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Czy kryzys Finansowy przyczynia się do kryzysu w naukach ekonomicznych?

100%
Kwaśnicki W.
Studia Ekonomiczne (Economic Studies)
|
2009
|
issue 3-4(62-63)
239-254
EN
It was pointed out that the crisis in economics is observed mainly in the mainstream economics. Important feature of the current crisis is the mutual accusation of different schools of the mainstream economics and radicalization of expressed opinions. Majority of economists agree that the abuse of mathematics in economic analysis is one of possible cause of current economics’ crises. It seems that the crisis situation of economics is observed in the last thirty years and the current crisis belongs to that long-term trend. Increasing willingness of general public (especially among young generation) for self-education in economics is an important effect of current financial crises.
2
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Dydaktyczne znaczenie ekonomii instytucjonalnej, jako nurtu ukazującego rolę moralności w życiu gospodarczym

100%
Fjałkowski K.
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
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2009
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vol. 12
|
issue 2
EN
In the paper a thesis is stated that institutional economics presents considerable support for business ethics teaching. The assumptions of main-stream economics eliminated the problems of morality in economic life. The dominance of neo-classical economics in economic studies curricula contributes to the social opinion that business is deprived of moral dimensions. From this point of view, it is argued that business ethicists should be more interested in institutional economics. Some institutionalists see economics close to social moral philosophy and claim that a normative approach in economics is natural and necessary. The questions of aims and economic morality are integral parts of many institutional research agendas. Especially the New Institutional Economics has developed tools that enable formalization and empirical verification of theories of morality in business. Institutional economics enriches the theoretical and empirical context of business ethics teaching.
3
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What Economists are to learn from the Economic Crisis?

100%
Żylicz T.
Studia Ekonomiczne (Economic Studies)
|
2009
|
issue 3-4(62-63)
157-162
EN
The paper discusses whether the current economic downturn calls for a “major rethinking” of economic theory. While it could have shocked some economists and prompted them to revise their views, it have not contradicted what modern economics – especially microeconomics – contains. Contemporary mainstream economics has been heavily influenced by so-called Industrial Organization which analyzes how economic agents co-operate in order to reach their objectives, and whether any optimality criteria are met in this process. Thus, for well-trained economists, it is not surprising that firm managers may not act in the interest of shareholders, or banks may consistently miscalculate the risk of financial operations. Also the 2009 Nobel Prize nominations suggest that the mainstream economics does not need to be revised in response to the turmoil in global financial markets. On the contrary, both Elinor Ostrom and Oliver Williamson’s works are deeply rooted in standard economic theories, and they prove that these theories, when confronted with empirical evidence, can convincingly explain development patterns. An open question, however, remains how to promote in the real world all the efficiency-enhancing solutions developed by economists.
4
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Inequality in Economics: The Concept, Perception, Types, and Driving Forces

100%
Jabłoński Ł.
Central European Management Journal
|
2019
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vol. 27(1)
17-43
EN
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to overview the research on inequalities in economics. The paper is based on mainstream and heterodox economic theories and approaches addressing inequality and its economic interdependence. Methodology: Due to its positive and normative nature, inequality is a complex concept that eludes precise definition. The available application of mainstream and heterodox approach to study inequality and its economic interdependence allows for the identification of various components of inequality. Classifications that fall within the mainstream economics especially reveal less numerous and often even different types of inequalities compared to heterodox approaches. Moreover, what determines within-country inequality is the number of driving forces related to the factual and regulatory sphere of an economy. Findings: This study does not exhaust the general debate over inequality in economics. The question remains about the state of research dedicated to the outcomes of inequality, for instance, perceived in its dynamic and historical perspective. Moreover, there emerges a need to overview the theoretical and empirical research dedicated to inequality in terms of not only its driving forces but also economic outcomes.
5
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HOW MAINSTREAM ECONOMISTS EXPLAIN (OR NOT) UNEMPLOYMENT?

88%
HUSSON M.
Society Register
|
2019
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vol. 3
|
issue 2
21-37
EN
One of the tasks assigned to mainstream economists is to legitimize the significance of unemployment. This paper aims to reconstruct the evolution of their approaches from the theoretical impossibility asserted by Pigou to the recognition of involuntary unemployment by Keynes and eventually to different versions of the natural unemployment rate. The unemployment rate had become an instrument for fine-tuning of the economy, but it no longer fulfills this role. It is then the whole dominant macroeconomics that is shaken to its foundations. But this crisis might help to return to expansionary fiscal policies (a Green New Deal) and to the Job Guarantee, thus echoing Keynes’ question: ‘There is work to do; there are men to do it. Why not bring them together?’
6

Austrian and Mainstream Economics: How Do They Differ?

88%
Pieniążek P.
Ekonomista
|
2018
|
issue 2
209-238
PL
W następstwie kryzysu finansowego i gospodarczego z 2008 r. ekonomia głównego nurtu była oskarżana o nieumiejętność przewidzenia, uniknięcia i złagodzenia tegoż kryzysu. W tej sytuacji interesujące może być rozpatrzenie, czy alternatywy dla ekonomii głównego nurtu mają jakąś wartość. Celem tego artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy teoria austriackiej szkoły ekonomii może być uznana za poważną alternatywę dla ekonomii głównego nurtu. Autor poszukuje odpowiedzi poprzez zbadanie jej metodologii, a w szczególności jej stosunku do wykorzystania metod matematycznych w teorii ekonomii. Wskazane zostały pewne słabości metodologii szkoły austriackiej, które czynią ją mniej atrakcyjną, niż można by pierwotnie sądzić. Następnie dokonano przeglądu argumentów ekonomistów austriackich przeciwko matematyce w ekonomii; dokładne badanie pokazuje, że nie są one wiarygodne. Wszystko to świadczy o tym, że austriacka szkoła ekonomii nie może zostać uznana za poważną alternatywę wobec ekonomii głównego nurtu. Ostatecznie wniosek ten jest zilustrowany porównaniem metod, którymi wyprowadza się i analizuje teorie cyklu koniunkturalnego w dwóch rozważanych tu podejściach do ekonomii.
EN
In the aftermath of the 2008 financial and economic crisis, mainstream economics (ME) was accused of being unable to predict, prevent, and alleviate it. In this situation, one might be curious if alternatives to mainstream economics are of any value. The aim of this paper is to answer whether the theory of the Austrian school of economics (ASE) can be considered a serious alternative to ME. This is done by examining its methodology and especially its attitude towards the use of mathematics in economic theory. Some shortcomings of the ASE's methodology are considered that make it a less attractive alternative than might initially be assumed. Next, the arguments of the ASE economists against the use of mathematics in economics are reviewed; careful examination indicates that they are not sound. All of this shows that the ASE cannot be considered a serious alternative to ME. Finally, this conclusion is illustrated with a comparison of methods with which theories of business cycles are arrived at and analyzed in the two approaches.
RU
Финансовый и экономический кризис 2008 года дал повод обвинить главные течения (мейнстрим) экономической науки в неумении предвидеть, избежать и облегчить этой кризис. В этой ситуации интересно задать вопрос, имеют ли какую-либо ценность альтернативы экономического мейнстрима. Автор статьи попытался выяснить, может ли теория австрийской школы считаться серьезной альтернативой для главных теорий экономики. Ответ на этот вопрос ищется посредством исследования методологии австрийской школы и особенно ее отношения к использованию математических методов в теории экономики. Были указаны некоторые слабости методологии этой школы, которые делают ее менее привлекательной, чем можно было бы первоначально ожидать. Затем был проведен обзор аргументов австрийских экономистов против математики в экономике; сделанный анализ показывает, что они не являются убедительными. Все это свидетельствует о том, что австрийская школа экономики не может быть признана в качестве серьезной альтернативы для экономического мейнстрима. Окончательно этот вывод проиллюстрирован через сравнение методов двух рассматриваемых здесь течений экономической науки, с помощью которых выводятся и анализируются теории конъюнктурного цикла.
7
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Methodology…?! Why? Some methodological aspects of the controversy between mainstream economics and institutionalism

88%
Galbács P.
Economics and Business Review
|
2017
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vol. 3(17)
|
issue 3
112-134
EN
Mainstream economics has been running the gauntlet of adverse criticism for decades. These critiques claim as a message of central importance that mainstream economics has lost its relevance for understanding reality. By making a brief comparison between the methodological strategies of the main stream and institutional economics I suggest that the firm demarcation between the streams stems from the difference between their methodologies. Its peculiar interest directed mainstream economics to take a unique methodological path and consequently the adherents have not been able to be on the lookout for certain facets of socio-economic reality. However, the chosen path, the axiomatic-deductive strategy proved to be an appropriate method for identifying economic laws. This claim is justified even by some recent efforts of new institutional economics. In order to support the conversation between the schools I highlight some causes that currently make it impossible to start a rational discourse.
8

Współrządzenie (good governance) technoliberalizmu a demokracja partycypacyjna. Państwo w krzywym zwierciadle ekonomii głównego nurtu.

75%
Klementowicz T.
Nowa Krytyka
|
2014
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issue 33
9-61
EN
The article gives an idea about the ideological basis for a political program whose goal is to further reduce the function of the state in the economy and to be a controlling instrument for social life. That basis is supplied by the mainstream economics and "new political economy" developed from this mainstream economics' groundwork. It postulates the evolution of the process of supremacy under the name of governance. The state should be limited to the function of steering, whereas the function of rowing should be given to other actors, especially civil society organizations. The slogan has become an ideological catchphrase for the technoliberalism, eliminating the idea of participatory democracy from the public discourse. However, the program ignores the real problems of governance brought by global capitalism, as for example, the need for cooperation between countries to develop boundary conditions for the use of the global ecosystem and manpower. Moreover, in the triad of market, state and civil society, the last is still a class society where the industrial conflict is the axis of its organization and functioning. In addition, members of national societies want to be involved in global pop culture and worldwide supermarket of consumption, and at the same time, do not want to cut the roots of tradition and national identity based on language, religion and historical reminiscence. The nation state is still the only real instrument to shape the collective destiny of political and civic community. Therefore, it must be the distribute, protective, productive and developmental state. However, the state itself is not transparent and generates additional costs of its functioning. It creates a regulatory order whose operation is the burden of transaction costs for the society. These costs range 30-50 % of GDP. Functioning of the state in such conditions make it possible for companies and business groups to do a political rent-seeking. In such case, the practical challenge is not to create a low-cost state, but the state which effectively uses public funds to achieve the objectives dictated by the macrosocial rationality. For this, however, there is a need of efficient control of the state bureaucracy and the political state's personnel. Possible form of such control is the participatory democracy of citizens aware of their interests and thus, fully empowered.
9
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Nauki ekonomiczne wobec kryzysów finansowych

63%
Kraciuk J.
Journal of Modern Science
|
2015
|
issue 2(25)
219-230
EN
Th e recent fi nancial crisis sparked a lively debate among economists about the state of economic sciences. Diff erent strands of economics become the subject of criticism, foremost neoclassical economics. Th e paper presents the development of orthodox economics, and shows its weakness in terms of the analysis of fi nancial crises. Th e basis of the criticism was primarily the fact that mainstream economics has not been able to predict fi nancial crises, let alone prevent them. Selected heterodox theories were presented in terms of their approach to the causes of fi nancial crises. It was pointed out that some economists are of the opinion that an interdisciplinary, holistic and heterodox approach to economics will allow for a much better explanation for this knowledge area of economic and social processes taking place in the world. If the theories are formulated in isolation from specifi c social context, cultural system and conditions of business practice then economics as a science cannot formulate predictive conclusions for economic policy.
PL
Ostatni kryzys fi nansowy wywołał wśród ekonomistów ożywiona dyskusję na temat stanu nauk ekonomicznych. Przedmiotem krytyki stały się różne nurty ekonomii, ale przede wszystkim ekonomia neoklasyczna. W artykule przedstawiono rozwój ekonomii ortodoksyjnej, a także ukazano jej słabości w aspekcie analizy kryzysów fi nansowych. Podstawą krytyki był przede wszystkim fakt, że ekonomia głównego nurtu nie była w stanie przewidzieć kryzysów fi nansowych, a tym bardziej zapobiegać im. Przedstawiono także wybrane teorie heterodoksyjne z punktu widzenia ich podejścia do przyczyn kryzysów fi nansowych. Wskazano, że część ekonomistów jest zdania, iż interdyscyplinarne, holistyczne i heterodoksyjne podejście do ekonomii pozwoli na znacznie lepsze wyjaśnianie przez tę dziedzinę nauki procesów gospodarczych i społecznych zachodzących w świecie. Jeżeli zaś teorie są formułowane w oderwaniu od określonego kontekstu społecznego, systemu kulturowego i warunków praktyki gospodarczej to ekonomia, jako nauka, nie może formułować predykcyjnych wniosków dla polityki gospodarczej.
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