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Typologia ogólna a typologia historyczna. Wybrane aspekty metodologii

100%
Kotin M. L.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
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2012
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vol. 1
57-64
EN
General Typology and Historical Typology. Selected Aspects of Methodology The author of this paper seeks to explore certain mechanisms and rules that collate and shape the types of systemic organization of various languages spoken all over the world, which appear irrespective of the degree of genetic relationship between those languages. The discussed mechanisms are to be divided here into two main groups: the first, which use universal features and are catalogued within contemporary linguistic typology as linguistic universals (see Joseph Greenberg’s linguistic universals) and the second, which use historical – typological features and are a subject of historical – comparative research that aims at discovering the correlation between language changes at difrerent levels of language systems. Both universal features as well as historical – typological features are closely related to one another, hence general typologies may justify particular theories using various types of research methods that examine and evaluate the origins of the language in question. The author tries to prove that typology, being a universal research tool, on the one hand, enables scholars and researchers to reduce or even eliminate discrepancies between synchronic and diachronic perspectives, on the other hand, however, exceeds the limits of interpretations that rely only on the existing relatedness between the languages or their affiliation to the same language family.
2
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The Role of Language in the Formation of Value Models of Cultures

84%
Leontieva O., Teplenko M.
Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium
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2023
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vol. 8
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issue 2
72-97
EN
The extent to which the value systems of different cultures influence each other is one of the most important issues in intercultural communication today, as it is closely related to the understanding and acceptance of the Other. Each of the existing cultures has its own value model created by it. The core of this model is formed by the most ancient layers of language, its root basis. Any value that emerged on the philosophical-religious stratum of culture is encoded with linguistic meanings. These codes form the value core of culture. The paper deals with the extent to which the value codes of one culture influence the codes of another culture. Different value models of cultures are proposed and considered and the role of language in creating their value core is shown.
PL
Stopień, w jakim systemy wartości różnych kultur na siebie wpływają, jest jednym z najważniejszych zagadnień współczesnej komunikacji międzykulturowej, ponieważ jest ściśle powiązany ze zrozumieniem i akceptacją Innego. Każda z istniejących kultur ma swój własny, stworzony przez siebie model wartości. Fundament tego modelu tworzą najstarsze warstwy języka, jego podstawowy rdzeń. Każda wartość, która wyłoniła się z filozoficzno-religijnej warstwy kultury, jest kodowana za pomocą znaczeń językowych. Kody te stanowią rdzeń wartości kultury. Obecny artykuł dotyczy tego, w jakim stopniu kody wartości jednej kultury wpływają na kody innej kultury. W artykule omawiane są różne kulturowe modele wartości oraz rola języka w tworzeniu ich rdzenia.
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