Search results

1

Middle Class and the Importance of Education. Socio-Cultural and Political Aspects

100%

Milenkova V., Peicheva D. S.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio K – Politologia

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2017

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vol. 24

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issue 1

EN

The main idea of the article is to show the importance of education as a factor in identifying the middle class. This means that people with middle class status are involved in various structures of society and they have reached prestigious positions respectively which, in turn, affect the extent of their inclusion in society. Middle-class representatives have complete and successful career realization, and they are signifiantly more inflential from a social point of view in comparison to other individuals which are less integrated and less successful following the public indicators of personal success: education, income, prestige and political power. The paper is primarily based on results obtained through the European Social Survey (ESS) under the 2006, 2009 and 2013 waves. Findings of the present paper are that quality education is not only a function of effort, ambition and persistence, but also of parental involvement, culture capital and family background. Educational achievements are a stimulus for middle-class expansion because they present investment in social contacts and competition on the labour market.

2

The Effect of Education on Earnings Distribution in Poland: 1988–2013

100%

Domański H.

Polish Sociological Review

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2019

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vol. 207

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issue 3

305-322

EN

The effect of education on incomes may reflect the rise of a meritocracy in the patterns of social stratification. Using survey data based on national samples, I analyze the dynamics of this relationship in Poland in 1988–2013 across educational levels controlling for social origin and demographic variables. The results show that the rise of a meritocracy began in the 1980s and continued until 2005, as indicated by an increase in returns to university education. In 2005–2013, the wage premium for higher education persisted despite the economic crisis, the growth of non-standard forms of work, and turmoil of varying kinds in the market economy. At the same time, social origin significantly affects the distribution of incomes, although it occurs indirectly via cultural capital and social connections.

3

Centrally Planned Allocation of Higher Education Graduates in Romania (1950-1970)

88%

Cazan M.

International Review of Social Research

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2014

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vol. 4

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issue 2

143-152

EN

The centrally planned compulsory assignment (‘repartition’) of higher education graduates to various socialist enterprises and/or institutions was one of the novelties brought along by the communist system in Romania, closely following the Soviet model. The article focuses on the regulations aspects of how this system actually functioned in the 1950s and 1960s. It demonstrates that in the first stage, the system presented loopholes which allowed some of the graduates to avoid going to the socialist units to which they had been assigned, and the management of these units to refuse to accept graduates they did not really want. Therefore, even if the system was marred by many arbitrary decisions and by ideological considerations that often dwarfed meritocratic criteria, during the 1950s the system allowed for considerable individual bargaining and agency at the margin of official rules. Yet, gradually, the loopholes were closed with the help of targeted bureaucratic regulations, and while meritocratic criteria became increasingly important in the process of assigning higher education graduates to their future workplaces, the system became tighter and allowed for fewer opportunities to circumvent the official rules.

4

Regional variation in the effect of schooling on people's incomes in Poland

88%

Domański H., Pokropek A.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2015

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vol. 19

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issue 1

12-18

EN

The analysis, based on a Polish national sample from 2006, aims to cast light on the regional variation in the effect of education on incomes. Building on the conceptual framework developed in the theory of human capital we investigate to what extent pay-offs for human capital differ across detailed administrative districts in Poland. By incorporating contextual characteristics, we examine how micro- and macro-level factors shape labour market outcomes. Our findings provide further support for the hypothesis that there is much regional variation in the influence of education on incomes, which suggests that there are better and worse places for the development of a meritocratic distribution of incomes. It appears that education pays more highly in more economically-developed regions, marked by a higher rate of occupational activity.

5

Determinants of Success in Public Opinion in Poland: Factors, Directions and Dynamics of Change

88%

Baczko-Dombi A., Wysmułek I.

Polish Sociological Review

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2015

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vol. 191

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issue 3

277-274

EN

In this paper we present the analysis of changes in perceiving subjective determinants of success in Poland, including implicit attitudes towards the idea of meritocracy. On the basis of factor analysis, we have prepared two scales for the ‘meritocratic’ and ‘family and friends’ dimensions of opinion about path to success. We investigate how support for these scales is differentiated and influenced by sociodemographic characteristics and social class.We accompany in the paper the analysis of ‘meritocratic’ and ‘family and friends’ scales with the analysis of the changing support for individual determinants, such as for example ‘hard work’, ‘good education’ and ‘knowing the right people’. We examine how the opinion of the same group of people on path to success changes over time and to which extend radical changes have occurred in the perception of certain determinants. Our analyses are based on data from the Polish Panel Survey (POLPAN, 1988–2013), where the question as to what conditions success in life was asked in every survey wave. It provides an opportunity to compare attitudes towards success from just before regime transformation and every five years thereafter. We place in the paper a particular emphasis in the paper on previously unanalysed data from the years 2008–2013.

6

The meritocracy or “responsibility elite”? An evangelical approach to the issue of social elites

88%

Kopiec P.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2017

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vol. 20

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issue 7

91-101

EN

The notion of meritocracy is among the keywords used to describe the contemporary world. Increasingly, it has become a central concept of an order with globalization and the impact of free-market philosophy on society and culture as the main factors. The concept of meritocracy examines the nature of elites. On the one hand, meritocratic elites come from groups selected for their merits and competences; on the other hand, they avoid their responsibility towards society and culture. Amongst many counterproposals, it seems worthwhile to present the evangelical concept of elites embedded in evangelical social teaching. Evangelical theology introduces the idea of responsibility elites in its social discourse. According to evangelical theologians, in order to overcome the growing social, economic and cultural crisis of today, it might be necessary to rehabilitate the notion of the common good. Considered from a sociological and a theological standpoint, responsibility elites play a significant role in spreading the concept of the common good. The article presents theological guidelines for evangelical teachings on elites as well as evangelical proposals concerning the subject matter, collating them with a comprehensive assessment of meritocratic elites.

7

Merytokracja czy „elity odpowiedzialnościowe”? Ewangelicka interpretacja zagadnienia elit społecznych

88%

Kopiec P., John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, petrko@kul.lublin.pl

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2015

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vol. 18

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issue 2

EN

The notion of meritocracy is among the keywords used in order to describe the contemporary world. It has become more and more an inherent concept of an order whose main factors are said to be globalization as well as the impact of free market philosophy on society and culture. The concept of meritocracy considers the nature of elites. On the one hand, meritocratic elites are taken from groups selected for their merits and competences, but on the other hand they avoid their responsibility towards society and culture. Amongst many counterproposals it seems worthwhile to present the evangelical concept of elites which is deeply embedded in evangelical social teaching. Evangelical theology introduces in its social discourse the notion of the responsibility elites. According to evangelical theologians, the key task to overcome the growing social, economic and cultural crisis of today may be found in the rehabilitation of the notion of common good. Interpreted from a sociological as well as theological standpoint, responsibility elites play an important role when spreading the concept of the common good. The article presents theological guidelines of evangelical teaching on elites as well as evangelical proposals concerning the issue collating them with the broad diagnosis of the meritocratic elites.

8

Ideology of Meritocracy in Education – Social Reconstructions of (In)equality

87%

Sobczak A.

Studia Edukacyjne

|

2018

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issue 51

153-163

PL

The aim of the article is to reconstruct the theory of meritocracy, according to which each individual has an equal opportunities, regardless of gender, race, and origin, to achieve social and professional success. The author has also attempted to answer the question whether in the current social reality, in which we deal with overeducation and academic diploma inflation, the meritocratic belief about the exclusive influence of individual talents and merits on social and professional success finds its confirmation in social practice. The genesis, essence and directions of criticism of the concept of meritocracy are presented. The article points out that the ideology of meritocracy, despite its egalitarian assumptions, which undoubtedly contributed to the democratization of education, especially at the higher level, confirms social inequalities.

9

Genderové praktiky v konstrukci akademické excelence: Ovce s pěti nohama

75%

Van den Brink M., Benschop Y.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2013

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vol. 14

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issue 1

3-14

EN

Academic excellence is allegedly a universal and gender neutral standard of merit. This article examines exactly what is constructed as academic excellence at the micro-level, how evaluators operationalize this construct in the criteria they apply in academic evaluation, and how gender inequalities are imbued in the construction and evaluation of excellence. We challenge the view that the academic world is governed by the normative principle of meritocracy in its allocation of rewards and resources. Based on an empirical study of professorial appointments in the Netherlands, we argue that academic excellence is an evasive social construct that is inherently gendered. We show how gender is practiced in the evaluation of professorial candidates, resulting in disadvantages for women and privileges for men that accumulate to produce substantial inequalities in the construction of excellence.

10

O równości jako kierunku zmiany i przedmiocie badań – Ryszarda Borowicza rozważania nad selekcjami w edukacji

75%

Karwacki A.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2014

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issue 4(104)

257-275

EN

This text should be perceived as an review article in which the content of the monograph Social Inequalities in Access to Education… by Richard Borowicz allows for the presentation of his heritage which is leftfor the next generation of sociologists and educators. The text therefore exposes the approach to the profession of sociologist which was characteristic of Ryszard Borowicz, his scientific workshop and inspirations that we may draw from in relation to how to analyze the surrounding reality, how to communicate what we have determined, how to make methodological choices and, within them, choose the methods. At the same time, the text presents the continuity of the research into sociology of education in Poland, preserved also thanks to the research by the Author of the book discussed here. What is worth emphasizing is the diagnosis and assessment of the Polish transformation at the beginning of the twenty-first century in the context of young people’s educational fates (and their determinants), which is dominant in the monograph. The essence of Ryszard Borowicz’s research interests is the study on school selections. Therefore, the text contains an attempt at analyzing the findings in the book Social Inequality… relating to the mechanisms of selection in the educational system, including the analysis of the relevance of specific content, links with the findings by other researchers, and most of all, with the Author himself – his beliefs, motivations, and attitudes, which distinguished him in the scientific community.

11

Selekcje szkolne w toku kształcenia czy spontaniczne? Kilka pytań o merytokrację w świetle dorobku Profesora Ryszarda Borowicza

75%

Nowakowska-Kutra A.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2014

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issue 4(104)

297-314

EN

Processes of selection of schools have already constituted the object of the Doctoral Dissertation of Professor Ryszard Borowicz, prepared under a scientific supervision of Professor Zbigniew Kwieciński, and also of his numerous books and papers published throughout his whole scientific career. One of the leading concepts applied in the projects carried out by Professor Ryszard Borowicz was the meritocratic concept. Application of that theory in the explanation of phenomena taking place in the contemporary education system has been subject of critical analysis. Besides, the possible directions of studies have been proposed concerning the selection of schools, including the university-level of education. A number of questions have been raised worth answering, especially in face of dynamic transformations taking place in the Polish society that are somehow a consequence of belief in education that was supposed to create stratification mechanisms enabling promotion of positively selected individuals, according to the relation “merit-award”. With consideration for the Professor’s achievements, and for current indicators, some phenomena have been presented that currently exist in the system and are directly related with the problem of selection of schools.

12

Embracing the Lackluster: Investigating the Life (and Afterlives) of a Nineteenth-Century Workaday Actor

75%

Hughes A. E.

Pamiętnik Teatralny

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2022

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issue 3(282)

15-36

EN

US actor-manager Harry Watkins (1825–1894) was no one special. He yearned for fame, but merely skirted the edges of it. If Watkins has any “historical significance” at all, it is because he left behind a voluminous diary in which he chronicled his experiences during the years leading up to the US Civil War. When the author discovered the manuscript in 2008, Watkins’s lackluster became the subject of her research, focused on the question: what could this minor actor reveal about nineteenth-century US culture—a culture as obsessed with fame and achievement as today’s culture? The author argues that Watkins is significant precisely because of his ordinariness, his obscurity, his run-of-the-mill-ness. His experiences illuminate how “white mediocrity” (Koritha Mitchell) works and deepens our understanding of the insidious power of the American Dream. Watkins’s lack of visibility during his lifetime and subsequently suggests that mediocrity is a stigmatized state of being, a form of abjection. His cyclical highs and lows bring into focus the cultural forces that still shape the aspirations of today’s theater artists, and the triumphs and failures that define their (our) inexorably ordinary lives.

13

PARADOKS SPRAWIEDLIWOŚCI SPOŁECZNEJ: RÓWNOŚĆ ZASAD NIERÓWNOŚCI

71%

Sztompka P.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

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2012

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vol. 74

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issue 4

239-255

EN

The idea of justice has been present in social and political thought since Antiquity. It is also often to be found in common sense discourse, particularly in the context of protest, contestation and revolutionary movements inspired by the perception of injustice. But the meaning of the concept is neither obvious nor simple. The purpose of the paper is the analysis and explication of the concept of justice informed by the Aristotelian intuition of proportionality. The author distinguishes five varieties of justice and respective normative principles: distributive, communicative, retributive, transactional and attributive. In each case the demand for equality, often associated with the idea of justice, is shown to be untenable. Equality is relevant only as a meta-principle that rules the application of all five principles of justice. The proposed definition treats justice as the equality of principles generating multidimensional inequality, unavoidable and indispensable in social life.

PL

Pojęcie sprawiedliwości występuje w myśli społecznej i politycznej od czasów starożytnych. Bardzo często odnajdujemy je także w myśleniu potocznym, zwłaszcza w kontekście protestów, kontestacji czy ruchów rewolucyjnych skierowanych przeciwko odczuwanej niesprawiedliwości. Jego znaczenie nie jest jednak ani jasne, ani proste. Celem artykułu jest analiza i eksplikacja sensu pojęcia sprawiedliwości obierająca za punkt wyjścia arystotelesowską ideę właściwej proporcji. Rozróżnione zostaje pięć rodzajów sprawiedliwości i pięć odpowiednich zasad normatywnych: sprawiedliwość dystrybutywna, komunitatywna, retrybutywna, transakcyjna i atrybutywna. W wypadku każdego rodzaju odrzucona zostaje intuicja często wiązana ze sprawiedliwością: postulat równości. Równość ma sens jedynie jako metazasada odnosząca się do stosowania wszystkich zasad sprawiedliwości. Sprawiedliwość to w myśl proponowanej definicji równość zasad generujących wieloraką i konieczną w życiu społecznym nierówność.

14

Państwo i reguły zarządzania instytucjami publicznymi oraz majątkiem skarbu państwa po 2015 roku

71%

Kopińska G.

Studia z Polityki Publicznej

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2018

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vol. 5

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issue 3(19)

27-44

EN

The author – using empirical data – claims that a meritocratic approach to public governance in Poland does not seem deeply rooted. The research indicates that since mid-November 2015 until the beginning of November 2017 meritocratic rules have been totally ignored in governmental institutions including state-owned companies. Many legal regulations were enacted in order to introduce changes in managing bodies responsible for key public institutions as well as companies. The drive to improve their effectiveness were not of prime importance. The key criterion for promoting was based on the decision-maker’s personal trust. There are many implications of the above-mentioned development, including a loss of trust to the state resulting in a moral degeneration from the perspective of political class as well society as a whole.

PL

Autorka na podstawie danych empirycznych uzasadnia tezę, że merytokratyczne podejście do metod rządzenia w państwie jest w Polsce słabo zakorzenione. Wskazuje, że w instytucjach zależnych od rządu oraz spółkach skarbu państwa w okresie od połowy listopada 2015 r. do początku listopada 2017 r. doszło do całkowitego zarzucenia tych metod. Większość niezwykle licznie uchwalanych ustaw skupiała się na szybkości i szerokiej wymianie ciał zarządzających kluczowymi instytucjami i spółkami. Na dalszym planie pozostawała zwykle poprawa efektywności działania tych podmiotów. W wielu przypadkach głównym kryterium awansu było zaufanie decydenta. Najważniejszym skutkiem społecznym prowadzenia nieprzejrzystej, nieopartej na merytorycznych zasadach polityki personalnej jest podważanie zaufania do państwa, co jest degradujące zarówno dla klasy politycznej, jak i dla ogółu obywateli.

15

Pułapki rewolucji kadrowej

63%

Kwiatkowski M.

Prakseologia

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2017

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vol. 159

207-235

PL

Artykuł dotyczy radykalnych zmian w polityce kadrowej, które nastąpiły po wyborach parlamentarnych w 2015 roku. Zasadniczym celem jest próba ustalenia ich konsekwencji z punktu widzenia sprawności instytucji publicznych. W świetle koncepcji instytucjonalizacji reguł merytokracji kadrowej, obniżenie wymogów dotyczących kwalifikacji kandydatów oraz otwarcie drogi do stanowisk publicznych nominatom partyjnym, może spowodować szereg niekorzystnych efektów. Zostały one tutaj opisane jako trojakiego rodzaju „pułapki rewolucji kadrowej”: pułapka partykularyzmu, masowego klientelizmu i nieciągłości instytucjonalnej.

EN

The article concerns radical changes in personnel policy that followed the parliamentary elections in 2015. The main objective is to determine the consequences from the point of view of the efficiency of public institutions. In the light of the concept of institutionalization of the rule of meritocracy, lowering requirements for candidates and opening the way to the public positions for the party activists, can cause a range of adverse effects. They have been described here as the threefold „staffing revolution traps”: particularism, mass clientelism and institutional discontinuity.

16

Zmiany edukacyjnych aspiracji Polaków w okresie transformacji systemowej

63%

Lis S., Skuza K.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2015

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vol. 3(75)

PL

Analiza przemian postaw i aspiracji edukacyjnych Polaków i wybieranych przez nich strategii edukacyjnych w okresie transformacji systemowej jest zasadniczym celem artykułu. Kierunek zachodzących zmian w tym obszarze jest – jak wykazano – determinowany głównie przez proces merytokratyzacji postaw społecznych. Związany jest on z utrwalaniem się zasad liberalnego rynku pracy i poszerzaniem oferty instytucji edukacyjnych. Wyniki badań opinii publicznej potwierdzają istotny wzrost znaczenia wykształcenia, kwalifikacji i umiejętności jednostek w odniesieniu sukcesu nie tylko w sferze gospodarczej, ale także w osiągnięciu prestiżu społecznego i satysfakcji osobistej. Jednakże zbyt masowe i niekontrolowane rozszerzenie podaży usług szkolnictwa wyższego może prowadzić do obniżenia poziomu i jakości kształcenia i zatrzymania się tendencji merytokratycznej.

EN

The main objective of the paper is to analyse the changes in the attitudes and educational aspirations of the Polish citizens, and their preferred educational strategies, that could be observed in the transformation period. As shown in the paper, the direction of change in this area is mainly determined by the process of implementing meritocracy in the Polish society. This tendency is related to the consolidation of the liberal labour market on the one hand, and the expanding offer of various educational institutions on the other. Poll results confirm a significant increase in the perceived importance of education, skills and abilities in pursuit of individual success, not only in the economic dimension, but also for achieving social prestige and personal satisfaction. However, the massive and uncontrolled expansion of the supply of higher education services can adversely affect the quality of education and stifle the meritocratic tendencies.

17

Peculiarities of Power Transformation in the Modern Georgia

63%

Kakhidze I.

Acta Politica Polonica

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2018

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vol. 46

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issue 4

5-13

EN

The most significant technological processes which began from the 2nd half of the 20th century and were followed by a significant increase of the role of information, changes in all areas of social life, led to transformation of power relations. The above-mentioned phenomenon was demonstrated by introduction of social media, enhancement of mechanisms of social involvement in the decision-making process and introduction of electronic democracy. There is a difference of opinions in connection with the above-mentioned transformation results among the modern scientists which is expressed in the form of narratives of „cyber optimist” and „cyber pessimist” researchers. In this regard, peculiarities of power transformation in Georgia and its socio-political results are addressed in the article.

PL

Najważniejsze procesy technologiczne, które rozpoczęły się w drugiej połowie XX wieku, wynikający z nich znaczący wzrost roli informacji oraz zmiany we wszystkich obszarach życia społecznego doprowadziły do transformacji stosunków władzy. Zjawisko to objawia się użyciem mediów społecznościowych, wzmocnieniem mechanizmów zaangażowania społecznego w proces decyzyjny i wprowadzeniem demokracji elektronicznej. Wśród współczesnych naukowców nie ma zgody w kwestii oceny wskazanych zmian – badacze dzielą się na cyberoptymistów i cyberpesymistów. Z takiej perspektywy w artykule omówiono specyfikę transformacji władzy w Gruzji i jej efekty społeczno-polityczne.

18

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MERITOCRATIC PRINCIPLE IN EUROPEAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEMS

51%

Ohotnykova O. V.

International Journal of Legal Studies (IJOLS)

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2018

|

issue 4(2)

91-101

EN

The article analyzed the experience of forming the personnel of the public administration system in France, Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Latvia. The author defined the procedures for selection and formation of a management elite in these countries. The article noted that the main stages of selection and formation of managerial personnel is the passage of the system of examinations on language proficiency and knowledge of legislation. The author stated that in France, Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Latvia there is no legislative regulation of the merito-cratic principle as a principle of selection of talented specialists. In addition, the personal qualities of the managerial elite remain to be neglected. Separately, the question of creating a reserve of talented youth is needed, which will allow permanent rotation of staff in the system of public administration, and also create conditions for the development of personnel, depend-ing on their talents and abilities. The author proposes ways to improve the system of examina-tions and procedures for recruiting.

PL

W artykule została przeanalizowane doświadczenie kształtowania kadr w systemie administracji publicznej we Francji, Niemczech, Wielka Brytanii, Polsce i na Łotwie. Autor zdefiniował procedury doboru i kształtowania elit administracyjnych w tych krajach. W artykule zaznaczono, że główne etapy doboru i kształtowania kadr administracyjnych składają się z egzaminów z zakresu wiedzy językowej oraz dotyczącej legislacji. Autor stwierdził, że we Francji, Niemczech, Wielkiej Brytanii, Polsce i na Łotwie brak regulacji prawnych dotyczących zasad mery-tokratycznych jako zasad doboru utalentowanych specjalistów. Na dodatek cechy osobowe elit administracyjnych są dalej pomijane. Oddzielną kwestią pozostaje potrzeba stworzenia rezerwy utalentowanej młodzieży, co pozwoli na ciągłą rotację kadr w systemie administracji publicznej, a także stworzy warunki dla rozwoju kadr w zależności od ich talentów i umiejętno-ści. Autor proponuje sposoby poprawienia systemu egzaminowania i procedur rekrutacji.

19

Meritocratic Justification in Rulemaking and its Criticism Based on the Example of American Regulatory Agencies

51%

Srokosz J.

Roczniki Nauk Prawnych

|

2020

|

vol. 30

|

issue 4

131-148

EN

Mertitocracy, in the intention of the author of this concept Michael Young, meant entrusting the exercise of power over specific areas of social life to people with appropriate skills and competence. The implementation of meritocratic assumptions in social reality was to create a system where experts were to play a key role in managing social life. This postulate also referred to creating regulations for selected areas of social life, which should be entrusted to specialized, professional entities. The Author discusses the importance and role of meritocratic justification for legislation on the example of US independent regulatory agencies. This justification has a twofold role: 1) as a factor legitimizing the shape of the introduced regulations and 2) as a camouflage for the implementation of the interests of the agencies themselves or of specific pressure groups or group of interests.

PL

Uzasadnienie merytokratyczne w prawotwórstwie i jego krytyka na przykładzie działalności amerykańskich agencji rządowych Mertytokracja, w zamyśle autora tego pojęcia Michaela Younga, oznaczała powierzenie sprawowania władzy nad określonymi obszarami życia społecznego osobom posiadającym odpowiednie do tego umiejętności. Skutkiem implementacji założeń merytokratycznych miało być stworzenie systemu, gdzie kluczową rolę w zarządzaniu życiem społecznym pełnić mieli eksperci. Postulat ten odnosił się także do tworzenia regulacji wybranych dziedzin życia społecznego, co powinno zostać powierzone wyspecjalizowanym, profesjonalnym podmiotom. Autor omawia znaczenie i rolę uzasadnienia merytokratycznego dla prawodawstwa na przykładzie amerykańskich agencji regulacyjnych. Uzasadnienie to ma dwojakie znaczenie: 1) jako czynnik legitymizujący kształt wprowadzanych przepisów oraz 2) jako kamuflaż dla realizacji interesów samych agencji czy też określonych grup nacisku czy interesów.

Refine search results

Middle Class and the Importance of Education. Socio-Cultural and Political Aspects

The Effect of Education on Earnings Distribution in Poland: 1988–2013

Centrally Planned Allocation of Higher Education Graduates in Romania (1950-1970)

Regional variation in the effect of schooling on people's incomes in Poland

Determinants of Success in Public Opinion in Poland: Factors, Directions and Dynamics of Change

The meritocracy or “responsibility elite”? An evangelical approach to the issue of social elites

Merytokracja czy „elity odpowiedzialnościowe”? Ewangelicka interpretacja zagadnienia elit społecznych

Ideology of Meritocracy in Education – Social Reconstructions of (In)equality

Genderové praktiky v konstrukci akademické excelence: Ovce s pěti nohama

O równości jako kierunku zmiany i przedmiocie badań – Ryszarda Borowicza rozważania nad selekcjami w edukacji

Selekcje szkolne w toku kształcenia czy spontaniczne? Kilka pytań o merytokrację w świetle dorobku Profesora Ryszarda Borowicza

Embracing the Lackluster: Investigating the Life (and Afterlives) of a Nineteenth-Century Workaday Actor

PARADOKS SPRAWIEDLIWOŚCI SPOŁECZNEJ: RÓWNOŚĆ ZASAD NIERÓWNOŚCI

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