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EN
In 2014 a book by Peter Auer was published, presenting major theoretical approaches to the analysis of linguistic interaction. This book, which is a Czech translation and adaptation of the German original, was quickly sold out and now, five years later, it seems vital to ask how the book has been accepted. This reception study therefore analyzes 9 book reviews as well as 24 citing articles and 41 citing theses (a total of 171 citations). The analysis shows that the book has been cited by authors from the fields of linguistics, sociology and education as well as by authors affiliated with interdisciplinary departments. It also reveals that some of the most cited chapters are those whose Czech translations are not yet available (namely works by Sacks, Garfinkel, Schütz and Gumperz). The findings also uncover how the strengths of the book are reflected in the book reviews, citing texts and citations – the citing authors and reviewers appreciate the biographic sections, the inclusion of authors whose works are not yet available in Czech, the terminological clarity, as well as the complex and interdisciplinary nature of the book.
EN
This article presents an analysis of two types of future tense in French within an “intersubjective” approach as an alternative to descriptions based on “objective” or “subjective” considerations. We put forward a hypothesis that the composed form (e.g. on va comprendre) focalizes the verb or the predicate, whereas the simple form (e.g. on comprendra) allows to “defocalize” the verb in order to indicate that the interlocutor’s attention is to be focused elsewhere: either on another part of the predicate (e.g. a complement) or on another part of the utterance, beyond the predicate or even beyond the given sentence. We show that the objective and subjective considerations used to describe these forms may be reinterpreted within the intersubjective approach and concealed with the proposed notion of “(de)focalization”.
EN
 In this survey article, the author refers to the work of Stephen Levinson and Judith Holler, Sławomir Wacewicz and Piotr Żywiczyński, Michael Tomasello, Giacomo Rizolatti, Michael Arbib, and Marcel Jousse, in order to address the question how in the course of linguistic philogenesis humans and their ancestors developed intentional behaviour. The major points discussed can be formulated as follows: (1) Human language developed against the background of signalling systems, gestural and auditory; (2) There is disagreement as to whether gesture was prior to vocal communication or whether the two developed in parallel fashion; (3) Changes in the behaviour and the biological-neurological aspect of human communication are the key to formulating the theory of mind as the origin of social communication; (4) Considerations of language origin also sheds light on the role of language in interaction and culture.
PL
W artykule, który ma charakter przeglądowy, autorka wykorzystuje badania Stephena Levinsona i Judith Holler, Sławomira Wacewicza i Piotra Żywiczyńskiego, Michaela Tomasella, Giacomo Rizolatti’ego, Michaela Arbiba oraz Marcela Jousse’a, aby na ich podstawie podjąć próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak w procesie filogenezy języka pojawiły się u ludzi oraz ich ewolucyjnych przodków zachowania intencyjne. Najważniejsze tezy zostały sformułowane następująco: 1) Język ludzki powstał na tle systemów sygnałów: gestowych i dźwiękowych; 2) Istnieje spór dotyczący pierwszeństwa gestów nad komunikacją głosową lub równoczesności gestu i wokalizy w procesie powstawania języka; 3) Zmiany na poziomie zachowania oraz biologiczno-neurologicznym w rozwoju ludzkiej komunikacji stanowią klucz do zrozumienia teorii umysłu będący zalążkiem komunikacji społecznej; 4) Refleksja nad pochodzeniem języka prowadzi do roli języka w interakcji oraz w świecie kultury.
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Argumentace v jazykové interakci

67%
EN
The article aims to introduce the fundamental features of the communicative conception of argumentation based on rhetorical and pragmalinguistic argumentation theories. Argumentation is defined as (linguistic) action grounded in accounting for a controversial position with the purpose of convincing listeners of its acceptability or in order to defend it when it is challenged. The basic form of the argumentation process is described using a three-component model which consists of the argument itself, the justified opinion and the warrant represented by the relationship between the previous components allowing the “plausibility transfer” from the argument to the disputed opinion (cf. Toulmin 2003). The article also deals with the conditions that must be met by convincing arguments, with stable content schemes of argumentation (topoi), and it seeks to answer the question of what the rationality of argumentation is based on, i.e. what the sources of its plausibility are.
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