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EN
We show here the presence of significant “coldspot” of sea level rise along the West Coast of the United States and Canada (including Alaska). The 30-years sea level for the area are mostly falling also at subsiding locations as San Francisco and Seattle where subsidence is responsible for a long term positive rate of rise. The 20 long term tide gauges of the area of length exceeding the 60-years length have a naïve average rate of rise –0.729 mm/year in the update 30-Apr-2015, down from –0.624 mm/year in the update 14-Feb-2014. Therefore, along the West Coast of the United Statesand Canada the sea levels are on average falling, and becoming more and more negative.
EN
Objectives: The aim of the study was to identify and assess electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation (EMRR) exposure in a workplace located in a publicly accessible environment, and represented by offices (where exposure is caused by various transmitters of local fixed indoor and outdoor wireless communication systems). Material and Methods: The investigations were performed in 45 buildings (in urban and rural areas in various regions of Poland), using frequency-selective electric field strength (E-field) exposimeters sensitive to the EMRR with a frequency range of 88–2500 MHz, split into 12 subbands corresponding to the operating frequencies of typical EMRR sources. The variability of the E-field was analyzed for each frequency range and the total level of exposure by statistical parameters of recorded exposimetric profiles: minimum, maximum, median values and 25–75th – percentiles. Results: The main sources of exposure to EMRR are mobile phone base transceiver stations (BTS) and radio-television transmitters (RTV). The frequency composition in a particular office depends on the building’s location. The E-field recorded in buildings in urban and rural areas from the outdoor BTS did not exceed respectively: medians – 0.19 and 0.05 V/m, 75th percentiles – 0.25 and 0.09 V/m. In buildings equipped with the indoor BTS antennas the E-field did not exceed: medians – 1 V/m, 75th percentiles – 1.8 V/m. Whereas in urban and rural areas, the median and 75th percentile values of the E-field recorded in buildings located near the RTV (within 1 km) did not exceed: 1.5 and 3.8 V/m or 0.4 and 0.8 V/m, for radio FM band or for TV bands, respectively. Conclusions: Investigations confirmed the practical applicability of the exposimetric measurements technique for evaluating parameters of worker’s exposure in both frequency- and time-domain. The presented results show EMRR exposure of workers or general public in locations comparable to offices to be well below international limits.
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EN
Rail transport through the use of electric traction is more friendly for environment than other means of transport. It has a lot of benefits, mainly: the possibility of mass transport using as little energy as possible per one passenger, reducing crowd, reducing congestion, lower emission of pollution, weatherproof, more safety, regularity of travelling. As we can see from the above mentioned benefits, public tram transport is one of the most popular means in Poland. Tram market in Poland is one of the largest in the world. Nowadays we have 14 thousand tram lines used by 16 companies, which gives a total of above 3600 cars. We have many types of trams exploited at present. The most popular are cars 105Na, characterized by low comfort for passengers, too low durability and high energy consumption. Because these cars are at present exploited, on the basis of their structure many different modernizations are made. The examples could be two types of cars : 204WrAs and 205WrAs , which have been produced since 2005 by the Wrocław PROTRAM Company. The largest Polish cities also use a modern trams stock produced by the largest Polish construction companies. One of the examples is recently using five-cars type 120Na produced by PESA company. This article presents results of measurements of energy consumptions of trams 105Na using traditional start –up resistance and trams PROTRAM 205WrAs type with asynchronous propulsion system in IGTB technology. Then the energy consumption is compared with data obtained from manufacturer of a modern tram PESA 120Na, working in the same conditions – asynchronous propulsion system.
EN
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate whether applicable regulations unambiguously specify the role of public administration authorities in terms of protection against electromagnetic radiation in the environment. The paper employs the method of interpretation of norms of applicable law within which normative material of the discussed issue is analysed and selected opinions of the legal thought and judicial decisions are referred to. The paper also refers to the assessment of electromagnetic radiation in the environment in the West Pomeranian Voivodship in 2018 made on the basis of research carried out according to the State Environmental Monitoring Programme for 2016–2020, which in turn is grounded in the regulation of Article 2(1)(2) of the act of Inspection of Environmental Protection. The measurements were made in accordance with a relevant regulation and did not show excess levels of electronic fields in the environment. However, it needs to be remembered that the dynamic development of the telecommunication industry will result in enhanced monitoring and checks of the levels of these fields especially in publically available places.
EN
Objectives Standard devices used by military personnel that may pose electromagnetic hazard include: radars, missile systems, radio navigation systems and radio transceivers. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the exposure of military personnel to electromagnetic fields. Material and Methods Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields was analyzed in the work environment of personnel of 204 devices divided into 5 groups (surface-to-air missile system radars, aircraft and helicopters, communication devices, surveillance and height finder radars, airport radars and radio navigation systems). Measurements were carried out at indicators, device terminals, radio panels, above vehicle seats, in vehicle hatches, by cabinets containing high power vacuum tubes and other transmitter components, by transmission lines, connectors, etc. Results Portable radios emit the electric field strength between 20–80 V/m close to a human head. The manpack radio operator’s exposure is 60–120 V/m. Inside vehicles with high frequency/very high frequency (HF/VHF) band radios, the electric field strength is between 7–30 V/m and inside the radar cabin it ranges between 9–20 V/m. Most of the personnel on ships are not exposed to the electromagnetic field from their own radar systems but rather by accidental exposure from the radar systems of other ships. Operators of surface-to-air missile systems are exposed to the electric field strength between 7–15 V/m and the personnel of non-directional radio beacons – 100–150 V/m. Conclusions In 57% of military devices Polish soldiers work in the occupational protection zones. In 35% of cases, soldiers work in intermediate and hazardous zones and in 22% – only in the intermediate zone. In 43% of devices, military personnel are not exposed to electromagnetic field. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(4):565–577
EN
Work engagement as a predictor of health is an emerging concept in occupational science and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) is the most popular work engagement measurement tool. However, despite its popularity, the UWES is not free from controversy concerning its factorial validity. In this paper, 21 research studies on both UWES-9 and UWES-17 factorial validity within the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) approach have been reviewed in order to answer the question as to which of the UWES factorial structures displays greater validity. The originally proposed threefactor structure of the UWES has been recognized as superior in 6 studies. In further 6 studies, the UWES structure with 1 general factor has been found to be superior. In 8 studies, the authors have concluded that the one- and three-factor structures could be considered equivalent. One study has failed to confirm either the one- or three-factor structure of the UWES. These ambiguous results from studies focusing on the UWES factorial validity are puzzling because they not only indicate a lack of validity for the UWES as a measurement tool but might also challenge the whole concept of work engagement as a three-factor structure of dedication, vigor and absorption. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(2):161–175
PL
Artykuł prezentuje ogólnie wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w ramach projektu pt. „Badanie prędkości pocisków o niskiej energii” finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju i realizowanego przez konsorcjum naukowe, którego liderem było Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji.
EN
This article presents the overall results of research performed under the project entitled: “Examination of low-energy bullets velocity” financed by the National Centre for Research and Development, carried out by a scientific consortium led by the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę dotyczącą ewaluacji skuteczności zabezpieczeń sys-temu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacji. Zdefiniowano cele pomiaru oraz zaproponowano model pomiarowy do oceny skuteczności zabezpieczeń systemu. Na podstawie przyjętego modelu pomiarowego określono przykładowe wskaźniki pomiarowe, które mogą być zastosowane do badania skuteczności wdrożonych zabezpieczeń. Zaprezentowano wnioski dotyczące wdrażania systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacji.
EN
Problems regarding the evaluation of the effectiveness of the information security manage-ment system have been presented. Measurement goals have been defined and a measurement model has been proposed to assess the effectiveness of system security. Based on the proposed measurement model, exemplary measurement indicators have been determined that can be used to test the effectiveness of the implemented security controls. Conclusions regarding the implementa-tion of the information security management system have been presented.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
74-84
EN
The goal of the article is to present two quantitative methods of assessing the degree of political colonization of municipal space by official urbanonymy. This is done in order to provide a tool which will enable the researchers to test hypotheses and measure the property with needed exactitude. To this end, four municipal units from the Moravian-Silesian region, the Czech Republic, have been selected – namely, the former village of Ostrava-Hošťálkovice, the intra-estate city quarter of Ostrava-Pustkovec, the village of Dolní Lhota, and the medium-sized city of Studénka. The methods presented are street-sign distances (SSD), which map the density of the street sign-carrying objects, and street-sign irradiation (SSI), which measures the number of street signs placed on individual objects. It has been proved that both metrics may furnish some information about the way the public space is colonized in the chosen settlement units, and some interpretations were provided on their bases. In order to draw a general picture of political colonization, two things need to be carried out – more indexes should be brought into the game, and more municipalities investigated.
CS
Cílem článku je představit dvě metody, které vymezují míru politické kolonizace městského prostoru oficiální urbanonymií. Cílem je poskytnout nástroje, pomocí nichž bude možné testovat hypotézy a měřit danou vlastnost s potřebnou přesností. Za tímto účelem byly z Moravskoslezského kraje v České republice vybrány čtyři sídelní jednotky – bývalá vesnice Ostrava-Hošťálkovice, městská část Ostrava-Pustkovec, která je umístěna mezi sídlišti, vesnice Dolní Lhota a středně velké město Studénka. Metody, které zde budou prezentovány, jsou vzdálenosti uličních označníků (SSD), jež zachycují hustotu objektů s uličními názvy, a iradiace uličních označníků (SSI), která zachycuje počet označníků na jednom objektu. Bylo prokázáno, že obě metriky jsou s to poskytnout informace o tom, jak byl prostor ve vybraných sídelních jednotkách kolonizován, a na jejich základě bylo vypracováno několik interpretací. Aby bylo možné o politické kolonizaci pojednat obšírněji, je třeba se zaměřit na dva aspekty – jednak vzít v potaz více indexů, jednak prozkoumat více sídelních jednotek.
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