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K vývoji pomístních jmen na Opavsku od druhé světové války:

100%
Balhar J.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
305-313
EN
The paper deals with the development of anoikonyms in four villages in the Opava region following the expulsion of citizens of German nationality, after land consolidation in individual four co-operative farms and then after the integration of these originally independent farms into one great agricultural unit. Special attention is paid to the usage of the anoikonyms at present, when large (up to one hundred hectares) tracts of land were formed and when only a fragment of the former number of people works in agriculture. These are mainly tractor drivers, servismen, leading organization workers. The number of people who need the anoikonyms in their communication is therefore very limited. Among others, the author answers the question which names are given to the new pieces of land by the remaining private farmers. Special attention is paid to the names of forests and meadows. Also the question is dealt with how the new anoikonyms preserve the phonologic and morphologic character of local dialects. The author comes to the conclusion that at present, only a negligible number of old tract names is being used and that the new anoikonyms are formed according to one model: the two-word prepositional names using both the personal names indicating farmhouses of the respective persons, and the important orientation points.
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Pomístní jména odvozená od osobních jmen v kontextu onomastickém a dialektologickém - na materiálu Slovníku pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

100%
Kloferová S.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
106-139
EN
The paper deals with anoikonyms derived from personal names by a suffix (the structure types Bartoš + -ka, Bartoš + -ovka, Bartoš + -ovec, Bartoš + -ovice etc.). The first part of the paper presents their onomastic characteristics: it pays attention to their word-forming structure, motivation, frequency, eventually productivity of certain structure types; also information on their geographic distribution is added. Selectively also those anoikonyms are presented which are hard to explain. The second part compares the onymic maps (maps of some structure types) with dialect maps (especially the maps of the so called bundles of isoglosses contained in the Czech Linguistic Atlas). Mutual interconnections of the onymic and dialect areas are explored.
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Znalost pomístních jmen v Rosicích:

100%
Ireinová M.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
247-268
EN
Within an extensive research of anoikonyms in Moravia and Silesia, the anoikonyms from Rosice were collected. The article presents results of investigation carried on among 17 representatives of all generations of the residents of Rosice in the autumn of 2009. The aim was to ascertain whether the anoikonyms recorded in 1965 are still (in 2009) known and actively used. The representatives of the oldest generation acknowledged the familiarity of the largest number of anoikonyms, whereas the representatives of the youngest generation knew only a few of them (in some cases they use a certain anoikonym for a different object than in 1965, see e. g. anoikonyms Rococháč, Štěpnice, U Svaté Trojice).
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Znalost pomístních jmen v Jemnici a Lhoticích:

100%
Konečná H.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
269-299
EN
Within an extensive survey of anoikonyms in Moravia and Silesia, their list was made in Lhotice in 1969 and in Jemnice in 1974. The aim of the new comparative research, carried out in August 2009, was to find out in which degree the collected names were preserved in the memory of the representatives of three generations of the current population in both localities, whether they still use the anoikonyms in communication and in identification of the objects. From the original set of the names, mainly agronyms were not preserved in the memory of the respondents; nowadays, less people work in farming and forestry then forty years ago. Newly recorded names denominate especially places and local parts.
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Jilm v pomístních jménech na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

100%
Hlubinková Z.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
181-188
EN
The item focuses on appearance of names of the elmtree in Moravan and Silesian anoikonyms. Next to the anoikonyms coming from the noun jilm (e.g. Jilmík, Jilmová), also the names coming from original Slavic names of this tree were recorded: vaz (e. g. Vazová) and břest (e. g. Břestek, Břístí). The anoikonyms coming from the noun břest seem to be typical for Moravia and Silesia (see the maps No. 1–3).
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Základ býk- v pomístních jménech na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

84%
Konečná H.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
189-201
EN
The anoikonymic material from the area of Moravia and Silesia comprises approx. 300 anoikonyms containing the lexeme býk or derivations from the basis býk-/býč-. The first part of the article focuses on the motivational resources of the anoikonyms with the basis býk-/býč-, the second part deals with their geographical distribution, the third part presents the complete enumeration of recorded forms of anoikonyms and denominated objects. In the third part, the author also gives a description of individual types of anoikonyms and their dialect forms.
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Ke konstrukci heslových slov ve Slovníku pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

84%
Čižmárová L.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
94-105
EN
The paper summarizes the hitherto results of the work on the Dictionary of Moravian and Silesian Anoikonyms (DMSA), explains the causes of the problems relating to the headword construction (the DMSA is a dictionary of entries, not of individual anoikonyms; Czech is a language featuring the homonymy of morphological characteristics of flexible words; the information leading to the construction of a “basic” form of the headword is often missing) and presents a set of universal rules to construct headwords of the DMSA; one or another of these rules should be applicable for all anoikonyms or their collections which are ranged in individual entries. The process of headword construction engages a changing degree of abstraction depending on the make-up of the entries (one-name entries containing one-word anoikonyms or more-word ones; more-name entries; the structure type and grammatical, dialectal and other characteristics of listed anoikonyms).
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Konfrontace znalosti pomístních jmen v Jemnici, Rosicích a Lhoticích:

84%
Ireinová M., Konečná H.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
299-304
EN
In this paper, the authors compare the results they came to during the research of the knowledge of the anoikonyms amongst the representatives of three generations in three Moravian localities (Rosice, Jemnice, Lhotice). The individual generations gradually loose the awarness of the anoikonyms gathered in 1960s and 1970s. From the original set of them, the oldest respondents do not know approximately 25 %, the middle generation 50 % and the youngest generation 75 % of the names. Also new names relating to a new way of life were recorded. The anoikonyms are therefore a lasting part of the everyday communication, but their collection is not constant – it is variable and reflects the communicative needs of the language users.
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Využití údajů ze "Slovníku staročeských osobních jmen" Jana Svobody při výkladu místních jmen z území Čech

84%
Olivová-Nezbedová L.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
167-172
EN
In the individual entries of his typewritten "Dictionary of Old Czech personal names", J. Svoboda registers also place names, from which the individual personal names are formed. He reconstructs a considerable number of Old Czech personal names from place names. Place names are gained from A. Profous’s work "Place names in Bohemia" and some other works. He often provides an interpretation different from Profous’s opinion or Šmilauer’s interpretation included in the "System of Czech place names", worked out on the basis of the Profous’s work. Svoboda’s dictionary adduces also some place names and some place name records not at all included in the Profous’s work. It will be therefore necessary to present the different interpretations and add the missing place names and place name records in a future new edition of Profous’s "Place names in Bohemia", the need of which was pointed out by V. Šmilauer as early as in 1975.
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Vybrané aspekty pomístních jmen Moravy a Slezska s etymonem hrad-/hrád-:

67%
Čornejová M.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
151-180
EN
The article focuses on the basis characterization of anoikonyms occurring in registers form Moravia and Silesia, containing the etymon hrad-/hrád- and deals in detail with several specific features of selected names. The analyzed names are divided into three groups, whose members are mutually linked from the viewpoint of the relation between the motivation and the resulting names: I. names HRADISKO, HRADIŠTĚ, HRADIŠŤKO // HRADÍŠŤKO, HRADIŠTĚK // HRADÍŠTĚK, HRADIŠTEČKA, HRADÍŠEK, HRADISEK; HRADÍŠTKOVÝ, HRADISKÝ, HRADIŠTNÝ, HRADIŠŤSKÝ; HRADIŠŤÁK; II. names HRAD, HRÁDEK, HRADEC, HRADOVÝ, HRÁDECKÝ, HRÁDKOVÝ, HRÁDEČNÁ; III. names HRADČANY // RAČANY, HRADČANSKÝ. The article also deals with the relationship between archaeology and toponomastics, analyzing the motivating component of the names concerned and paying attention also to dialectal features reflected by the material as well as to geographical location of some types of the names.
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Po stopách dobytka a drůbeže v pomístních jménech na Moravě a v české části Slezska:

67%
Spinková S.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
202-224
EN
The author presents the results of her comparison of the designations of paths (tracks) braten by cattle or sheep as well as the designations of the runs (outlets, paddocks) for the respective animals. She focuses on the anoikonymy of Moravia and the Czech part of Silesia but takes account of the situation in Bohemia and Slovakia, too.
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Heraldická reprezentace obce a nevědecká etymologie toponym

67%
David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Národopisný věstník
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2022
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vol. 63
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issue 2
355-366
EN
The study deals with the non-scientific (folk, popular) etymology of toponyms, specifically settlement place names, and its reflection in contemporary municipal heraldry. The aim is to incorporate the situation when the interpretation of a place name motivates the image of a municipal emblem into the general principles of the process labelled as “exteriorization” of the place name. It is the process in which the etymology of a proper name motivates the emergence of an object, most often a two-dimensional, pictorial, or three-dimensional one. The process is illustrated with the analysis of justifications of new municipal emblems of 159 selected communities in the total of 12 Czech districts that were created and approved in the period of 1990−2021. The research showed that 72 % of the examined emblems regarded as canting arms are based on the scientific etymology of place names, while 26 % are based on the respective folk etymologies.
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Polná - a toponym that has become a symbol

67%
Dvořáková Ž.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
24-35
EN
In our minds, many toponyms are connected with important historical or mythical events. This paper is focused on the toponym Polná and some proper names related to this town. Polná was one of many small sleepy towns in the Vysočina region. Everything changed with the murder of Anežka Hrůzová in 1899. The rumours of a “ritual murder” spread and the local Jew Leopold Hilsner was charged with the crime. It was the beginning of a great anti-Semitic hysteria and Polná became the most watched place in the monarchy. The whole affair was publicized in our country and abroad. After more than 100 years the city of Polná is still associated with this murder, the Hilsner Affair and the tragic judicial error. It became a part of the common knowledge and culture of Czech people. The history is still alive and projected into the image of the town. At the scene of the act (called U Anežky) there is a symbolic grave which is often visited by tourists and by Czech nationalists. On the town square we can go for lunch at U Hilsnera Restaurant. Nearby we can find a former Jewish ghetto still unofficially called Židák (Žid = ‘Jew’) even though no Jews live here today.
CS
Mnoho toponym si v mysli spojujeme s důležitými historickými nebo mytologickými událostmi. Tento příspěvek je zaměřen na toponymum Polná a některá pomístní jména spjatá s tímto městem. Polná byla malé, ospalé městečko na Vysočině. Vše se změnilo vraždou Anežky Hrůzové v roce 1899. Začaly se šířit spekulace o „rituální vraždě“ a ze zločinu byl obviněn místní židovský mladík Leopold Hilsner. Tak začala veliká antisemitská hysterie a Polná se stala jedním z nejsledovanějších míst tehdejší monarchie. Celá aféra byla medializována u nás i v cizině. Po více než 100 letech je město Polná stále asociováno s touto vraždou, Hilsnerem a tragickým justičním omylem. Stala se součástí české všeobecné encyklopedie a kultury. Historie je stále živá a projektuje se do „image“ města. Místo činu (zvané U Anežky), kde je symbolický hrob, je často navštěvováno turisty i českými nacionalisty. Na náměstí si můžeme zajít na oběd do restaurace U Hilsnera. A nedaleko leží bývalé židovské ghetto, stále neoficiálně nazývané Židák, i když tu dnes žádní židé nežijí.
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Basque toponymy in the New World

67%
Chesnokova O., Bolotina K., Talavera-Ibarra P. L.
Acta onomastica
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2017
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vol. 58
53-62
CS
Autoři zkoumají baskickou toponymii vyskytující se na mapách Spojených států, Kanady a Latinské Ameriky. Přibližně 50 místních jmen uváděných v článku bylo vybráno vzhledem k jejich jazykovo-kulturní, geografické, asociační a honorifikační hodnotě. Užitá metodologie zahrnuje historickou, jazykovou a sémiotickou analýzu, která ukazuje, že baskická toponymie představuje v čase a prostoru zcela jedinečný jev. Vzhledem k tomu, že mnoho moderních výzkumů (např. Loewen, Bakker, Igartua, Zabaltza) se soustřeďuje na dějiny baskičtiny, je nezbytné zkoumat baskický vliv na ostatní jazyky a kultury a baskickou toponymii analyzovat na základě jazykových kontaktů. Analýza baskické toponymie mimo původní baskické území odhaluje pozoruhodný historický vývoj baskičtiny a baskické komunity. V toponymickém dědictví Nového světa se nacházejí kupříkladu kalková toponyma, toponymické aluze a deantroponymická toponyma připomínající Basky. Baskická místní jména v Novém světě navíc obsahují jak vrstvu výrazů, které se shodují s lexikálními jednotkami, jež jsou jejich základem, tak odlišnou vrstvu, která byla transformována jazykovými kontakty s dominantními jazyky. Baskické toponymické aluze mohou být explicitní i implicitní; ve většině případů však jde o deantroponymická toponyma, která mohou být rozpoznána prostřednictvím baskických onomastických modelů příjmení. Systematizace baskické toponymie v Novém světě představuje tedy pro moderní onomastiku i obecnou/aplikovanou lingvistiku zajímavý a neobvyklý počin a zároveň východisko pro vytvoření typologie odrážející rozmanité typy baskického onomastického dědictví.
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Settlement names referring to Czech settlers in medieval Hungary

67%
Rácz A.
Acta onomastica
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2023
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vol. 64
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issue 1
157-171
EN
There are no Hungarian written sources from the time preceding the Conquest. Latin-language written culture in Hungary emerged with the establishment of the Kingdom of Hungary in the Carpathian Basin (in 1000 with the coronation of St. Stephen) and the conversion to Christianity. The early Latin (less frequently Greek) written sources created at this time (charters, chronicles, etc.) contain Hungarian words and expressions only sporadically and they were mostly proper names designating places. These, however, due to their early appearance and low number have proved to be truly valuable in studies of historical linguistics. Historical studies also greatly rely on the conclusions drawn from them when exploring the early history of Hungarians and they attempt to describe the ethnic and population history of the contemporary Carpathian Basin also in consideration of the results of historical linguistics concerning the semantic and etymological features of names and their origin. In this respect, the settlement names rooted in ethnonyms have a key role as they also shed light on relations between Hungarians and other peoples. In this paper, I study those settlement names that may refer to Western Slavic settlers designated by the cseh ethnonym in medieval Hungarian language.
CS
Z doby před dobytím neexistují žádné maďarsky psané památky. Písemné památky zaznamenané v latině se objevily v době založení maďarského království v Panonské pánvi (r. 1000 korunovace sv. Štěpána) a konverze ke křesťanství. Rané latinsky (a méně často také řecky) psané prameny vytvořené v tomto období (listiny, kroniky apod.) obsahují maďarská slova a výrazy pouze sporadicky a většinou se jedná o vlastní jména označující místa. To se ovšem s ohledem na jejich stáří a malý počet ukázalo být opravdu cenné pro historicko-lingvistický výzkum. Historické vědy na jejich závěry spoléhají při studiu rané historie Maďarů a také do značné míry usilují o popis vývoje etnicity a osídlení v současné Panonské pánvi v souladu s výsledky historické jazykovědy. V tomto ohledu hrají místní jména vycházející z etnonym klíčovou roli, protože napomáhají vysvětlovat vztahy mezi Maďary a dalšími národy. V tomto článku jsou zkoumána místní jména, která mohou odkazovat k západoslovanským osadníkům, kteří byli označováni ve středověké maďarštině etnonymem cseh.
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Diftongizace ý > ej u českých oikonym

59%
Šimečková M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
199-207
EN
The paper is focused on territorial spread of the ý > ej diphthongisation as a specific phonetic phenomenon of the Czech language. The analysis is based on old oikonyms excerpted from two main Czech toponomastic lexicons. The research shows that 1) the earliest orthographic evidence for the ý diphthongisation appears in the thirteenth century, nevertheless some cases are uncertain as they may reflect German pronunciation (oikonyms as Tejn, Tejnec); 2) since the sixteenth century, ej (or monophthongised é) has occurred in oikonyms in historic Bohemia and western and central Moravia, other regions (most of Moravia and Silesia) have preserved oikonymic forms with the etymological ý; 3) a rare evidence for the ej in eastern Moravia and Silesia indicates that in earlier periods of the language development, the ej was a part of cultural language; 4) the first evidence for the diphthongisation of the „soft“ í has been registered since the sixteenth century and it is limited to a small number of oikonyms; 5) the diphthongisation has been based on intralingual causes of the Czech language, it is not a result of imitation of the German language development.
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