Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 17

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  longevity
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
The changing demography and the progress in medicine, pharmacy, undertaking preventive actions, allow a wider group of people reach the age of aging, and even a longevity. Unparalleled in the human history number of people will reach and exceed the ninetieth and hundredth year of life. Therefore the main aim of this study was to determine the level of the sense of the quality of life for generations of 90+ and comparing it with the sense of the quality of life for people in earlier stages of aging (75–89, 60–74). The sense of the quality of life was defined as a multidimensional occurence, including four main spheres of man’s functioning: psychophisical, psychosocial, subjective and metaphisical (spiritual).
EN
Various explanations for longevity and mortality differences have been repeatedly tested and discussed in the context of worldwide population ageing. This study contributes to this field of research by testing the potential of resilience as a capacity to adapt in the face of adversity through individual and social resources and is the first European study to investigate how resilience predicts survival in later life. Panel data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe are used to determine the predictors of survival among people over the age of 75 between waves 1, 2, 4, and 5. The results of a multilevel logistic regression show that resilience is a strong predictor of survival among the oldest old and that this is true even when controlling for the amount and severity of adversity. Resilience is found on its own to be a stronger predictor of survival in women, while the amount and severity of adversity is more important in men. Resilience is therefore found to be an important factor in longevity and survival in later life and the stronger effect of resilience in women can partly explain the ‘gender paradox’. To sum up, resilience is observed to be protective against decease, especially through the use of social resources, which are stronger among women and which are not measured in most traditionally used resilience scales.
EN
Objectives: The aim of this review was to explain the literature about the association between physical activity and longevity. Methods: The search was carried out in all databases of Web of Science and in all years (1900-2020), until December 31, 2020. The search term was “physical activity longevity” and the search was restricted to title. The inclusion criteria for papers were: 1. Type: Original papers. 2. Language: English. 3. Sample: Human participants. 4. Measures: Longevity and physical activity. Findings: A total of 52 papers were found. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 15 papers of these 52 papers were included in this review. The 15 studies found that physical activity have a positive impact on longevity. Conclusions: Physical activity can extend longevity and delay mortality. Future studies should focus on explaining the influence of different types of physical activities on longevity and identifying potential mechanisms. Public health strategies should be implemented to increase the physical activity levels of the population.
PL
Starszy człowiek niejako na naszych oczach stał się przedstawicielem jednej z najliczniejszych grup ludności współczesnego świata. Rozpatrując w związku ztym zjawiskiem zagadnienie starości, oscyluje się przeważnie pomiędzy dwoma poglądami. Jeden z nich głosi, że starość jest cechą typowo ludzką, która pojawia się w niezbyt odległym od nas okresie dzięki poprawie warunków życia oraz postępowi wiedzy. Drugi zakłada, że żyjący wcześniej starsi ludzie nie pojawiali się jako odrębna kategoria społeczna, ponieważ utożsamiało się ich z ogółem dorosłych. Niezależnie od tego, jaką wersję przyjmiemy, okres, który nazywamy starością, jest obecnie powszechnie dostępną dla większości osób częścią życia człowieka. Okresem, który zwykle nas nie zadowala, choć jest równie istotny i cenny jak dzieciństwo, okres dojrzewania lub młodości. Celem niniejszego artykułu przeglądowego jest próba zachęcenia czytelnika do zainteresowania się zagadnieniem wieku sędziwego poprzez przedstawienie zarysu losów oraz obrazów starości w kontekście wybranych społeczeństw.
EN
Longitudinal studies of aging concerning individuals with comparable lifestyle, diet, health profile, socioeconomic status, and income remain extraordinarily rare. The purposes of our ongoing project are as follows: (i) to collect extensive data on biological and medical aspects of aging in the Polish population, (ii) to determine factors affecting the rate and course of aging, (iii) to understand how aging unfolds as a dynamic and malleable process in ontogeny, and (iv) to find novel predictors of longevity. Our investigation followed 142 physically healthy asylum inmates, including 68 males and 74 females, for at least 25 years from the age of 45 years onward. Cross-sectional assessment involved 225 inmates, including 113 males and 112 females. All the patients lived for a very long time under similar and good environmental conditions at the hospital in Cibórz, Lubuskie Province. They maintained virtually the same daily schedule and lifestyle. The rate and direction of changes with age in selected anthropometric and physiological traits were determined using ANOVA, t-test, and regression analysis. There were sex differences in the rate and pattern of age-related changes in certain characteristics such as relative weight, red blood cell count, monocyte count, thymol turbidity value, systolic blood pressure, and body temperature. Body weight, the body mass index (BMI), and total bilirubin level increased with advancing age, while body height decreased with age in both sexes. In conclusion, the aging process was associated with many regressive alterations in biological traits in both sexes but the rate and pattern of these changes depended on biological factors such as age and sex. There were only few characteristics which did not change significantly during the period under study. On the basis of comparison between the pattern of longitudinal changes with aging and the pattern of cross-sectional changes with age in the analyzed traits, we were able to predict which pattern of changes is associated with longer lifespan.
XX
Introduction: Osteopathy is a manual healthcare practice which has its roots in alternative and complementary medicine. The last thirty years have seen significant political, educational and professional developments in osteopathy in the UK. Against this changing landscape, perhaps it is not surprising that only 8% of the profession are over 60. However to take Antonovsky’s salutogenic approach , the question is not so much why most osteopaths retire, but why some do not. Purpose: To explore the perceptions and experiences of a group of osteopaths who remain in practice past state retirement age. Materials and methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven mature osteopaths. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to analyse the data. A brief validated personality questionnaire was also completed to derive trait characteristics of the group. Results: Four themes emerged, with Finance and Health represented thus supporting existing literature. Career as a theme was strongly evident, with sub-themes of autonomy, generativity, helping others, success, relationships and regulation also apparent. The last theme Self, incorporated identity, interests, personal relationships and perceptions of work and retirement. Personality profiles were in line with those expected of contented employees and longevity, but at odds with the osteopathic profession as a whole. Conclusion: Making sense of ‘not retiring’ is completely coherent for mature osteopaths who enjoy career satisfaction, good health, and high self-esteem. Whilst, for the most part, they have financial and social ‘buffers’ to cope with retirement, it is their choice to remain in work, beyond the retirement age.
PL
W ciągu ostatnich sześciu dekad poprawa warunków życia oraz rozwój medycyny wydłużyły przewidywany w dniu urodzenia czas życia ludzkiego o prawie 25 lat. Dłuższy czasu życia nie idzie jednak w parze z utrzymaniem dobrego stanu zdrowia w wieku podeszłym. Starzenie jest nieuniknionym procesem dotykającym każdego człowieka. Z medycznego punktu widzenia opóźnienie procesu starzenia może przynieść wymierne korzyści. Szczególnie istotne wydaje się utrzymanie dobrego stanu zdrowia w wieku podeszłym. Ze względu na ogrom opublikowanych ostatnio informacji dotyczących tematu pracy, skupiono się w niej na podłożu genetycznym opisywanych zjawisk – starzenia i jego opóźnionego przebiegu. Zarówno badania nad długowiecznymi gatunkami zwierząt, jak i doświadczenia prowadzone w typowych modelach zwierzęcych wskazują, że istotną rolę w starzeniu i długowieczności odgrywają geny odpowiedzialne za naprawę DNA, stabilność genomu, odpowiedź organizmu na stres, a także kodujące białka uczestniczące w regulacji metabolizmu komórki. Obserwacje te znajdują częściowo potwierdzenie w analizie genomu ludzi żyjących 100 lat i dłużej, z drugiej zaś strony w badaniach zespołów przedwczesnego starzenia, czyli progerii.
EN
Over the past six decades the development of medicine and improvements in living conditions have extended the life expectancy by almost 25 years; however, longer life does not go hand in hand with prolonged health span. Aging is an unavoidable process affecting everyone and from a medical point of view, delaying the aging process can bring noticeable benefits. It is especially important to maintain good health in the elderly. Due to the vast number of articles published on the topic, this publication focuses on the genetic background of aging and its delayed course. Both studies on long-lived animal species and typical animal models have shown an important role of genes that code for proteins in response to stress, DNA repair, genomic stability, and nutrient-sensing signalling pathways in aging and longevity. These observations are partially confirmed by the genetic analysis of people living 100 years and more, as well as people suffering from human premature aging-like syndromes.
EN
Aging is currently stimulating intense interest of both researchers and the general public. In developed countries, the average life expectancy has increased by roughly 30 years within the last century, and human senescence has been delayed by around a decade. Although aging is arguably the most familiar aspect of human biology, its proximate and ultimate causes have not been elucidated fully and understood yet. Nowadays there are two main approaches to the ultimate causes of aging. These are deterministic and stochastic models. The proximate theories constitute a distinct group of explanations. They focus on mechanistic causes of aging. In this view, there is no reason to believe that there is only one biological mechanism responsible for aging. The aging process is highly complex and results from an accumulation of random molecular damage. Currently, the disposable soma theory (DST), proposed by Thomas Kirkwood, is the most influential and coherent line of reasoning in biogerontology. This model does not postulate any particular mechanism underpinning somatic defense. Therefore, it is compatible with various models, including mechanistic and evolutionary explanations. Recently, however, an interesting theory of hyper-function of mTOR as a more direct cause of aging has been formulated by Mikhail Blagosklonny, offering an entirely different approach to numerous problems and paradoxes in current biogerontology. In this view, aging is quasi-programmed, which means that it is an aimless continuation of developmental growth. This mTOR-centric model allows the prediction of completely new relationships. The aim of this article is to present and compare the views of both parties in the dispute, based on the results of some recent experimental studies, and the contemporary knowledge of selected major aspects of human aging and longevity
EN
Introduction: The article presents a selected part of an analysis of health- and lifestyle-related determinants of the longevity of male residents of the city of Łódź. The WHO strategy for the European region assumes that the term ‘lifestyle' refers to the way of life based on the association between conditions of life understood in a broad sense and individual patterns of behaviour determined by socio-cultural factors and individual features. On this basis, the aim of this study is to identify the multiple statistical relationships on the mortality of men living in Łódź, particularly the influence of the following variables on the probability of survival: age, subjective health assessment, nutritional habits, alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking. Materials and Methods: The study sample (1004 respondents) was selected, and the study was carried out, based on the standards of the CINDI WHO Programme. The investigations included socio-demographic data, health status, lifestyle and anthropometric measurements. Results: From the results of the first- study performed in Poland of the longevity of men with identified risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, it has been found that: 1) Tobacco smoking has a negative influence on male longevity; 2) Alcohol consumed in moderate amounts favours male longevity; 3) The level of physical activity observed among the studied men was too low to affect longevity; 4) A diet rich in fish and consumption of yellow cheese are positive predictors of longevity, while additional use of table salt at meals and consumption of sweets (cakes) are negative ones. Conclusions: Risky lifestyles and a reluctance to abandon them are responsible for a shorter lifespan among men in Poland. Reducing this difference between women and men is a real challenge for public health professionals and preventive medicine specialists.
EN
According to demographers, percentage of seniors who have a chance to live for a hundred years still increases. These predictions force us to the reflection about raising the quality of aging by promoting a model of successful aging. Experts in this area are certainly the oldest citizens who with their life prove that living in old age can be satisfying. The article presents studies conducted among centenarians. The research concerned the phenomenonof longevity. The life-extending factors were also analyzed. The frame for theoretical assumptions are statements of centenarians on the principles of successful aging. A case study method based on press sources was applied.
11
63%
EN
Novel terms have been introduced in gerontology, reflecting new or newly observed phenomena. „SuperAging“ is one of those terms. This text introduces its content to the readers in the main areas of interest: 1) societal view of sociology and demography, 2) neuropsychology and cognitive ageing of individuals. Our goal is to make the aspects of SuperAgeing familiar to Czech psychologists.
CS
V posledních letech se můžeme v gerontologické literatuře setkat s novými termíny reflektujícím jevy nové či nově sledované. Mezi tyto termíny patří tzv. „SuperAging“. Tato stať seznamuje čtenáře s obsahem termínu ve dvou hlavních souvislostech: 1) v rámci společnosti – sociologie a demografie, 2) v rámci neuropsychologie a kognitivního stárnutí jedinců. Cílem je rozšířit tyto pojmy a jejich obsah mezi českou psychologickou­ obec.
PL
Proces starzenia się ludności to zjawisko o dualnym charakterze, w którego ramach szczególnie szybko wzrasta liczba osób bardzo starych, tj. w wieku 80 plus. Celem niniejszego tekstu jest przedstawienie przyczyn i przebiegu wzrostu liczby osób w czwartym wieku w Polsce w trakcie ostatniego stulecia oraz długookresowych konsekwencji tych zmian. Szczególna rola przypisana została prezentacji społeczno-demograficznych charakterystyk tej podzbiorowości, z uwzględnieniem subpopulacji stulatków, z uwagi na specyfikę potrzeb osób bardzo starych.
EN
Population ageing is a demographic phenomenon described as one with dual character – increase in number and percentage of older people is accompanied by very rapid increase in numbers of people aged 80 and more. The article is to present reasons, progress, and long-term consequences of the increase in numbers of the oldest old in Poland. Special attention will be paid to presentation basic socio-demographic characteristics of the subpopulation – with focus on centenarians – due to specificity of needs of the population under study.
13
Content available remote

Aktywność edukacyjna kobiet w wieku 90+

63%
EN
The paper focuses on the education of women over 90 years old, referred to as long-lived people. An attempt was made to indicate the determinants of undertaking learning activities of those women and barriers they encounter. The research was conducted in a qualitative paradigm using a focused interview. The study group consisted of 10 women over 90. The main research problem was formulated in the question: ‘What is the learning activity of women over 90?’
PL
W artykule skoncentrowano się na edukacji kobiet po 90 roku życia, określanych jako osoby długowieczne. Podjęto próbę wskazania determinant podejmowania aktywności edukacyjnej i barier, które sprzyjają ograniczeniu zaangażowania w omawianą formę aktywności. Badania przeprowadzono w paradygmacie jakościowym z wykorzystaniem wywiadu fokusowego. Badaną grupę stanowiło 10 kobiet powyżej 90 roku życia. Główny problem badawczy został zawarty w pytaniu: Jak przedstawia się aktywność edukacyjna kobiet w wieku 90+?
EN
The elderly are currently becoming one of the subjects of a global culture. As a consequence of a substantial increase in the number of individuals belonging to this age-group, the social status of the elderly is constantly growing. This change has resulted in science “re-accustoming” with the issue of the old age, and the culture has been promoting its new and medially attractive quality. This article analyzes the relevance of the stereotypes and prejudices conditioning the quality of life among the elderly. The authors discuss the new challenges resulting from the demographic revolution that is taking place right now. The examples employed here are to facilitate turning the theory of active aging in a friendly environment into practice. Nevertheless, the authors are aware that this change will not be an easy or a swift process.
15
63%
PL
Natchnieni autorzy Pisma Świętego w pierwszej kolejności przypisują mądrość samemu Bogu. Dotyczy to głównie dzieła stworzenia świata i człowieka. Mądrość ludzka z kolei stanowi Boży dar, o który ciągle trzeba prosić Stwórcę. Przykład takiej ufnej modlitwy o mądrość zostawił nam król Salomon, który nie prosił Boga o długie życie, bogactwo, czy o zgubę swoich nieprzyjaciół, ale o serce pełne rozsądku – w celu sądzenia i rozróżniania dobra od zła. Ta ludzka mądrość dotyczy głównie osób dojrzałych i starszych, ale to wcale nie znaczy, że jest ona zarezerwowana tylko i wyłącznie dla tych ludzi. Owa mądrość przejawia się przede wszystkim w pobożności, przestrzeganiu nakazów Prawa i bojaźni Bożej. Człowiek mądry może się także poszczycić wiedzą i bogatym doświadczeniem życiowym, dlatego to właśnie takie osoby dzieliły się swoją mądrością z innymi ludźmi (szczególnie z młodym pokoleniem), a gdy zaszła taka potrzeba – sądziły i doradzały. Starcy – odznaczający się mądrością – cieszyli się autorytetem i wielkim szacunkiem, a ich nagrodą była długowieczność i żywa pamięć wśród następnych pokoleń.
EN
The article shows what inspired the authors of Scripture in the first place to attribute wisdom to God alone. This mainly concerns the creation of the world and man. It also points to human wisdom, which is God's gift, of which there is still a need to ask the Creator. King Solomon left us an example of such trusting prayer for wisdom. He did not ask God for a long life, wealth, or the destruction of his enemies, but for a heart full of common sense – in order to judge and discern good and evil. This human wisdom applies primarily to mature and older people, but that does not mean that it is reserved only for them. That wisdom manifests itself primarily in piety, observance of the precepts and fear of God. A wise man can also boast extensive knowledge and life experience, because he can share his wisdom with other people (especially the young generation), and when the need arises he can think and advise. Old men – distinguished by wisdom – enjoyed great authority and respect, and the reward for their longevity and life was a living memory for future generations.
EN
The unexpected death of a young man is not meaningless to a Christian. Although in the Old Testament, longevity was regarded as a consequence of a good life, God’s reward for executing justice (see e.g. Ex 20:12; Dt 5:16.33; 11:8.21; Si 1:12.20), the Bible teaches about the relative value of life on the earth and blessing of the deceased young servants of God (see e.g. Si 18:8-10; Ws 1:6.8; 2.1.6.21-23; 3:1-3.9-11).Sudden death was considered as a God’s punishment (see e.g. Num 11:1; 14:37; 16:21.31-35; Dt 28:20; Ps 78:33; Jr 28:17; Ezk 11:13). The temporal prosperity of sinners is an expression of God’s patience, who calls for conversion and will judge everyone (Ml 2:17–3.2.14-20).Christ calls us to be ready to meet him (Matthew 24:42-44; Luke 12:39; Mt 25:13; 24:45-51; Luke 12:41-48). Just as nobody except the Father in heaven knows the moment of the second coming of Christ (Mark 13:28-37), so no one knows the moment of his death. The apostles encourage perseverance, vigilance, and trustful expectation of the end of earthly life, which is only a stage on the way to God (see Acts 20:28-31; Ephesians 6:18-20; Colossians 4:2; 1 Th 5:5-8; 2Tm 4:5; Heb 13:17; 1 P 5:8; Rv 3:3; 16:15; Ph 3:12-14; 2 Tm 4:6-8; Rm 14:8). We trust that many of our young deceased can already enjoy the reward for their good lives and works.
PL
Fenomen długowieczności jest zagadnieniem, które stanowi tajemnicę, fascynuje i budzi niepokój. Jak podają statystyki GUS, żyjemy coraz dłużej. Jednakże na tle innych badań z obszaru starzenia się i starości badania nad stulatkami i dziewięćdziesięciolatkami są ciągle rzadkością. Ogólne, stereotypowe wyobrażenie na temat starości, a jeszcze bardziej długowieczności nie jest łączone z uczeniem się. Długowieczność postrzegana jest bardziej jako okres bierności. Zgadzam się, że jest on wyzwaniem, ale jest też okresem, do którego przygotowujemy się całe życie. Artykuł porusza zagadnienie długowieczności, która zależy zarówno od genów, jak i stylu życia. Celem artykułu jest uchwycenie indywidualnych doświadczeń procesu starzenia oraz osiągania długowieczności w kontekście biograficznego uczenia się. Przedmiotem poszukiwań badawczych jest historia życia stuletniej kobiety mieszkającej w małej społeczności lokalnej z perspektywy auto/biograficznej. Artykuł składa się z dwóch części: pierwsza jest teoretyczno-metodologiczna, a druga to empiryczna, która prezentuje analizę historii życia stuletniej kobiety.
EN
The phenomenon of longevity is still a mystery for it both fascinates and causes concern. According to the Central Statistical Office, we live longer. However, in comparison to other studies on senescence and old age, there is scarcity of research on centenarians and nonagenarians. The notions of old age and longevity are not connected with learning. Generally, longevity is related to passivity. The author agrees that it is challenging; however, people prepare themselves for this period during their lifetime. Thus, the aim of the article is to discuss longevity as dependent on genes and lifestyle. The article aims to capture individual experiences of aging and achieving longevity by taking into consideration the context of biographical learning. The subject of the research is life story of a hundred-year-old woman living in a small local community, presented from the auto/biographic perspective. The article consists of two parts: the first is theoretical and methodological, the second is empirical where the analysis of life story of hundred-year-old woman is presented.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.