, kontaktovat, realizovat, exportovat, publikovat, kompromitovat and korumpovat. Our research indicates that half of the selected verbs cannot be used in their perfective forms in time-subordinate sentences, and that in this type of sentence they are replaced by their prefixed perfective correlates. This finding leads us to the conclusion that in certain contexts, Czech biaspectual verbs can lose their biaspectuality over time.
4
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K některým případům nestandardní vokalické délky u zájmen

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Janečka M.
Bohemistyka
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2017
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issue 4
347-358
EN
This article concerns with pronouns ní, jí, naší and vaší in accusative singular form which is non-standard for this case. I try to point out a possible connection between pronunciation of these pronouns and their written forms in Czech National Corpus. I especially focus on reasons, why a language user (writer) chooses long final vowel in accusative singular also in contexts, where it is not in accordance with the paradigm of given pronoun, as it is described in grammars of Czech. I explore differences in function styles in the corpus SYN2015 and differences in regions in the corpus SCHOLA2010. I also observe, which prepositions are related to non-standard accusative pronouns.
CS
Tato stať pojednává o nestandardním použití vokalické délky v akuzativu singuláru zájmen ní, jí, naší a vaší. Pokouším se poukázat na možnou souvislost mezi výslovností těchto tvarů a jejich psanou podobou v Českém národním korpusu. Zejména se zaměřuji na to, v jakých kontextech volí uživatel jazyka (pisatel) v akuzativu singuláru dlouhý koncový vokál i v případech, kde to není v souladu s paradigmatem daného zájmena tak, jak je zachyceno v mluvnicích českého jazyka. Rozdíly z hlediska funkčních stylů zkoumám v korpusu SYN2015, rozdíly z hlediska regionální příslušnosti pak v korpusu SCHOLA2010. Sleduji rovněž, které předložky se pojí s nestandardními akuzativními tvary zájmen.
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