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EN
Background. Today’s sport training resembles balancing on the edge between achieving high effort capacity and overtraining. Such overtraining may result in injuries of athletes’ motor system. The aim of the study was to characterize possible injuries occurring in athletes who practice short runs and to describe how these injuries are treated. Materials and methods. The study comprised 113 professional athletes (101 women and 53 men) practicing short runs. Mean age of an athlete was 22,3. The data were collected by means of the questionnaire designed by the authors for this study. Statistical data analysis was performed. Results. Investigation showed that as many as the 87,4% of respondents had some injury. Most of them were injuries of muscles, tendons and ligaments. The athletes often mentioned inappropriate warming up and too burdensome exercises as a direct cause of injury. Most of the respondents indicated a rest from training as the best treatment. A relation was observed between time devoted to weekly practice and the number of injuries (p = 0,82) as well as training experience and the number of injuries (p = 0,64) in the group of injured athletes. Conclusions. Athletics is a traumatic sport discipline. Injuries were most frequently located in lower limbs. The following elements are crucial in prevention of injuries: appropriate warming-up and appropriate intensity of training.
EN
In the first part of reflections, the reader will find information on the sports competitions of Polish sportspeople with the representatives of Czechoslovakia, Germany, and the Soviet Union, with due regard to the suspension of sports contacts for political reasons. The second part deals with the Polish-Lithuanian contacts in 1938–39 after the neighbouring countries established diplomatic relations.
PL
W pierwszej części rozważań czytelnik odnajdzie informacje na temat rywalizacji sportowej zawodników polskich z reprezentantami Czechosłowacji, Niemiec i Związku Sowieckiego, z uwzględnieniem aspektu zawieszenia kontaktów sportowych z powodów politycznych. Druga część traktuje o kontaktach polsko-litewskich w latach 1938–1939, po nawiązaniu przez sąsiadujące kraje stosunków dyplomatycznych.
EN
The players who played in the Polish football league in the interwar period were very versatile and talented, therefore they were also successful in other sports. The aim of the study was to assess the scale of this phenomenon. The mass development of football in Poland meant that there was a shortage of talented players in the struggle involving sports games, athletics or winter sports. The high level of physical fitness of the players predisposed them to participate in the competitions in sections of sports clubs other than football. The author presents detailed lists of footballers, participants in league competitions in the years 1927–1939, who became medallists of Polish championships in ice hockey, athletics, basketball, volleyball and handball. In addition, the biographies and achievements of the most versatile athletes are included.
PL
Zawodnicy występujący w latach międzywojennych w polskiej lidze piłkarskiej byli bardzo wszechstronni i utalentowani, dlatego odnosili sukcesy sportowe także w innych dyscyplinach sportu. Celem pracy była ocena skali tego zjawiska. Masowy rozwój piłki nożnej w Polsce sprawił, że brakowało utalentowanych zawodników w zmaganiach obejmujących gry sportowe, lekkoatletykę czy sporty zimowe. Wysoka sprawność piłkarzy predystynowała ich do udziału w rywalizacji sekcji klubów sportowych, innych niż futbolowe. Przedstawiono szczegółowe wykazy piłkarzy, uczestników rozgrywek ligowych w latach 1927–1939, którzy zostali medalistami mistrzostw Polski w hokeju na lodzie, lekkoatletyce, koszykówce, siatkówce i piłce ręcznej. Ponadto zaprezentowano sylwetki i dokonania najbardziej wszechstronnych zawodników.
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