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EN
Presented results are part of a broader study on the metropolitan region as the space of recreational penetration. It employed diagnostic survey and the tool used was the questionnaire prepared by the authors. The purpose of the following paper is to characterize selected aspects of physical recreation only of inhabitants with disabilities of the Poznań metropolis. It presents below only the results concerning the basic information of physical recreation of this social group, without the analysis of the conditionality of the participations in this kind of leisure time activities. The study results indicate that the participation of people with disabilities in physical recreation near and away from their place of residence is low. Respondents prefer weekend activity near their place of residence and the forms of recreation are not very diverse. They usually use small recreation and sports facilities or they use outdoor infrastructure. Enhanced involvement of people with disabilities in physical recreation together with personalized, adjusted to a given dysfunction offer is required.
EN
The right for electing the representatives of authority bodies is one of the fundamentals of democracy. This right entitles citizens for active public participation through expressing their support (votes) for candidates, which will respectively represent their voters in certain institutions. Polish electoral law, which regulates the local self–government elections is very controversial. The existing legal rules were changed many times since 2011. Among the subjects being discussed one can mention electoral campaigns, candidate registration rules and organization of elections. Frequent changes in the electoral law result in misunderstandings and unwillingness to participate in elections. Their effect is low voter turnout and a large number of invalid votes. To sum up considerations over a political model of large cities, it is worth to indicate that during the last 25 years of operation of Polish local government none of political models of big cities was adopted.
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2015
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vol. 10
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issue 2
143-156
EN
Metropolitan areas are increasingly often regarded as the key drivers of economic growth and the main targets of social and economic development strategies. Those processes are fraught with numerous limitations and barriers. The aim of this study was to identify major problems in the development of Polish metropolitan areas. The key issues were characterized based on a review of the available literature. Attempts were made to propose general solutions to selected problems. In Poland, the identification of metropolitan areas poses a problem, which lowers the effectiveness of management strategies for those regions. Polish urban agglomerations have weakly developed metropolitan functions, which compromises their status in European rankings and European metropolitan area networks.
EN
Focusing on the joint analysis of security trends and the organization of the private security market in France, this article addresses the new relationships between different security players and modern citizenship and society within the framework of metropolization. Despite the construction of an extended sovereign power, especially after the Second World War, the governments started to cooperate in the 1990s with other partners and to vary the levels of decision making in terms of security policies. Experts from private security companies or local councillors are new operators in the so-called “security co-production”. An analysis at the metropolis scale seems important in order to understand the issues related to security for two reasons: firstly, because of the particular pressure connected to the recent terrorist attacks than can affect the “identity” of the city; secondly, because “incivility” – constructed as a major political problem since the 1990s – is linked to social structures of local territories within a wider one, with differentiated means for the people who live in the metropolitan center of social framework. The social representations of order and social control are still based on the relationships between private property, transports and public (access) spaces. The new security identity of cities depends on the relationships between local policies and the socio-economic reality of citizens, including private security guards, whose life conditions are an expression of the paradoxes of modern life.
EN
Metropolis logistics is a new research issue that begins to play an important role in shaping inter-organizational relationships. The concept of logistics in metropolitan context is a contemporary term used primarily to identify issues that will improve the transformation of products and information in building inter-organizational efficiency. On the one hand, the issues of metropolitan logistics are based on shaping the flow of products and information in building inter-organizational efficiency. On the other hand, the formation of inter-organizational bonds has a complex and multidimensional structure that creates a specific network of interactions, in which metropolitan logistics determines their development in relation to the environment. The aim of the article is to identify the conditions that build up inter-organizational relations within the Silesian-Zagłębie (Ś-Z) metropolitan area. The article presents selected results of exploratory research carried out among logistic entities operating in the Silesian-Zagłębie metropolitan area. The authors attempted to answer the question: what are the challenges ahead of metropolitan logistics in shaping interorganizational relationships?
EN
Metropolises are a force that drives the growth of the economy, attracts well educated individuals, clusters investors and innovations. Proper functioning and sustainable development of metropolitan areas affect the quality of life and growth of the economy. The paper is an overview of the basic problems of Polish metropolitan areas, especially delimitation of Polish metropolitan area and contains an attempt of the solution and legal regulations.
EN
The article concerns the real estate market in Polish metropolitan areas and the factors that affect it. The purpose of this study is to identify the most important elements affecting the conditions, functioning and perspectives of the real estate market. In the study six metropolitan areas: Warsaw, Łódź, Cracow, Wrocław, Poznań and Tri-City have been presented. The comparison of statistics and annual reports of selected banks and consulting firms have shown that the real estate market changed under the influence of external factors, associated with changes in the world economy and the crisis. The beginning of the changes was a crisis on the mortgage market in the United States and internal factors associated with Polish economic situation connected with the Polish accession to the European Union in 2004 and with amended legislation on the conditions for obtaining loans for the purchase of real estates.
EN
Nowadays local creative capital determines the development and quality of life for residents of the metropolis. Thus the creation of such capital, especially in the former districts of the metropolis, is also the goal and challenge for the biggest Polish cities. The article presents the socio-cultural and spatial conditions of formation of local creative capital on the example of revitalized Wroclaw Nadodrze.
EN
The coordination of indebtness of states and, consequently, local government units, is becoming increasingly more important all over the world. The effects caused by the excessive levels of debt can be observed not only in Poland but all over the world, which greatly intensified the financial crisis that occurred in 2008. This publication will examine a problem of the impact of capital expenditure on the deficit in the biggest cities in Poland, which as a consequence increases their debt. The aim of the study is to answer the question whether capital expenditures have a significant impact on the deficit in metropolitan areas in Poland and if excessive debt brake policy may affect investment in major Polish cities. As the study shows capital expenditures, which are so crucial to the development of infrastructure of the metropolises in Poland, do not play a significant impact on the deficit. Despite a constant volume of capital expenditure in the period covered by the study there was a significant decrease in the size of the deficits of the metropolises. Therefore the policy of controlling the debt level does not limit capital expenditure in the metropolises by the lack of effect of that category on the development of deficits.
EN
We are condemned to wander – critically, emotionally, politically, passionately – in a world characterized by an excess of sense which, while offering the chance of meaning continues to flee ahead us. This is our world, our responsibility, our only chance. In this paper, we see that the metropolis narrated by Peter Ackroyd and Penelope Lively is above all ‘a myth, a tale, a character, a living-body’, an imaginary construct, ‘a telling’ that helps some of us to locate our home in postmodernity. To inhabit a city is to be immersed in a common experience. It is the chatter of the city that now maintains this site of a discourse and dialogue. In the metropolis, it becomes necessary to form a new sense of ethics in its multiple and differential histories. The Mind - being it of the Reader or of the Writer - is eventually the site of sense.
RU
The anthology Myths of Megapolis (Mify megapolisa), published in 2007, due to the variety of the presented short stories shows various perspectives of the metropolis’ life and the fears of its citizens. The article discusses and classifies these fears and analyses their connection with the substance of the metropolis itself.
EN
In its methodological context, the article, expands on the idea of the organization of the “Silesia” superstructure. The idea of establishing a common urban organism emerged with the local governments of the Upper Silesian conurbation cities and was dictated by the need to find a way to change the traditional image of the Silesian region and its post-industrial role in the economic space of the country, as well as Europe. Therefore, in 2009, the Metropolitan Association of Upper- Silesia, an association for the initial institutionalization of “Silesia”, was registered, because “Silesia” does not hold any administrative or legal force. Such an organizational “revolution” of the Upper Silesian conurbation initiated a wide social debate, in which the arguments of both supporters and opponents of such an enterprise in the Silesian region became apparent, together with misunderstandings related to the term “metropolis”, and the idea of establishing “Silesia”. Representatives of local governments chose the more prestigious term “metropolis” as if a complex metropolisation had taken place in the Upper Silesian conurbation. It would be adequate, however, to look only for the first features of metropolitan functions in this de-industrialized and restructured region, which are going to shape the longlasting metropolisation process under the influence of globalisation.
EN
Because of the multifunctional character of cities and a large variety of resources and forms of tourist activity available in metropolitan areas, they are important tourist destinations. Depending on the scope of analysis, tourist traffic can be studied in the context of a city, municipality or region. The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of cycling and cultural tourism in the metropolitan area of Szczecin. This article provides information on tourism assets and initiatives that foster the development of cycling tourism.
EN
Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia (Metropolis GZM) is the first metropolitan association operating in Poland according to the Act. It includes 41 municipalities of various sizes, administrative statuses and affiliations to cultural regions. This situation poses a significant challenge for integrating municipalities and residents of the Metropolis GZM. The article presents an analysis of selected social dimensions of intra-metropolitan diversity, taking into account the size structure of the municipality and the cultural heterogeneity of the Metropolis GZM. The empirical point of reference was a secondary analysis of data from original and co-authored research conducted in the metropolitan area in the last ten years and publicly available data from public sources. Their analysis revealed, on the one hand, the durability of symbolic boundaries (including phantom ones), the emerging new divisions (between new and rooted inhabitants of peripheral metropolitan municipalities), and, on the other hand, the deepening functional integration of the municipalities and inhabitants belonging to Metropolis GZM.
EN
The article presents the most important results of sociological research conducted in 2011 in 14 cities of the “Silesia” Metropolis (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia “Silesia”). The study formed the basis of a thesis written under the supervision of professor Marek S. Szczepanski, defended at the Institute of Sociology at the University of Silesia in Katowice. The thesis won the ministry of regional development award in the competition “Teraz Polska Promocja 2011”. Themain focus of research is an analysis of the social reception of a new urban brand (“Silesia” Metropolis) in less than a year after the introduction of the corporate identity and launching the informative campaign. The study including questions on corporate identity, sympathy towards the new brand is followed by an in-depth analysis of plethora of themes, especially socio-cultural, political and economic background. Presented sociological studies are qualitative (expert interview) and quantitative (survey).
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie procesów konwergencji wewnątrzregionalnej w różnych typach europejskich makroregionów metropolitalnych w latach 1995–2004. Do wyróżnienia tych typów wykorzystano analizę czynnikową przeprowadzoną metodą składowych głównych oraz analizę skupień metodą Warda. W efekcie możliwe stało się ukazanie specyficznej sytuacji różnych typów makroregionów, w tym między innymi „pęknięcia” regionów stołecznych krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej oraz innych makroregionów peryferyjnych. Największą spójnością wewnętrzną charakteryzowały się natomiast makroregiony nowoczesnego przemysłu położone w północnych Włoszech oraz południowej części Niemiec, a także regiony problemowe pozostające w trakcie restrukturyzacji. Najbardziej zróżnicowaną grupą, która nie tworzyła jednak osobnego typu, okazały się makroregiony stołeczne mniejszych krajów przede wszystkim dawnej UE 15.
EN
The article presents intraregional convergence processes in different types of European metropolitan macro-regions in the years 1995–2004. The typology is based on factor analysis using principal components methods as well as cluster analysis using the Ward method. The results of the analysis indicate the presence of a specific situation in particular types of macro-regions. On the one hand, a clear internal divide of capital city regions of Central and Eastern European Countries was observed, as well as large interregional differences in the level of development in other peripheral macro-regions. On the other hand, Northern Italian and Southern German macro-regions, dependent on modern industry, were internally quite coherent regarding their level of development. The situation was similar also in some regions that experience problems and undergo restructurisation processes. Capital city regions of smaller European countries, especially from the former EU15 (but not constituting any particular type), were the most differentiated group of macro-regions.
PL
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja i diagnoza problemów obszarów metropolitalnych w Polsce. W pierwszej części autorzy przedstawiają przegląd najważniejszych przejawów procesów metropolizacji wraz z próbą wskazania problemów, jakie mogą im towarzyszyć w skali lokalnej i regionalnej. Stanowi to podstawę do identyfikacji najważniejszych ośrodków miejskich w Polsce, dla których przeprowadzono delimitację ich obszarów metropolitalnych. W kolejnej części artykułu wyróżnione obszary scharakteryzowano pod kątem ukazania ich najważniejszych problemów rozwojowych. W efekcie możliwe stało się sformułowanie rekomendacji dotyczących działań, które usprawniłyby funkcjonowanie największych miast i ich otoczenia.
EN
The aim of the paper is to indicate metropolitan areas in Poland as well as to provide the assessment of their situation. The first part is devoted to literature review focused on identification of the most significant trade-offs of metropolisation process in regional and local scale. This constitutes a base for indication of the most important cities in Poland for which delineation of their metropolitan areas are provided. In the next part these metropolitan areas were characterised to reveal obstacles in their development. This enables authors to provide recommendations regarding activates that should be undertaken to facilitate growth of the largest cities and their surroundings.
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