Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 7

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  laboratory experiment
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
100%
EN
We report results from a trust game applied in a dynamic setting, which enhances investment possibilities and offers higher potential payoff from cooperation. The proposed approach better reflects the predicaments people face in concluding informal contracts and enables to investigate dynamics of cooperation relationships between players. Although, transferred shares of the disposable endowment do not differ significantly across the standard and modified games, in the absolute values people send more in the dynamic context. Our results suggest that the dynamic setting of the relationship, which has been often ignored in previous studies, might be an important determinant of trust.
EN
The article is reconnaissance. The author seeks to answer the question: is transformations are psychologically real? The content of the paper focuses on issues relating to the hypothesis of grammar: transformational grammar and theme-rheme grammar. In close relationship with the analyzed problem author make some experiments. On this basis, the author draws own conclusions.
EN
In a laboratory experiment, I examined two behavioural effects: hypothetical bias and the framing effect. I elicited willingness to pay (WTP) for a cosmetic product, and manipulated framing conditions (positive vs. negative attribute framing) and incentives to reveal the actual valuation (hypothetical vs. real). I demonstrated that hypothetical bias has a significant impact on WTP values; however, the framing effect has no effect on the valuation of the product. Similarly, I found no interaction between the two effects. This observation contributes to claims that hypothetical research methods lead to equally reliable data as those based on consequential choices.
EN
The article presents the results of laboratory experiments on several linguistic hypotheses. The experiments were checked for their epistemological control of the psychological reality of the world description that they offer. The article refers to the psycholinguistic experiments that aim to define the explanatory adequacy of the semantic models that simulate the implementation of the representative function of the language. The two themes: philological (linguistic) and cognitive (neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic) are combined in the article.
EN
There are 2 ways of trust measuring – experimental (using laboratory or field experiment) and sociological one (survey). Both are widely used by researchers all over the world. Therefore, comparison of experimental and sociological results is a hot topic, considered in many scientific works. In Ukraine laboratory experiments are not yet widespread in studying of trust, and mostly sociological methods are used. The paper examines the following issues: comparative analysis of sociological and experimental methods of trust measurement; an overview of the basic laboratory experiments used to study trust and cooperation; comparative analysis “experiments versus surveys”: presentation of the results of laboratory experiments Public Good Game (PG), conducted by the authors in the Ukraine; matching of the results of sociological and experimental measuring of confidence in Ukraine. The known laboratory experiments on verification of behavioral hypotheses, related to trust and cooperation, are the following: Trust Game (TG), Dictator Game (DG), a combination of TG-DG, Public Good Game (PG) and its modifications. Regarding the first three experiments, studies have shown that: 1) the outcome of the game significantly deviates from Nash equilibrium and the participants show deviation from self-regarding behavior; 2) experimental results may serve as valid assessments of the level of trust to people, namely trust to strangers. We have conducted a number of PG experiments among the students in order to assess the level of trust and to compare it with the results of surveys in Ukraine. In our experiments, it was found that: 1) almost 100% of participants made non-zero contributions; 2) the average contribution was 50% of participant’s revenue and is very stable. Outcomes of experiments allow to talk about certain coherence with the results of sociological surveys to estimate trust, held in Ukraine.
PL
Istnieją dwa sposoby pomiaru poziomu zaufania - eksperymentalne (z wykorzystaniem laboratorium lub eksperymentów w warunkach naturalnych) i socjologiczne (badania kwestionariuszowe). Oba są szeroko wykorzystywane przez naukowców z całego świata. Dlatego porównanie wyników badań eksperymentalnych i socjologicznych to interesujący temat, podejmowany w wielu pracach naukowych. Badania nad zaufaniem za pomocą eksperymentów laboratoryjnych nie są na Ukrainie często stosowane, głównie wykorzystuje się socjologiczne metody badawcze. W artykule zawarto: analizę porównawczą socjologicznych i eksperymentalnych metod pomiaru zaufania; przegląd podstawowych badań laboratoryjnych stosowanych do badania zaufania i współpracy; analizę porównawczą eksperymentów i badań kwestionariuszowych; prezentację wyników badań laboratoryjnych z wykorzystaniem gier PG (Public Good Game), prowadzonych przez autorów na Ukrainie; dopasowanie wyników badań eksperymentalnych i pomiarów socjologicznych na temat zaufania na Ukrainie. Znane są następujące eksperymenty laboratoryjne dotyczące weryfikacji hipotez behawioralnych, związanych z zaufaniem i współpracą: Trust Game (TG, gra w zaufanie), Dictator Game (DG, gra dyktator), połączenie TG-DG, Public Good Game (PG, gra dotycząca dobra publicznego) i ich modyfikacje. W związku z trzema pierwszymi eksperymentami badania wykazały, że: 1) wyniki gry znacznie odbiegają od stanu równowagi Nasha a także uczestnicy pokazują odchylenia od zachowania w świetle własnej oceny; 2) wyniki eksperymentu mogą jednak służyć jako istotne w zakresie oceny poziomu zaufania do ludzi, przede wszystkim zaufania do osób obcych. Przeprowadziłyśmy szereg eksperymentów PG wśród studentów, w celu określenia poziomu zaufania i porównałyśmy je z wynikami badań na Ukrainie. W świetle wyników naszych eksperymentów: 1) prawie 100% uczestników dokonało niezerowych wkładów; 2) średnia składka wynosiła 50% przychodów uczestnika i była bardzo stabilna. Rezultaty eksperymentów pozwalają mówić o pewnej spójności z wynikami badań socjologicznych dotyczących szacowania poziomu zaufania, które przeprowadzono na Ukrainie.
PL
In the article the author discusses peculiarities of three areas of psychologists’ professional activity: conducting scientific research, educating new generations of psychologists, and having a private practice. He particularly stresses the significance of empirical testability of theories for correct and ethical assessment practice (according to Evidence-Based Assessment standard) and therapeutic practice (according to Evidence-Based Practice in Psychology standard). The author also explores the cultural immersion of psychological activity.
EN
The article is reconnaissance. The author seeks to answer the question: which model of grammar is psychologically real? The content of the paper focuses on issues relating to the hypothesis of grammar: phrase structures grammar and dependency grammar. In close relationship with the analyzed problem author make some experiments. On this basis, the author draws own conclusions.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.