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EN
The article discusses the nature, scope and functions of the new institution of short certificate of civil and marital status in context of the nature of the institution of marriage. The author throws aside the extensive interpretation which persuades the possibility of indication in these certifications the homosexual partnership as equivalent legal situation in comparison to the matrimonial relation. The nature, origin and functions of marriage are appointed as main arguments against this broad conception. The homosexual relations are recognized as relations having only the civil law nature without any features of family law relationships.
Zeszyty Naukowe KUL
|
2017
|
vol. 60
|
issue 3
169-178
EN
In the law of 16 February 1913, no. 89, the notarial disciplinary procedure was modified introducing diversification of powers according to the severity of the penalties. For the most serious disciplinary sanctions – fine, suspension and dismissal – the jurisdiction was assigned to the common courts, namely the Court of First Instance, the Court of Appeal and the Court of Cassation. For the less serious penalties – warnings and censorships – the jurisdiction was conferred on the District Notary Council, which rulings could be challenged in front of common courts. Dec. 1, 2006, no. 249 has radically altered the regime of the notarial disciplinary procedure and established the Regional Disciplinary Commission (Co.Re.Di.), which has an administrative nature, concerning the application of disciplinary sanctions and precautionary measures, as well as the assessment of the conditions of temporary or definitive termination of notarial functions. In the framework of the reform, however, the District Notary Council was assigned the mere task of supervision and control over the regular conduct of the notary activity and the power to initiate disciplinary proceedings through the right of action was attributed to its chairman.
PL
Nel testo della legge 16 febbraio 1913, n. 89, il procedimento disciplinare notarile era modulato sulla diversificazione delle competenze secondo la gravità delle sanzioni. Per le sanzioni disciplinari più gravi – l’ammenda, la sospensione e la destituzione – la competenza per i tre gradi di giudizio era affidata al giudice ordinario, ossia al Tribunale, alla Corte d’Appello e alla Corte di Cassazione. Per le sanzioni meno gravi – l’avvertimento e la censura – la competenza, nel primo grado, era conferita al Consiglio notarile distrettuale, che decideva con provvedimento impugnabile dinanzi al giudice ordinario. Il d.lgs. 1 agosto 2006, n. 249 ha modificato radicalmente il regime del procedimento disciplinare notarile e ha istituito la Commissione amministrativa regionale di disciplina (Co.Re.Di.), avente natura amministrativa, per l’applicazione delle sanzioni disciplinari e delle misure cautelari notarili e per la valutazione dei presupposti di cessazione temporanea o definitiva dalle funzioni notarili. Nel quadro della riforma, invece, al Consiglio notarile distrettuale il legislatore ha assegnato il mero ruolo d’indagine e di controllo sul regolare svolgimento dell’attività notarile ed il potere di attivare il procedimento disciplinare tramite il diritto di azione accreditato al suo presidente
PL
Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy problematyki charakteru prawnego zażalenia na postanowienia Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów. Jest to ważna problematyka i istotna z punktu widzenia postępowania cywilnego. Uwagi autora koncentrują się na ocenie, czy zażalenie to ma charakter środka zaskarżenia czy też powództwa. Ocena autora zmierza w kierunku, iż zażalenie na postanowienie Prezesa Urzędu Ochrony Konkurencji i Konsumentów jest zbliżone do powództwa jako środka ochrony prawnej.
EN
This article concerns the legal character of appeals against the orders of the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection. This is an important issues and important from the point of view of Civil Procedure. Author’s Note focused on assessing whether the complaint is in the nature of an appeal or complaint. Rating author moving in the direction that the appeal against the decision of the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection is close to the action as a means of legal protection.
4
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Konsorcia ERIC a jejich místo v systému práva EU:

84%
EN
The present article analyses the legal nature of European Research Infrastructure Consortia (ERICs) the creation of which was made possible by Council Regulation No 723/2009 enacted with a goal to speed up and simplify the establishment of research infrastructures with European elements. Based on the provisions of the Regulation, consortia have both legal personality and extensive legal capacity in all their Member States, moreover, they enjoy special rights in the taxation area and the area of public procurement which are indeed capable of simplifying their operation. However, they also have rather distinctive legal traits. Consortia are set up on the grounds of EU law but the EU is not their Member and is not obliged to financially contribute to their budget; they are set up upon the initiative from EU Member States, third States or intergovernmental organizations, nevertheless, they cannot be set up in the absence of a positive decision of the European Commission which also controls their operation; consortia are governed by EU law but, simultaneously, also by the law of their host State and Statute which each consortium has to adopt. On the whole, ERICs have a hybrid nature which, on one hand, can facilitate the establishment of consortia with European dimension (the existence of 21 consortia provides a testimony in this sense), on the other hand, it can trigger a range of legal questions even outside the disputes stemming from membership in consortia or their transactions.
CS
Článek rozebírá právní povahu konsorcií evropské výzkumné infrastruktury (ERIC), jejichž zřizování umožnilo nařízení Rady č. 723/2009 přijaté s cílem zrychlit a zjednodušit zřizování výzkumných infrastruktur s evropským prvkem. Konsorcia mají přímo na základě nařízení povahu právnických osob a velmi širokou způsobilost k právnímu jednání ve všech členských státech, navíc požívají zvláštní oprávnění v daňové oblasti a v oblasti zadávání veřejných zakázek, která jejich fungování mohou skutečně zjednodušovat. Na druhé straně v právní rovině vykazují řadu zvláštních rysů. Zřizují se na základě práva EU, ale EU není jejich členem ani se nemusí podílet na jejich financování, zřizují se z iniciativy členských a třetích států a případně mezivládních organizací, avšak jejich zřízení je podmíněno kladným rozhodnutím Evropské komise, která nad nimi též vykonává dozor. Jejich právní režim se řídí právem EU, avšak souběžně také právem hostitelského členského státu a stanovami, které každé konsorcium přijímá. Zvláštním způsobem je upravena i odpovědnost za jednání konsorcií. Jako celek je tak povaha konsorcií hybridní, což může přispívat k tomu, že usnadňují budování výzkumných infrastruktur s evropským prvkem (o čemž svědčí, že jich dnes existuje 21), na druhé straně to může generovat různé právní otázky, a to nejen v případě sporů vyplývajících z členství a právních vztahů ke konsorciím.
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