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PL
The article is about practical recommendations of improvement of mutual relations are offered between ЗМК and public power which will assist forming of positive image of power. It is worked out to recommendation to the informative institutes in relation to realization of informative campaigns, planning PR, expansion of the system of instruments for more effective co-operation. The purpose and objectives of the research is to consider the relationship between a transmitter and public authorities offer practical recommendations to improve the relationship between media power to facilitate a positive image of tchem government. Methods: systematic and functional retrospective futurological, analysis and synthesis.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14762
EN
The focus group interview conducted among students at Adam Mickiewicz University inPoznań who were born in the early 1990s indicates the students’ attitudes towards reality, aswell as approaches and methods of using modern information technologies used for communicationand obtaining information (mainly the Internet). Contrary to general opinionsof contemporary youth, the 1990s generation has not lost perspective and is able to makereasonable assessments. Young people consciously use technical goods and critically evaluatethe behaviour that exceeds social norms or common sense. They prefer personal contactwith other people rather than contact via telephone, SMS messages or the Internet. They seethe advantages of the Internet, such as access to information, knowledge and entertainment,facilitation of functional, professional and private contact, as well as noticing the hazardsresulting from excessive and mindless use of the Internet and other legal threats related tothe medium. For them, new communication technologies are a useful tool for communicating.However, young people have language problems consisting of a difficulty in expressingthemselves which results from abbreviated forms of expression used in the mass media.
EN
Objectives: The complexity of studying cultural public events as an object of journalism is that they are not real news but specially designed messages that can be part of the strategic plan of the stakeholders. In theoretical research, such type of special events is called media events, or pseudo-events (Boorstin, 1992, 32-37). Newsbreak of the public event grounds not only on information about the present but also about the past (culture memory, collective behavior, etc.). The problem is that the impact of the message of a cultural event depends on the will of elites, such as political, business figures or public activists. People and institutions involved in the field of the organization of the event, journalists as transmitters or interpreters, and it is important to help ordinary consumers not to fall into the trap of the frame of a cultural event, not to be used as manipulative purposes.subjects of production of this message. This issue is aimed to identify markers of cultural public event message transformations that affect mass-media. Material and methods: To conduct research, we use the ontology approach by Allein Badiou and media discourse analysis approach. For analysis, we choose public events, which are based on organized cultural events. Results: Define the four trends of the transformation of public event message in media discourse: increasing, decreasing, splashes of attention, decorative discourse. Conclusions: Shifts of the meanings depend on the ontology of the public event message, its creation, implementation, and perception. In order to prevent manipulative influences, this knowledge helps to develop the productive motivation to a responsible attitude towards information products.
PL
Artykuł jest pokłosiem ogólnopolskich badań przeprowadzonych wśród redaktorów naczelnych mediów studenckich w Polsce. Znajdziemy w nim dane statystyczne dotyczące wielkości redakcji studenckich, struktury zatrudnienia, formy pracy, zasięgu oddziaływania, targetu, źródeł finansowania czy rodzajów promocji.
EN
This article is the aftermath of nationwide surveys of student media editors in Poland. Can be found in the figures of the student editors, employment structure, forms of work, scope of impact, target, funding sources and types of promotion.
PL
Radio is a very powerful mass communication medium. In radio broadcasting, one can hear the echo of Christ’s words to his apostles in the missionary discourse: “You received without charge, give without charge…What you hear in whispers, proclaim from the house tops” (Mt 10,8b.27). Although the Church uses radio as a means to transmit the Good News of salvation, and we as human beings receive radio transmissions as a part of our daily life, we barely stop to think and reflect upon the underlying aspects of radio as a means of communication. In this paper, the Author endeavours to give a historical overview of what makes radio an important medium for evangelisation according to four key documents of the Church, while also studying the underlying theological positions found in these documents. These documents enable us to study radio as a broadcasting medium, highlighting the possible reactions of the Church to radio and how the Church changed its stance on radio over the years. The reason for focussing specifically on radio is for two particular reasons: from the very beginning, the Church has considered radio as a means for evangelising the masses. Notwithstanding this, what is going to be discussing in the paper can be equally applied to Television as a mass communication medium. Secondly, the Church took an active role in radio broadcasting by asking Guglielmo Marconi himself to construct the Vatican Radio in 1931. The documents of the Church also offer us a theology of radio as a mass communication medium, with unity, progress and evangelisation being the fundamental aspects. Church documents posit that not everything should be broadcasted over radio but only messages which bring about peace and unity.
EN
Purpose. This research covers the issues of reformatting frames of cultural public events in mass media. The author identifies the problem of breaking the link between real cultural activity and the virtual reality of the media, emphasizing the negative impact on audiences. Public receives from media distorted picture of the world, in the way as it is exposed by the producers of information imagination. Media agenda forms the view of historical traditions, economic and political influences, since the media in Ukraine are dependent on their owners and politicians. Journalists, media publishers, media editors claim to have knowledge of society and impose agenda, which is theirs a subjective representation but not the reflection about the world in its diversity. Therefore, the key issue of this research is as follows: How could journalists create reports about culture events without distorting the picture of reality? Methods. The study has aimed to identify the potential of cultural themes for journalism through the prism of mass communication theory, taking into account the basic criteria of international journalism standard. Methods which have been used are: case study to outline the problem and discourse analysis to define trends of public messages creation and to understand their perception in a socio-cultural context. Results. Analyzing messages about specific cases of public events author has presents model for decoding of public event message on two levels – creation by initiators and perception by audiences in the context of political and cultural changes.
EN
The subject of this article is fascination as a type of communicative influence on the addressees, the purpose of which is to attract or retain the attention to the message and/or its source. In public communication, fascination serves to activate the processing of semantic information, to create a positive image of the source of information and its preferences in the face of increasing market competition, the prolongation of communicative contact as an opportunity to distribute the advertising copies. Fascination is one of the definite characteristics of modern media culture. Fascination as a stylistic phenomenon is based on different means, which fall into four categories: the language code, the cognitive system (mental thesaurus, worldview), the system of social relations, and the physical environment. Semantic information is subordinated on the Internet to the principle of attractiveness. This concerns such its characteristics of it as the preference for events in the sphere of politics, occasionality, sensationalism, dangerous trains, intracultural attitude.
Communication Today
|
2020
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
4 - 16
EN
Throughout the history of the field of media and mass communication theory and research, claims have been made that ‘mass’ media and ‘mass’ communication are concepts that do not fit the contemporary media environment (anymore). However, contemporary developments and debates regarding the role of media and communication in the context of a global pandemic clearly suggest otherwise. In this article, the field of study regarding media and mass communication is reviewed based on the (7) fundamental theories explaining the role of media in society, as these have emerged out of a century of scholarship in media studies and communication science. The study aims to show how each of these theories can be considered to be ‘at work’ in current debates and concerns about the role of media and communication in the global coronavirus pandemic/infodemic.
EN
The article examines the communication nature of ideology, its capacity to serve as a mediator between ideological principles (theory) and political practice. Apart from that, the author shows that the basic paradigms of communication research are ideologically marked and the dominant paradigm is based on the values of liberal democracy, while representatives of the alternative research paradigm mainly attempt at exposing the inadequacy of liberal pluralist ideology.
EN
Aim. The aim of this article is to define and analyse the intention and effects of the use of mass communication and media for military purposes. The authors examine the issue on the example of the Russian Federation and the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia. Methods. The method of the research is  a qualitative, discursive analysis of media texts. Results. The study of the content of information platform sputnik-abkhazia.ru, created by the Russian Federation in Abkhazia, allows us to identify the main messages the above-mentioned platform disseminates and tries to enroot in the local community of Abkhazia. In the messages identified during the study an attempt is shown to convince the local audience of the military “invincibility” of the Russian Federation, a clear discredit of the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) - and an open attempt to create an icon of the enemy from Georgia and the United States. In this way we see harmful, threatening cooperation of the means of mass media communication against society, carrying out military tasks. Conclusions. A study of the content of Sputnik-Abkhazia shows a clear example of the use of an information platform for military purposes. Given the current situation, we can argue that the informational efforts that the Russian Federation is making in Abkhazia will soon become a problem, not only for Georgia. Such cooperation between military tasks and information platforms serves to sow fear and mistrust in society, which creates fertile ground to rule the public opinion.
EN
The subject of this article is fascination as a type of communicative influence exerted on the addressees, the purpose of which is to attract or to retain attention to the message and/or its source. In public communication, fascination serves to activate the processing of semantic information, to create a positive image of the source of information and its preferences in the face of increasing market competition, and to prolong communicative contact as an opportunity to distribute advertising copy. Fascination is one of the characteristics of modern media culture. Fascination as a stylistic phenomenon is based on different means, which fall into four categories: the language code, the cognitive system (mental thesaurus, world view), the system of social relations, and the physical environment. On the Internet, semantic information is subordinated to the principle of attractiveness. This concerns such characteristics as preference for events in the sphere of politics, occasionality, sensationalism, dangerous traits, and an intracultural attitude.
PL
Tematem artykułu jest fascynacja jako rodzaj komunikatywnego wpływu na adresatów, którego celem jest przyciągnięcie lub zwrócenie uwagi na przekaz i/lub jego źródło. W komunikacji publicznej fascynacja służy aktywacji przetwarzania informacji semantycznej, stworzeniu pozytywnego wizerunku źródła informacji i jego preferencji w obliczu rosnącej konkurencji rynkowej oraz prolongacji kontaktu komunikacyjnego jako sposobu emitowania reklam. Fascynacja jest jedną z cech współczesnej kultury medialnej. Jako zjawisko stylistyczne fascynacja jest realizowana za pośrednictwem różnych środków, które dzielą się na cztery kategorie: kod językowy, system kognitywny (tezaurus mentalny, światopogląd), system relacji społecznych i środowisko fizyczne (naturalne). Informacja semantyczna jest w internecie uwarunkowana zasadą atrakcyjności. Dotyczy to takich cech, jak preferowanie wydarzeń w świecie polityki, okazjonalność, sensacja, drażniące treści oraz priorytet treści wewnątrzkulturowych.
PL
Subregion periodycznej komunikacji medialnej stanowi istotny składnik krajowego systemu medialnego. W polskich warunkach powstanie subregionów medialnych można wiązać z decyzją o podziale administracyjnym kraju na 49 województw. Decyzja ta pozwoliła na rozwój lokalnej prasy na tych obszarach, które do tej pory uzależnione były od mediów regionalnych. Równie ważną rolę w budowie i rozwoju subregionów medialnych odegrała aktywność lokalnych społeczności, od której to wychodziły najważniejsze inicjatywy na rynku mediów. Te dwa czynniki, a więc działalność lokalnych elit kulturalnych oraz wsparcie władz doprowadziły do wytworzenia m.in. gorzowskiego subregionu periodycznej komunikacji medialnej, którego pierwsza faza rozwoju przypadła na lata 1975–1989.
EN
A subregion of periodical media communication comprises an important part of every national media system. In Poland, the creation of such subregions can be linked to the decision about the administrative division of the country into 49 voyvodships. This decision sparked the development of the local press in those territories that until then had been dependent on the regional media. Equally important role in the creating and development of media subregions was played by the activity of local residents who were responsible for the most important initiatives in the local media market. These two elements, that is the activity of local cultural elites and the support of the authorities led to the creating of Gorzów subregion of periodical communication whose first phase of development took place in the years 1975–1989.
PL
Wiodącym celem artykułu jest analiza wiodących dylematów i problemów natury etycznej, występujących na poziomie działań politycznych we liberalnych demokracjach. Owe problemy podnoszone są przede w kontekście prób redefiniowania m.in. wiodących pojęć dotyczących polityki, polityczności czy komunikacji medialnej oraz w kontekście zmiany dominujących relacji między polityką- mediami a opinią publiczną. Jednak to, co stanowi najszerszą ramę tematyczną podejmowanych w artykule problemów odnosi się przede wszystkim do pokazania istotnych różnic w liberalnym i konserwatywnym podejściu do ujmowania polityki i polityczności i wynikających z nich problemów natury etycznej.
EN
Main idea of the paper is to point out, that in contemporary democracies, defined by liberal formula, both political authorities, mass media and public opinion have to face up numerous challenges, which results are difficult to predict. This observation is specially accurate in case of ethical dilemmas. Such phenomenon is accompanied by change in sociological reflection itself concerning mutual relations between areas mentioned above, resulting mainly from global processes. Demands for redefinition or even substitution some terms, typical for primary modernity, as: society, mass media, state, sovereignty, politics and political, by new ones occur more often. Main ethical dilemma of liberal democracies concerns what kind of action should political authorities take to obtain their crucial objective – development of free person as a moral human being. Moreover, communicational dimension of contemporary politics becomes also main source of ethical corruption, based on moralisation of politics and conducted on the level of language.
EN
Celem artykułu są jest zaakcentowanie, iż w obliczu kryzysu werbalności obserwowalnego szczególnie w komunikacji masowej pojawia się pilna potrzeba reorientacji toczącej się zarówno w środowisku językoznawców, jak i literaturoznawców dyskusji na temat estetyki komunikacji werbalnej. Proponowana zmiana polega na oddaniu pierwszeństwa jakościom intelektualnym manifestującym się m.in. poprzez gradacyjną kategorię określoną na potrzeby prezentowanych rozważań jako kategoria wnikliwości. Nowością prezentowanych rozważań jest ujęcie tej kategorii w kontekście możliwości jej aplikacji do sprostania wyzwaniu, jakie stawia badaczom komunikacji XXI wieku problem wykrywania tekstów generowanych przez sztuczną inteligencję.
RU
Целью статьи является подчеркнуть, что обострение кризиса вербальности, проявляющееся особенно интенсивно в масскоммуникации, вызывает срочную необходимось переориентации дискуссии, которая идет в филологической общественности на тему эстетики словесного общения. Предлагаемое изменение заключается в том, чтобы в этой дисскусии дать первенство интеллектуальным ценностям, показателем которых среди остальных экспонентов можно принять градационную категорию глубины текста. Новизна рассуждений заключается в том, что вышеупомянутая категория рассматривается в контексте возможности ее применения для идентификации текстов, написанных искусстенным интеллектом, которая представляет собой настоящий вызов для исследователей коммуникации XXI века.  
PL
The aim of the paper is to stress that in the crisis of verbality observed specially in mass communication there is an urgent need for changing the direction of the discussion about the aesthetic value of verbal texts which is in progress in philological community. The change proposed is that the priority should be given to intellectual value manifested by the gradual category which could be named for the purposes of presented considerations as the thoroughness of the text. The novelty lies in the fact that the thoroughness of the verbal content is viewed in the context of a possible application  to detect AI-generated text which is the real challenge posed to the 21st century communication researchers.
PL
Trzonem tekstu jest retoryczna analiza propagandy antyalkoholowej w przekazach Polskiej Kroniki Filmowej, produkowanej przez WFDiF. Autor wybrał cztery felietony z popularnej serii Propaganda PRL-u. Najzabawniejsze polskie kroniki filmowe i poddał je trzem typom analizy tekstu: metaforycznej, neoretorycznej oraz ideologicznej. Artykuł został wzbogacony o wiedzę w zakresie historii politycznej PRL, a także jej szczegółowe aspekty, jak historia pijaństwa w tej epoce. Autor uwzględnił również medioznawcze opracowanie na temat PKF, a także teorie w zakresie propagandy, perswazji i manipulacji.
EN
The core of the text is a rhetorical analysis of the anti-alcohol propaganda in the films by Polska Kronika Filmowa produced by WFDiF. The author selected four reports from the popular series: Propaganda PRL-u. Najzabawniejsze polskie kroniki filmowe and analysed them using three types of textual analysis: metaphorical analysis, neo-rhetorical analysis, and ideological analysis. The article was complemented with facts from the political history of the People’s Republic of Poland in some specific aspects, e.g. the history of drunkenness in that period. The author also included a media research study regarding PKF, as well as theories of propaganda, persuasion and manipulation.
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