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EN
The paper considers the issue of unit-linked life insurance, and seeks to verify two hypotheses: that unit-linked life insurance products available on the Polish market have an investment character, and that their main purpose is to multiply invested capital. The study was based on a detailed analysis of the General Terms and Conditions of Insurance, a review of the market of unit-linked life insurance with a particular emphasis on the insurers’ marketing communication and available statistics. It was found that there was no basis to reject the hypotheses, which means that the unit-linked life insurance products in the Polish market represent an alternative form of investment to those offered by other financial institutions. It was also found that the protective part in these products is marginal, and the aim of isolating it is strictly for the legal classification of certain products like unit-linked life insurance.
PL
Pracownicze plany kapitałowe stanowią element powszechnego systemu dobrowolnych III-filarowych programów oszczędzania na cele emerytalne. Z założenia obejmą one wszystkich pracowników, jednak każdy zatrudniony będzie mógł podjąć decyzję o rezygnacji z uczestnictwa w programie. Instytucjami finansowymi uprawnionymi do oferowania PPK będą, obok towarzystw funduszy inwestycyjnych, powszechnych towarzystw emerytalnych i pracowniczych towarzystw emerytalnych, zakłady ubezpieczeń. Umożliwienie gromadzenia kapitału w ramach PPK w formie ubezpieczenia na życie z ubezpieczeniowym funduszem kapitałowym niesie z pewnością wartość dodaną dla uczestników PPK w postaci ochrony ubezpieczeniowej. Ze względu jednak na specyficzne wymogi regulacyjne oraz odmienność umowy ubezpieczenia od pozostałych form PPK wiąże się to pewnymi konsekwencjami. Poniższy artykuł jest próbą wskazania najważniejszych kwestii dotyczących oferowania PPK w formie ubezpieczenia, zarówno dotyczących wprost umowy ubezpieczenia, takich jak oferowanie ochrony ubezpieczeniowej, charakter umów o zarządzanie i prowadzenie PPK czy ich dystrybucja, jak również odnoszących się do zagadnień ogólnych, mających jednak wpływ na PPK oferowane przez zakłady ubezpieczeń.
EN
Employee Capital Plans (PPK in Polish) are a part of a common system of voluntary pension savings schemes under the third pillar. They are assumed to cover all employees. However, each employee will be able to opt out of the participation in the program. The financial institutions eligible to offer Employee Capital Plans will include investment fund companies, general pension societies and employee pension societies as well as insurance companies. The opportunity to collect capital within the framework of Employee Capital Funds in the form of unit-linked life insurance will have an additional value for the participants, namely an insurance cover. Nevertheless, due to particular regulatory requirements and the difference between the insurance contract and other forms of Employee Capital Funds, it involves certain consequences. The present article is an attempt to address the essential issues concerning Employee Capital Funds offered in the form of insurance, regarding the insurance contract itself, such as insurance coverage or the nature of the contracts for the management and operation of Employee Capital Plans, as well as general matters, which exert an influence on the ECPs provided by insurance undertakings.
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