Search results

1

Contextual Methodology of Formation of Diagnostic Competence of Future Officers – Specialists of Physical Training and Sports in the Process of Professional-Pedagogical Training

100%

Yahupov V., Dubrovska O.

Viae Educationis

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2023

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issue 3

7-17

EN

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation of contextual methodology of formation of diagnostic competence of future officers – specialists of physical training and sports in higher military educational institutions. Scientific approaches of foreign and domestic scientists to the concept of “methodology” are analyzed and generalized and the author’s definition of the concept “methodology of forming diagnostic competence of future officers – specialists of physical training and sports in the process of professional and pedagogical training” is proposed. Research methods: theoretical analysis of scientific literature; generalization and interpretation of the obtained theoretical and empirical data; design of contextual methodology of diagnostic competence formation. It contains the leading idea or principle, goals, objectives, stages, content, methods, methodological techniques and means of its formation in the process of professional-pedagogical education. The importance of introducing the special course “Diagnostic competence of future officers – specialists in physical training and sports and its formation in higher military educational institutions” is revealed and substantiated. It synthesizes, systematizes and concretizes the content of all their professional-pedagogical competence on the implementation of their diagnostic function in their future position in the troops. The content of the special course includes the following topics: Topic 1. Future officer – specialist of physical training and sport: concept, content and structure as a subject of educational activity in higher military educational institutions. Theme 2. Diagnostic activity of an officer – specialist of physical training and sport as a subject of military-professional activity in higher military educational institutions. Topic 3: Diagnostic competence of officers – specialists of physical training and sport as a component of military- -professional competence in military units. Theme 4. Methodology of formation of diagnostic competence of future officers – specialists in physical training and sports as subjects of diagnostic activity in higher military educational institutions. The following stages of method realization are defined: diagnostic-motivational; cognitive-activational; evaluative-resultant.

2

The Ethical, Political and Economic Challenges of Effective Altruism

100%

Kucz M., Rosół P.

Ethics in Progress

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2020

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vol. 11

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issue 1

61-76

PL

This paper presents a critical evaluation of ethical and philosophical concerns about the effective altruism as an ethical position. Effective altruists claim that one of our important ethical obligations is to do the most good possible, with the biggest possible positive impact. This impact should be measured with rational tools and by evaluating the effectiveness of our actions. At first glance, this might seem as a consensus building position, a good starting point for building a community of people wanting to change the world for the better. In our paper, we present some difficulties which are connected with such a way of thinking about charity and an ethical obligation to donate. We discuss the problem of the commercialization of ethical values, understanding effectiveness, agreeing about goals, as well as the political consequences of effective altruism understood as an ethical position.

3

Aviation terrorism. The essence of the phenomenon, systematics, typology

84%

Glen A.

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

59-75

EN

The article sets out the characteristics of the reason and source of contemporary terrorism as well as an explanation of the general concept of terrorism, including aviation terrorism. Moreover, aviation terrorism is systematised on the ground of the subject of attack. Finally, the article presents a typology of aviation terrorism taking into account the following criteria: manner, form, and means, alongside the anticipated effects of aviation terrorism.

4

A new perspective on the attitude-behavior relation: The essential function of goals

84%

Kruglanski A. W., Baldner C., Chernikova M., Destro C. L., Pierro A.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2018

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vol. 49

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issue 1

5

ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСВІТНЬО-РОЗВИВАЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА НА УРОКАХ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОГО ЧИТАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ

84%

Костюк І.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2016

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issue 5(59)

314-323

EN

In the article the analysis of experience of creating educational and developmental environment at primary schools at the literary reading lessons is made. We examine different approaches to definitions of educational, developmental and educational-developmental environment. We offer recommendations concerning the development of moral and aesthetic spheres of a student. We expose the ways of formation of children’s perception, understanding, analysis and interpretation of literary text, speech development, and the ability to formulate their own statements, the formation of independent working skills. Different forms, methods and means of teaching “literary reading” in the organization of educational and developmental environment and implementation of communicative, linguistic, activity and Ukrainian knowledge line are submitted. In the article we highlight the importance of the availability of healthy psychological climate in the class, and also organizational, instructional, educational, psychological, hygienic requirements are presented in the article. It describes the conditions which are necessary for the formation of educational and developmental environment, which are used in the educational process of action-communicative content, creation of appropriate psychological and pedagogical conditions for favorable emotional climate and development of the interest in learning, the education authority of the teacher, arrangement of special forms, methods and tools. We consider the psychological and pedagogical aspects that influence the formation of educational and developmental environment at primary school. We have an example of the formation of educational and developmental environment for literary reading lessons at primary school, when working with text-based games “School carousel” that promotes proper formation of the educational and developmental environment and realizes communicative, linguistic, activity and Ukrainian knowledge line. The research is based on the analysis of scientific, educational and psychological literature, archival sources, advanced pedagogical experience. During our work the attention was paid to the interviews, questionnaires, expert survey subjects of educational process at secondary schools of Zhytomyr city, Zhytomyr region. The results were tested on the basis of these schools. Our analysis does not cover all the aspects of the problem and requires further analysis of the forms and methods of work to create educational and developmental environment at primary schools.

6

Improving fencers’ theoretical training based on the stage reached in their basic development

84%

Romanivna Zadorozhna O., Arkadiyovych Briskin Y., Volodymyrivna Perederiy A., Petrovych Pityn M., Ivanivna Stepanchenko N.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2018

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vol. 18

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issue 2

43-47

EN

Background. The research was devoted to theoretical training based on the stage reached in the basic development in fencing. Analysis of the literature shows that one way to improve the quality of a young fencer’s training process is to validate the structure and content of theoretical training and assess the significance of its components to the stage of the fencer’s previous basic development in the sport. Problem and aim. The issue of the theoretical training of fencers is only mentioned fragmentally, which points to the absence of any one approach to its realization at different stages of an individual’s long-term development. There is a need for a quantitative and qualitative increase in information transfer, and the acquisition of specific quality theoretical knowledge, particularly by using different methods and means of theoretical training. Methods. Theoretical analysis and synthesis, analysis of documentary material, comparison, abstraction, methods of induction and deduction, expert assessment, pedagogical experiment. Results and Conclusions. An author-developed program of theoretical training for solving set tasks there was established and implemented by using algorithmic educational and entertaining means. The pedagogical experiment, which consisted of two periods of four months, enabled us to determine the greater effectiveness of the author program of theoretical training in comparison with the generally-accepted one. There was determined that using the universal algorithmic educational and entertaining means – simulator “TTT”; “Associations”; and “Puzzles” – will lead to an improvement in the theoretical preparedness of fencers at the stage of previous basic development within different informational blocks.

PL

Tło. Badania zostały poświęcone teoretycznym treningom w szermierce opartym na etapie osiągniętym w podstawowym stadium rozwoju sportowego. Analiza literatury pozwoliła odkryć, że jednym ze sposobów poprawy jakości procesu uczenia się młodych szermierzy jest uzasadnienie struktury i treści treningu teoretycznego oraz znaczenia jego składników na etapie wcześniejszego podstawowego szkolenia w szermierce. Problem i cel. Kwestia teoretycznego szkolenia sportowców w szermierce pojawia się literaturze przedmiotu fragmentarycznie, co wskazuje na brak jednego podejścia w jego realizacji na różnych etapach długotrwałego rozwoju. Istnieje potrzeba ilościowego i jakościowego zwiększenia transferu informacji i jakościowego zdobywania określonej wiedzy teoretycznej, w szczególności z wykorzystaniem różnych metod i środków szkolenia teoretycznego. Metody. W badaniu wykorzystano różne metody: analizę i syntezę teoretyczna, analizę materiału dokumentalnego, porównanie, abstrakcję, metody indukcji i dedukcji, ocenę ekspercką oraz eksperyment pedagogiczny. Wyniki i wnioski. W celu rozwiązania ustalonych zadań ustanowiono i wdrożono autorski program szkolenia teoretycznego z wykorzystaniem algorytmicznych środków edukacyjnych oraz gier i zabaw. Eksperyment pedagogiczny, który składał się z dwóch okresów po cztery miesiące, pozwolił określić najskuteczniejszy autorski program szkolenia teoretycznego w porównaniu z ogólnie przyjętym. Ustalono, że uniwersalnymi algorytmicznymi środkami edukacyjnymi i rozrywkowymi są: symulator „TTT”, „Skojarzenia”, „Puzzle” – w celu poprawy przygotowania teoretycznego szermierzy na etapie podstawowego szkolenia w ramach różnych bloków informacyjnych.

7

Kołowe środki transportu kopalnianego zarys problematyki

67%

Wierzbicki R.

Studia i Materiały do Dziejów Żup Solnych w Polsce

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2016

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vol. 31

209-226

EN

In the initial period of operation of the Wieliczka Salt Mine, simple means of transport, such as trays or baskets were used for horizontal transport from the place of underground extraction to the shaft. In the course of time, growing distance from the shaft and the necessity of increasing efficiency led to a search for more appropriate means of transport, which would simultaneously consume less energy, produced directly by the power of human muscles. One of such new solutions whose beginnings are hidden in the murkiness of history, are the so-called “mine dogs.” It may be assumed that such carts were used already in the 2nd half of the 16th century in German mines, as at that time the name appeared for the first time in the work of G. Agricola, “De Re Metallica” of 1556. The author notes that during transport (especially on turns), the carts produced sounds that resembled dog barking. However, there is also a theory according to which the name, in German sounding as “Hund”, was pronounced and written with “t” at the end in the mining dialect for the purpose of its differentiation from the house animal, derives from the Slovakian word “hyntow” which denotes a cart; nevertheless, the accurate meaning of “hyntow” is a carriage or a coach. This hypothesis seems to be much less probable. Irrespective of the fact which theory of origin of the cart is deemed true, these were mainly means of horizontal transport, used to move the output from the place of extraction to the extraction shaft. In the course of time, the distances underground were greater and thence the need of applying more modern means, enabling transport of greater loads with the use of lesser power. Such carts were used in shaft transport to bring powder salt and smaller blocks of salt (which could fit in the loading chest) to the surface. It turns out that not only the origin of the name of this means of transport is a certain oddity and an mystery. The structure of carts has also not been fully explained. In his flagship work Agricola indicates that a “dog” is a cart in the shape of a chest on a chassis with two pairs of wheels. He overlooks a “minor detail”, i.e. the fact that the wheels had to be larger at the back and smaller at the front, so that the inclination of the cart to the front offered a possibility of moving it with the use of lesser force. It also has to be noted that the description features a clear determination that the cart was in the form of a chest. Such a structure of the carts known as “dogs” is also confirmed by other authors of former mining dictionaries or studies devoted to the history of mining and mining technology. Several modern studies or Internet publications feature an abbreviated version of the definition of the “dog” as a cart consisting of a transport platform on a four-wheel chassis. This name is currently also applied to the carts used to transport furniture, large musical instruments or goods in warehouses. This is the situation today, yet what is its reference to the carts used in the Wieliczka mines at the end of the 18th or throughout the 19th century? The display of Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka features chest carts known as “dogs” according to the original definition and carts… well, what name should be used for carts consisting of a transport platform typical for “dog” carts on a four-wheel chassis, yet without a chest, having only wooden stops preventing the load from falling off? In the Polish literature, there is a skillful differentiation between a “chest-cart” and a “dog-cart.” However, taking into account the fact that the “chest-cart” means a “dog”, we are dealing with a reversal of terms, as a chest on a four-wheel chassis may be called a dog, and a cart without a chest would have to be called “a cart on a dog chassis.” The objective of this article is to elaborate on and to clarify issue related to the exhibits known as “mine dogs” or “Hungarian dogs” featured in the collections of the Cracow Saltworks Museum Wieliczka. Has the issue been explained or just the opposite, has it been made even more muddled? This should be evaluated by the readers, especially those who are interested in this subject matter.

8

The Moral Philosophy of Lucretius and Aquinas: Competing Ends and Means

67%

Nehez J.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2021

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vol. 10

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issue 2

293-319

EN

The author first explains wisdom and its importance to moral philosophy. Secondly, he follows with a consideration of the nature of things and the soul as told by Lucretius. Then he presents a brief summary on St. Thomas understanding of soul and how his faculty psychology is a superior explanation of moral philosophy. The author concludes by showing how Lucretius’ ethical system fails and to attain true happiness we must take up a faculty psychology aimed at virtue and the perfection of the soul, the principle form of the human person.

9

Pismo Święte narzędziem dialogu z Bogiem

60%

Wronka S.

Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny

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2016

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vol. 69

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issue 4

EN

Sacred Scripture is the basis of Christianity and the code of the whole culture; therefore this knowledge is essential for every Christian and human. However, continuous returning to the same texts seems pointless. The author of the article shows that such a belief is wrong because the word, and therefore also the Bible, has not only informative function but also expressive and directive one. Truths contained in Sacred Scripture can be mastered, even though the large volume of books of the Bible and the gap of time and culture that divides us from them makes this a difficult task. By contrast, self-expression and appeal led by God to man require a constant response from the man. Sacred Scripture is the means of dialogue between God and man and therefore it must be constantly read if this dialogue has to continue and lead to communion with God and to share in His nature. This reading cannot keep only the informative dimension but must include all the functions of the word, must be integral. An example of such a reading is lectio divina taken for centuries.

PL

Pismo Święte jest podstawą chrześcijaństwa i kodem całej kultury, dlatego jego znajomość jest nieodzowna dla każdego chrześcijanina i człowieka. Jednak ciągłe powracanie do tych samych tekstów wydaje się pozbawione sensu. Autor artykułu pokazuje, że takie przekonanie jest niesłuszne, gdyż słowo, a więc i Biblia, Pismo Święte jest podstawą chrześcijaństwa i kodem całej kultury, dlatego jego znajomość jest nieodzowna dla każdego chrześcijanina i człowieka. Ma nie tylko funkcję informacyjną, ale także ekspresyjną i apelacyjną. Prawdy zawarte w Piśmie Świętym można opanować, chociaż przy sporej objętości ksiąg biblijnych i przepaści czasowo-kulturowej, która nas od nich dzieli, nie jest to zadanie łatwe. Natomiast wyrażanie siebie i apel kierowany przez Boga do człowieka wymagają ciągłej odpowiedzi ze strony człowieka. Pismo Święte jest narzędziem dialogu Boga z człowiekiem i dlatego musi być ciągle czytane, jeśli ten dialog ma trwać i prowadzić do komunii z Bogiem, do uczestnictwa w Jego naturze. Ta lektura nie może zatrzymywać się na wymiarze informacji, ale musi objąć wszystkie funkcje słowa, musi być integralna. Przykładem takiej lektury jest lectio divina podejmowana przez wieki.

10

From Violence to Terror: Beyond Instrumental Violence in Hannah Arendt´s Political Thought

59%

Varela M. A.

Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język

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2017

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vol. 1(5)

29-38

EN

Hannah Arendt, victim and witness of totalitarian violence, confronted the glorification of violence with her philosophical and political theory. However, she was not a pacifist, because she was aware that “under certain circumstances violence is the only way to set the scales of justice right again” [Arendt, 1970, p. 64]. This ambivalence reveals the boundless character of violence in any attempt to conceptualize it. When she defines violence, she does it in instrumental terms in two complementary ways: violence requires instruments, and it is instrumental in itself. Meansend rationality crosses the phenomenon of violence, and this is why the question about decency of means appears to be essential. However, Arendt knew that the own dynamic of violence tends to go beyond its own limits in which it would remain enclosed. This paper aims to recover those tools provided by her work to analyze the overwhelming and generative character of violence which, abandoned to its own logic, loses the distinction between means and aims. This is a type of violence that it is not a means, but an end in itself, and, in Arendtian terms, is no more instrumental violence because it turns into “total terror”: an indiscriminate violence which becomes its own purpose.

PL

Hannah Arendt, ofiara i świadek totalitarnej przemocy, skonfrontowała gloryfikację przemocy z własnymi teoriami filozoficznymi i politycznymi. Nie była wszakże pacyfistką, mając świadomość, że “w pewnych okolicznościach przemoc jest jedyną metodą, która pozwala ponownie ustawić szalę sprawiedliwości we właściwym położeniu” [Arendt, 1970, p. 64]. Owa ambiwalencja ujawnia bezgraniczną naturę przemocy podczas wszelkich prób jej konceptualizacji. Arendt definiuje przemoc w kategoriach instrumentalnych na dwa dopełniające się sposoby: przemoc wymaga stosownych instrumentów i jest zarazem narzędziem sama w sobie. Skupiona jedynie na celu racjonalność wykracza poza zjawisko przemocy, prowokując zasadne pytanie o moralnoć stosowanych dla osiągnięcia celu środków. Arendt wiedziała jednakże, że naturalna dynamika przemocy oznacza przekraczanie przypisanych jej ograniczeń. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą ponownego wykorzystania narzędzi zdefiniowanych w dziełach Arendt do analizy totalnego, a zarazem twórczego charakteru przemocy, która, poddana wyłącznie działaniu mechanizmów własnej logiki, traci zdolność rozróżnienia środków i celów. Ten typ przemocy nie jest środkiem, lecz celem samym w sobie i, wedle rozumienia Arendt, przestaje być instrumentalną przemocą, zmieniając się w “totalny terror” – bezrefleksyjną przemoc, której celem staje się ona sama.

11

The Military Perspective on the Strategic Planning Process in the United States within 2017–2018 Timeframe

59%

Klisz M.

Świat Idei i Polityki

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2020

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issue 19

147-169

PL

Artykuł charakteryzuje proces opracowywania dokumentów strategicznych w Stanach Zjednoczonych w latach 2017–2108. Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza procesu planowania w czasie rządów administracji prezydenta Donalda Trumpa oraz przedstawienie wniosków do wykorzystania w innych państwach. W treści artykułu znajduje się objaśnienie najważniejszych podstaw teoretycznych z obszaru planowania strategicznego, głównych procesów, jak również najważniejszych podmiotów organizacyjnych z obszaru bezpieczeństwa państwa. Artykuł skupia się jedynie na okresie 2017–2018 ze względu na znaczące zmiany, które zaszły w obszarze legislacyjnym, jak również udział w całym procesie planowania strategicznego kluczowych oficerów Sił Zbrojnych Stanów Zjednoczonych. W artykule wykorzystano technki oraz narzędzia badawcze z obszaru wojskowości, jednak szeroko zaprezentowano informacje dotyczące aktów prawnych czy odniesień historycznych w celu ułatwienia zrozumienia skomplikowanego procesu planowania strategicznego.

EN

The article examines the development process of the national level security strategies in the United States. It explains the basic theory of the strategy-making, as well as the primary processes and relations among the major security enterprises. The author focuses on the 2017–2018 timeframe due to the significant changes in the U.S. legislative system and exceptional personalities involved in the strategy-making process. However, the article delivers a military perspective on strategy development. Still, it does not exclude general information on the U.S. political arena, legal framework, scope of the documents, or historical facts. These data facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the complex political-military relations during the strategy-making process. The primary purpose of the article is to analyze coherent, layered strategic planning process during President Donald Trump administration (2017–2020) and draw significant conclusions, which other countries might implement in their planning system.

Refine search results

Contextual Methodology of Formation of Diagnostic Competence of Future Officers – Specialists of Physical Training and Sports in the Process of Professional-Pedagogical Training

The Ethical, Political and Economic Challenges of Effective Altruism

Aviation terrorism. The essence of the phenomenon, systematics, typology

A new perspective on the attitude-behavior relation: The essential function of goals

ФОРМУВАННЯ ОСВІТНЬО-РОЗВИВАЛЬНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА НА УРОКАХ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОГО ЧИТАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ

Improving fencers’ theoretical training based on the stage reached in their basic development

Kołowe środki transportu kopalnianego zarys problematyki

The Moral Philosophy of Lucretius and Aquinas: Competing Ends and Means

Pismo Święte narzędziem dialogu z Bogiem

From Violence to Terror: Beyond Instrumental Violence in Hannah Arendt´s Political Thought

The Military Perspective on the Strategic Planning Process in the United States within 2017–2018 Timeframe