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EN
The author discusses the issue of ethics in journalism on the Internet. He also focuses on the background of different genres of journalism.
EN
The aim of this review article is to assess the use of different research methods in empirical studies on the influence of new media on journalism. It analyses all articles related to the topic which were published between 2006-2013 in three selected prestigious academic journals – Journalism, Journalism Studies and New Media & Society. Employing the principles of systemic review, the articles are grouped in three temporal categories according to the methods applied in the research they present. It is concluded that mostly traditional research methods were used in the analysed period, only with minor adaptation to the new communication environment. Only from 2009 some tendencies towards a change of classical methods (software analysis, various combinations of methods) and techniques (using of special software which helps to study new internet phenomena such as social networks sites Facebook and Twitter) are evident.
EN
The article deals with the concept of “agenda setting” in media as well as focuses on the first level of this process (a selection and a prioritization of the particular events that are presented in the television news). Namely, these events become a basic source of information about the contemporary political world. Any bias manifestations have been omitted deliberately as it goes in tandem with manipulation techniques (such as assessment, for instance). Moreover, it has been assumed that the degree of bias is an inherent feature of the media as it constitutes the crucial element of the central-level politics. Moreover, not only has been stated that this bias may be resulted in the pressure of politicians, but also that this phenomenon is downright an unavoidable feature of media. Thus, the differences between agendas of the various television news were analyzed and presented on the basis of both the data and the own research.
EN
The aim of this article is to present the results of a contrastive analysis of the strategies of agenda setting on the first pages of two tabloids issued by Axel Springer Verlag: a Polish one – “Fakt” and a German one – “Bild.” The analysis has been conducted in order to prove or disprove the thesis that the Polish newspaper is even more tabloid-like than its German prototype. The research material has been excerpted from nine random issues of each newspaper published in the period of 10–30 March 2012. The analysis comprises three criteria adopted from the model of the process of agenda setting developed by Pyzikowska (2001:77). These are: the choice of news according to the standards of journalism, the type of history and the grade of emphasis. According to the analysis, “Fakt” shows a visibly greater contamination of the features of a tabloid, although they are apparent in both newspapers.
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Kondycja zawodu dziennikarza w Rosji

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EN
Being a journalist in Russia during the USRR meant highly reputable but as well partly dependency work. After the collapse of the Soviet Union the situation on media market has changed especially situation on freedom of speech. But in 1993 the process of glasnost ended and the media went back to serve the interests of their owners. On the other hand it was a good time for valuable television programs and in‑depth press analyses. With the beginning of Putin’s presidency everything has changed on Russian media market. The 2000’s have seen a resurgence of the Soviet media system. Current Russian journalism is weak, we can observe a very negative tendencies like increasing state control over media, buying up nearly all independent media and increasing self‑censorship. An analytical function of media as well as critical view has moved to marginal position. Violence against journalists takes various forms including threats, physical assaults and murders. Russian media is not politically free and young generation of journalists does not want to criticize the political authority. No wonder that Committee to Protect Journalists called Russia was one of the deadliest countries in the world for journalists.
EN
The article is devoted to the controversial, pro-Russian Polish editor of “Tygodnik Petersburski”, Józef Emmanuel Przecławski. He was the alumnus of the Vilnius University and a contemporary of Adam Mickiewicz and the Philomaths, later to become loyal to the Russian Empire. The author of the article uses the Russian socio-political background to analyse the correspondence between Przecławski, the periodical’s censor and the Tsar’s advisors who, over the objections of chief editor, collaborated to transform the weekly into a bilingual Polish-Russian edition. The analysis is based on citations from the Russian archives sources.
EN
In the article „The Anode and Cathode”. The last collection of Melchior Wańkowicz’s reportages the author discusses a two-volume set of lifelong journalism by Wańkowicz, rarely commented by researchers. This series has been prepared by Thomas Jodełka-Burzecki according to the general guidelines of the author. It is one of the collections composed at the end of his life, such as From Stołpce to Cairo, By the four climates 1912-1972, and even La Fontaine’ Decanter or War and Pen. This astonishing proliferation of reportages’ selection can be explained by a presentiment of approximating death and the desire to systematize his workshop. The author believes that within the created set of cycles The Anode and Cathode is composed in a most convincing way: it is a collection of press prewar reports from the Easter borderlands of Poland, reportages from journeys undertaken both in the country and abroad, descriptions of exile and emigration during the World War II, as well as articles demonstrating the writer's concern about human values, literature (mainly: non fictional), which in total gives an image of the writer involved competently, honestly and thoroughly in the patriotic issues.
EN
The paper aims to characterize the style of H. Sienkiewicz’s reports from painting exhibitions. The stylistic features have been determined from the genological perspective, with the assumption that the report is an alternative template for the review. The main stylistic features of the analysed texts are: 1. suggestiveness, graphical character, and persuasiveness, as features resulting from how the intention of the text was realized; 2. weakened adherance to templates, owing to the possibility of realization of various structural variants; and 3. eclectic nature, related to the richness of stylistic registers, including a sizeable repertory of means belonging to the artistic style, thematic vocabulary, and vocabulary directly linked to the subject of painting. Specialist vocabulary, concepts and terms characteristic of the art of painting, constitute a specific group.
EN
Communication on the local government level may take place in different ways, using different channels. One of them is the press that is either created by local governments or through their order. The authoress has attempted to show this press from the media perspective. Analysing the selected titles, she has tried to show its content both from the sender’s and the recipient’s point of view. The linking of the content and the ways of its transmission turned out to be particularly interesting, and so – the possibility of the impact on the recipient, in combination with the editorial teams’ characteristics. The local government press came into being even before the first local elections in 1990. Then it seemed that it would not play a significant role in the entire press system. Over the time, it turned out that it had been developing dynamically, increasing the number of its titles every year. It has existed up till now to the disappointment of many circles. The publishing activity of local governments usually livens up during the election. It is obvious that the existing borough leaders, mayors, starosts want to present their achievements, to show the residents that they keep their promises. A large proportion of them do it very effectively, as evidenced by the elections won in subsequent terms. In shaping their own image and the image of local governments that they lead, they are helped by the appointed press spokesmen who used to be regional or local media journalists, or the workers subordinated to cultural institutions or local governments. It might seem that most reliable success would be guaranteed by professionals – editors who have many years’ work experience. However, it appears that such a simple relationship does not exist. The analysis of the content of messages indicates the selective information to recipients about local matters, mainly about the activities of the authorities. The overall image of the district, county, province emerging from the published material is definitely positive. One should not expect another vision if the press, in its assumptions, is designed to promote the region, county and province.
EN
Vital interest of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (CPC) in struggle to achieve political power was to make its program attractive to a broad masses of Czechoslovak population. The Marx-Leninism, which became an ideological base of CPC, presented itself as the only relevant ideology capable of establishing a “socially just” society. Revolution as a road of the Communist regime to impose its rule was presented as unavoidable, because it was in harmony with laws of social progress formulated by Friedrich Engels, Karl Marx and Vladimir I. Lenin. The essential role in spreading ideology of the Marx–Leninism, according to leadership of CPC had propaganda. Despite strictly formulated principles of the Marx-Leninist ideology, communist propaganda during the existence of Czechoslovak Republic morphed in dependence on changing political development. Vicissitudes of form and content of communist propaganda in monitored period are traced in submitted paper. An emphasis is given to, till now, unpublished archival documents, deposited in Slovak and Czech archives. Invaluable source offering insight to concrete workings of communist propaganda is a contemporary press, primarily periodicals Pravda Chudoby and Pravda, which represented ideological views of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. A relevant source of information are social democratic Robotnícke noviny, which monitored closely development of its main rival CPC. A literature dealing with various aspects with history of Czechoslovak Communist Party was used where it was suitable to complement events by a more general description.
EN
The aim of this Special Issue of Central European Political Studies is to bring media scholars together and to reflect on the current trends in political journalism in our region. The focus of the articles is trained on the discovery of the shifts and continuities in journalistic practises 25 years after the collapse of the communist regimes. Some of the findings and conclusions presented in the volume come from studies conducted within the framework of international comparative research projects such as Worlds of Journalism, Journalistic Role Performance Around the Globe, or Media Accountability and Transparency in Europe (MediaAcT). The others come from single, national empirical studies or analyses on the media systems conducted in the Central and Eastern countries.
EN
The article introduces the results of an empirical examination of journalistic role performance in Hungary. In reference to the “Journalistic Role Performance Around the Globe” research project (led by Prof. Claudia Mellado from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, in Chile and Lea Hellmueller, from Texas States University, www.journalisticperformance.org), we attempt to discuss the main patterns of role performance in contemporary journalism in Hungary. The presence of six models in news production (watchdog, disseminator interventionist, civic, loyalfacilitator, service journalism, and infotainment) is investigated by conducting a quantitative content analysis of 1,087 news items published by the national desk of four Hungarian broadsheets in 2012–2013.
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EN
Several research projects in the last decade have been devoted to studying professional role perception among Polish journalists. Still less is known about how different ideals of professional roles affect journalistic role performance. This paper aims to present the findings of the content analysis of 1,130 news stories published in four Polish newspapers in 2012 and 2013. The study was a part of the international research project: Journalistic Role Performance Around the Globe (led by Prof. Claudia Mellado from Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, in Chile and Lea Hellmueller, from Texas States University, www.journalisticperformance.org). The results indicate that the watchdog model is most commonly used in the Polish press, followed by the infotainment and civic models. However, the findings of the content analysis primarily support the general observation on the political orientations of the Polish newspapers and political parallelism of the Polish media system.
EN
The paper presents a comparative look at the results of similar studies relating to the diagnosis of cooperation between the journalists and representatives of the PR industry in Poland. Comparable subjects, arising from the similarity of used research tools, as well as comparable attempts of the research on both environments provide good opportunities of drawing overlapping conclusions from the two research projects. Although standardization of the cooperation between journalists and PR professionals is very difficult and its description is limited by a number of variables and differentiating factors, comparing both studies makes it possible to draw conclusions about some changes or elements that have remained unchanged in relations PR managers – journalists in Poland over the last 11 years.
EN
This article analyses creation and development of weekly newspaper “Nashe Slovo” (Our Word) and its role in the protection of Ukrainian identity. Also the author analyzes the role of newspaper in strengthening of Ukraine-Polish relations and the maintenance of Ukrainian national identity in Poland.
EN
This article attempts to assess the role of Twitter in international communication on the basis of intentionally selected part of reality. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the potential impact of messages, posted in the microblogging service by the internationally recognized journalist, on creating the image of Poland in the world. Case study was carried out on the example of Anne Applebaum’s Twitter account.
EN
The article discusses blogging platforms coexisting with traditional journalism. Addresses the issue of differences and similarities between the two communities on the american and polish grounds. The compendium covers the most important turning points representing the status of quasi-journalism present in the network, and finally describe the cross-sectional structure of native blogosphere.
EN
The following interview took place during the conference Truth and Communication in the Era of Misinformation from Kierkegaard to Social Media held at St. John’s University, November 16-17, 2018.
EN
The aim of this article is to show Emilia Sukertowa-Biedrawina’s enormous contribution tothe popularization of Michał Kajka’s poetry among Polish readers both in the country and beyondthe northern border. The mentioned researcher is presented as the editor of the volume of poems bythis Masurian poet and as an editor in the publishing houses where she published his works. Thejournalism of Sukertowa-Biedrawina, devoted to the biography and creativity of Kajka, is also meticulouslylisted and discussed. This article proves that, as an author of numerous works on Masurianculture, she contributed to the creation of the special image of this regional artist, who was characterizedas religious and patriotic as early as in the interwar period.
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