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Cancer awareness and socioeconomic status are associated with mammography screening participation and early detection of breast cancer

100%
Badur W., Donizy P., Szełemej J., Kornafel J., Hałoń A., Matkowski R.
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
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2014
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issue 4
329-332
2
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Ionizing radiation and volumetric mammographic density

75%
Pepłońska B., Mirowski M., Kałużny P., Domienik-Andrzejewska J.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2022
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vol. 35
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issue 5
635-649
EN
Objectives Mammographic density (MD) refers to the percentage of dense tissue of an entire breast and was proposed to be used as a surrogate marker for breast cancer. High-dose ionizing radiation (IR) has been recognized as a breast cancer risk factor. The aim of our study was to investigate association between lifetime low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) and MD. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study included 467 women aged 40–60 years who underwent screening mammography in Łódź, Poland. The digital mammography examination of the breasts included both craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique views. The volumetric breast density (VBD) (%) and fibrograndular tissue volume (FG) (cm3) were determined based on the analysis of mammographic image (“for processing”) using Volpara Imaging Software. The exposure to IR was estimated for each individual, based on the data from interviews about diagnostic or therapeutic medical procedures performed in the area of the neck, chest, abdomen and spine, which involved X-rays and γ rays and the data about the doses derived from literature. Linear and logistic regression were fitted with VBD and FG as the outcomes and organ breast dose, effective dose and number of mammographies as the determinants, adjusted for major confounders. Results The analyses showed no association between VBD or FG and the breast organ dose or the effective dose. The only significant finding observed concerned the association between the number of mammographies and the FG volume with β coefficient: 0.028 (95% CI: 0.012–0.043), and predicted mean FG volume >13.4 cm3 among the women with >3 mammographies when compared to those with none. Conclusions This study does not, in general, provide support for the positive association between LDIR and MD. The weak association of the FG volume with the number of mammographies warrants further verification in larger independent studies.
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The role of occupational health services in cancer prevention – which factors determine the implementation of preventive measures?

75%
Wiszniewska M., Marcinkiewicz A., Lipińska-Ojrzanowska A., Kalska-Sochacka K., Walusiak Skorupa J.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2021
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vol. 34
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issue 6
723-736
EN
ObjectivesEpidemiological data on cancer diseases are alarming. The workplace has become an increasingly important site for disseminating health information and implementing health promotion activities. Occupational medicine physicians (OMPs) have the opportunity to carry out primary and secondary preventive activities focused on civilization diseases, especially cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of OMPs in cancer prevention, including the analysis of factors determining the implementation of preventive measures, as part of standard healthcare for employees.Material and MethodsThe study was conducted among 362 OMPs. The interviews were carried out by the computer assisted telephone interview (CATI) method.ResultsOver 60% of the surveyed OMPs are ready to implement cancer preventive activities among employees. The doctors with the longest seniority in occupational health services are more likely to declare unwillingness to implement cancer preventive activities. Patient’s consent, informing women about the program and adjusting the time of the medical visit are the most important conditions for introducing cancer prevention programs by OMPs. Neither seniority nor the number of examinations performed by a physician influenced the currently implemented cancer preventive activities as part of occupational health services (including the evaluation of cancer risk factors occurrence among employees).ConclusionsIn Poland, OMPs are willing to implement cancer preventive activities among employees, but their current activity in this area is limited and needs development. The most specific actions should be addressed to doctors with the longest seniority in occupational health services, who are frequently unwilling to implement cancer preventive activities. Strengthening the preventive potential of Polish occupational health services requires a systemic approach to the scope and way of action of healthcare professionals.
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