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1

Engels, etnografi a, matriarchalistyka

100%
Nowicki F.
Nowa Krytyka
|
2012
|
issue 28
81-101
EN
This article addresses the theoretical problems which matriarchal theory has introduced into Marxism (Engels and Soviet scholarship). The author discusses fi ve problem areas: 1. The extent to which it is possible to defi ne social formations and modes of production using gender categories. 2. The relationship between matriarchy (or: the high position of women) and communism (in the past as well as the future). 3. The relationship of matriarchal theory to the general premises of the materialist theory of history (the dialectic of productive forces and relations of production). 4. The relationship between matriarchal theory and theoretical issues relating to sexuality, in particular female sexuality. 5. The extent to which it is possible to construct collective identities based on the matriarchal tradition and the tradition of research into matriarchy (Russian identity, Eastern identity – in opposition to Western identity). The author proposes that the Marxist typology of the modes of production (based on the category of “asexual” “direct producer”) be supplemented by a typology of the relationship between women and men (in the process of production), and formulates the following questions concerning the future: – Will a future socialist revolution be able to establish a connection with the remains of matriarchal “ideology” surviving in the social consciousness (above all, in the consciousness of older women)? – Will the ethos of motherhood be an element of the ideology of a future socialist society? – Can Marxism eschew its occidental bourgeois revolution perspective, and take as its reference point the (collectivist-matriarchal) Eastern identity (as was unwittingly done by Soviet researchers into matriarchy during the Stalinist period)?
2
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Mężczyzna między matriarchatem i sadyzmem

94%
Potkański J.
Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne
|
2020
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
EN
The Polish culture suggests to the men two stances: subjugation to the (real or imaginary) female power or, to the contrary, aggressive elimination of “femineity.” The article analyzes these stances as presented in certain works of fiction and their worlds. Femineity is eliminated under the model of homosocial sadism, which must be distinguished both from the traditional patriarchy and from – denied or sublimed – homosexuality. The issue is first discussed based on Wzgórze psów by Jakub Żulczyk; then it is tracked back to the works displaying similar psychosocial structures, even though they may not obviously belong to the same historical literary community (despite their chronological proximity). These works are: Zwał by Sławomir Shuty, Ciało obce by Rafał Ziemkiewicz, White Raven by Andrzej Stasiuk, Morfina by Szczepan Twardoch and His Current Woman by Jerzy Pilich. The theoretical tools applied come from politicized versions of the late psychoanalysis and schizoanalysis (along the Lacan – Deleuze – Theweleit line).
3
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SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWE WYOBRAŻENIA O MACIERZYŃSTWIE W RETROSPEKCJI HISTORYCZNEJ I WSPÓŁCZEŚNIE A REKONESANS BADAWCZY

84%
Józefowicz A.
Ars inter Culturas
|
2017
|
issue 6
97-112
EN
In this paper, I have presented selected views about motherhood over the centuries, and I have highlighted several widely discussed, current issues concerning the maternal role of a woman. I made a review- reconnaissance research of historical sources, but also contemporary ones, on the border of cultural studies, cultural anthropology, gender studies, pedagogy and sociology. I asked myself, somewhat rhetorical, what it means to be a good and loving mother, realizing, that this type of thinking had origins in the eighteenth century, as well as that, it is an immeasurable question.
4
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Matka Polka Destruktorka – dwa oblicza dysfunkcyjnego macierzyństwa (na przykładzie Szopki Zośki Papużanki i Gorzko, gorzko Joanny Bator)

84%
Głos M.
Tematy i Konteksty
|
2022
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vol. 17
|
issue 12
399-409
EN
The aim of the article is to present two different images of dysfunctional motherhood in contemporary fictional Polish prose on the example of the novel Gorzko, Gorzko by Joanna Bator and Szopka by Zośka Papużanka. The first of them, represented by the protagonist Violetta Serce of Gorzko, Gorzko, fits in the current literature trend of creating an anti-mother character, an enemy who usually perceives a child as a “problem” or is unable or does not want / cannot show him or her feelings, because motherhood it is an obstacle for her. The second is represented by the nameless mother of Zośka Papużanka's Szopka, who identifies the so-called "Gastronomic mother". The analysis shows that Polish prose of the last two decades still lacks the figure of a mother-friend, and the trauma of being born and growing up in the realities of the PRL’s and capitalism has permanently entered the minds of contemporary writers, destroying optimistic hopes for a successful family life and motherhood.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ukazanie dwóch odmiennych obrazów dysfunkcyjnego macierzyństwa we współczesnej fikcjonalnej prozie polskiej na przykładzie powieści Gorzko, gorzko Joanny Bator oraz Szopki Zośki Papużanki. Pierwszy z nich, reprezentowany przez bohaterkę Violettę Serce z Gorzko, gorzko, wpisuje się w obecnym w literaturze trend kreowania postaci antymatki, która zazwyczaj postrzega dziecko jako „problem” albo nie potrafi bądź nie chce / nie może okazać mu uczuć. Drugi reprezentuje bezimienna matka z Szopki Zośki Papużanki, która utożsamia tzw. „matkę gastronomiczną”. Kobieta jest opersyjna wobec swojej rodziny, „torturuje ją” swoją autorytarnością. Analiza pozwala stwierdzić, że we polskiej prozie ostatnich dwóch dekad wciąż brakuje postaci matki-przyjaciółki, a trauma urodzenia się i dorastania w realiach PRL-owskich i rodzącego się kapitalizmu na trwale zagościła w świadomościach współczesnych pisarek, burząc optymistyczne nadzieje na udane pożycie rodzinne, jak i macierzyństwo.
5

Myśliwi i naganiacze. Stratyfikacja ról społecznych na pograniczu

67%
Budrewicz T.
Napis. Pismo poświęcone literaturze okolicznościowej i użytkowej
|
2015
|
issue 21: Sztuka tracenia, sztuka rezygnacji. Samoograniczenie i autocenzura
120-145
EN
The topic of the article is the image of social roles in the hunter’s subculture. The analysed material was chosen from hunter’s memoirs and stories of the 19th and 20th centuries as well as periodicals (“Łowiec” ["Hunter"], “Łowiec Polski” ["Polish Hunter], “Myśliwy” ["Hunter"]). The hunter’s literature has a great informative and documentary potential, and therefore it can serve as a basis of social and cultural conclusions. The hunter’s culture is closed, conservative, patriarchal and elitist – it excludes women and representatives of lower social groups in the social hierarchy. It contains relics of feudal epoch (the pictures of preparations for the hunts and the hunts themselves) as well as many elements strongly connected with military rituals (the canon of hunters’ activities, the hunting language which is a hybrid of military jargon and a code understandable only to insiders). The participants of the hunts create two groups with a strong sociological and cultural demarcation: people from lower class are trackers, beaters and porters, whereas people from upper class have a privileged position as those who stand face to face with an enemy and fight with it to the death.The second part discusses the hunt in the borderland of weather conditions and in the borderland of countries and regions. The hunter in the borderland is a stranger from the outside who clings on to the representatives of the indigenous inhabitants, who live in the place for generations, for support and help. The local culture serves as a metaphor for home, mother and wife, that is for remaining in one place. The hunter in the borderland is a nomad and a traveller, who yields to the attractiveness of the local culture which becomes for him a place of final destination – home.
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