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PL
Polsko-żydowskie pogranicze językowe powstało w wyniku zetknięcia się ograniczonej terytorialnie jednojęzycznej kultury polskiej z wielojęzyczną i aterytorialną kulturą żydowską. W wyniku tego zetknięcia doszło do szeregu interferencji językowych, a także do ukształtowania się socjolektu mieszanego (polszczyzny Żydów) i języka mieszanego (jidysz – zgodnie z teorią slawocentryczną). Artykuł poświęcony jest omówieniu stanu polskich rozważań nad wzajemnymi wpływami polsko- -żydowskimi w dziedzinie językowej i ogólnemu zarysowaniu perspektyw badawczych, zwłaszcza w obrębie socjolingwistyki historycznej i dialektologii kontrastywnej.
EN
The Polish-Jewish language borderland was created as a result of the meeting of the territorially limited monolingual Polish culture with the multilingual and aterritorial Jewish culture. As a result of this encounter, a number of linguistic interferences and a mixed sociolect (Jewish Polish) and mixed language (Yiddish – according to the Slavocentric theory) emerged. This article discusses the state of Polish reflections on the mutual Polish-Jewish influences in the linguistic field and outlines general research perspectives, especially in the context of historical sociolinguistics and contrastive dialectology.
EN
An analysis of the material presented in the article (geographical names, hydronyms, oronyms as well as anthroponyms) makes it possible to draw geolinguistic, onomastic and historical-linguistic conclusions concerning the Polish-Bohemian language borderland (between Silesia, Moravia and Bohemia) in the Middle Ages and to establish the areas in which the two languages could influence each other. In the 12th century, Silesia was strongly linked linguistically to the other provinces of former Poland. In the 13th century, direct contact between the Polish and Czech languages occurred in an area from Ostravice to Prudnik. In the 13th and 14th centuries contacts between the two languages in the area overlapped with German–Polish and German–Bohemian contacts. This resulted in changes of names, mixed names, spread of new naming models. Part of the language area of the Polish-Bohemian borderland became a German-speaking area. This determined the local nature of the Polish-Czech or Polish-Bohemian linguistic neighbourhood.
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