Search results - CEJSH

1

The migration policy of Switzerland

100%

Perkowska M.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2015

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issue 3

41-54

PL

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie polityki migracyjnej Szwajcarii od II połowy XX wieku aż do czasów współczesnych. Polityka migracyjna Szwajcarii ewoluowała przez ostatnie dziesięciolecia uwarunkowana z jednej strony dużym zapotrzebowaniem na siłę roboczą z drugiej jednak silnymi poglądami ksenofobicznymi wpływającymi m.in. na zaostrzenie polityki migracyjnej. Szczególna uwaga zostanie poświęcona referendum z lutego 2014 r., w którym naród szwajcarski opowiedział się za ograniczeniem swobodnego przepływu osób między Szwajcarią a Unią Europejską.

EN

The main aim of the paper is to present Swiss migration policy from the second part of the 20thg century till present. This policy has evolved over recent decades. It was strongly influenced by the economic need for workers on the one hand, and by xenophobic opinions that made this policy more strict. The central part of the paper concerns the popular initiative voted through on 9 February 2014, when the Swiss nation decided to limit the free movement of people between Switzerland and the European Union.

2

Immigration policies in Lithuania: institutional and legislative developments, challenges and opportunities

94%

Žibas K.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

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2015

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issue 31(4)

59-79

EN

Analysing national programmes, state strategies and other documents that regulate immi- gration and migrant integration in Lithuania, this article provides an overview of policy priorities in this field before and after the enlargement of the European Union (EU). The main theoretical approaches of migration processes and policies are reviewed to conceptu- alise the field in which the Lithuanian immigration and migrant integration polices are to be analysed. The article covers different types of immigration, reveals main immigration trends and provides contextual information: policy responses and political discussions, public debates and societal attitudes towards immigration. It touches on the newest legi- slative and institutional developments in the field concerned and reveals that before 2014, immigration policy in Lithuania was based on the so-called ad hoc principle, while during the first half of 2014, a new trend emerged as the government adopted the ‘Lithuanian Migration Policy Guidelines’ and ‘Action Plan for Implementation of the Policy for the Integration of Foreigners’. At the same time, integration of foreigners as a new area of policy emerged in the Ministry of Social Security of Labour. Migrant integration is beco- ming a prioritised policy area. However, its challenging aspect has to be emphasised as deeper analysis of migrant integration infrastructure revealed that project-based activities, supported by the EU funds, have already managed to ‘change’ the implementation of migrant integration policy at state level.

3

MPS from the West Pomeranian Province on Polish migration policy. Analysis based on submitted interpellations in the 9th term of the Parliament of the Republic of Poland

94%

Giedrojć M.

Reality of Politics

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2023

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issue 25

7-22

EN

The statutory right of a deputy to submit interpellations is provided for in the Rules of Procedure of the Polish Parliament as well as in the Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Depute and Senator. The aim of the paper is to analyse Poland’s migration policy in 2019–2023 in the context of interpellations submitted by MPs. In substance, they covered three areas of migration policy: the creeping refugee crisis in the EU and its consequences for Poland, the conflict on the external border of the European Union, which is the Polish-Belarusian border, and Russian aggression against Ukraine and the resulting mass presence of Ukrainians as war refugees in Poland. The analysis showed that in the period in question, Poland does not have a comprehensive migration strategy. In situations of inflow of large numbers of foreigners, decisions of the Polish government are made ad hoc and confirm the thesis that the PiS government is unable to cope with new migration challenges. The source basis of the analysis are interpellations submitted by MPs from the West Pomeranian Province addressed to the Prime Minister, the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration and the Minister of Education and Science. They are supplemented by laws and extensive literature on the subject.

4

Regionalna polityka (i)migracyjna jako narzędzie stymulowania rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem woj. opolskiego)

94%

Kubiciel-Lodzińska S.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2013

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issue 3(33)

25-32

PL

Czy możliwe jest tworzenie polityki (i )migracyjnej na poziomie regionalnym? Do tej pory o politykach migracyjnych mówiło się najczęściej analizując je w skali europejskiej lub ogólnokrajowej. Niewykluczone jednak, że zadania z tego zakresu należałoby także wypracowywać na poziomie regionalnym. Wynika to chociażby ze specyfiki pewnych obszarów, a takim jest województwo opolskie, w którym migracje zagraniczne stały się istotnym elementem rozwoju społeczno-ekonomicznego. Konsekwencją odpływu mieszkańców regionu może stać się napływ cudzoziemców. Sądzić można, że w związku z trwającą obecnie w województwie opolskim dyskusją nad depopulacją oraz tworzeniem mechanizmów zaradczych, warto byłoby zastanowić się także nad wypracowaniem polityki odnoszącej się do napływu obcokrajowców do regionu. Wydaje się, że Opolszczyzna w zakresie opracowania indywidualnej, regionalnej polityki (i)migracyjnej mogłaby być pionierem i stworzyć „dobrą praktykę” dla innych województw, a także dla działań, które mogłyby być realizowane w skali całego kraju. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie napływu obcokrajowców do Polski i województwa opolskiego, który można traktować jako konsekwencję emigracji zagranicznej obserwowanej w kraju i w regionie oraz wskazanie ewentualnych możliwości korzystania z obecności cudzoziemców.

EN

Is it possible to create immigration policy at the regional level? To date, migration policies have been analyzed at the European or national level. However, it is possible this issue should also be worked out at the regional level. This is connected with the specific nature of certain areas, such as the Opole Voivodship, in which international migration has become an important element of socio-economic development. The consequence of migration of residents of the region may become an influx of foreigners. It can be believed that, in view of the ongoing discussion in the Opole Voivodship of depopulation and the creation of remedial mechanisms, it would be worthwhile to consider developing policies related to the influx of foreigners in the region. It seems that the Opole Voivodship in the development of an individual, regional immigration policy could be a pioneer and create a "good practice" for other regions, as well as measures that could be implemented throughout the entire country. The purpose of this article is to show the influx of foreigners in Poland and Opole Voivodship, which can be regarded as a consequence of emigration of Poles observed in the country and the region, and to identify possible opportunities to benefit from the presence of foreigners.

5

AKTYWNOŚĆ AUSTRII NA FORUM UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ W DOBIE KRYZYSU MIGRACYJNEGO W EUROPIE WYBRANE ASPEKTY

94%

Godlewska E.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2022

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issue 1 (382)

31-41

EN

The aim of the article is to show the changes in Austria’s position towards EU solutions in the field of migration policy. The text highlights two aspects: on the one hand - the EU migrant relocation program, and on the other - the Austrian presidency of the EU Council. It is also important to discuss the internal determinants of the Austrian government’s actions on the EU forum. The article’s main focus is on the years 2015-2018 (from the increased influx of foreigners to the withdrawal from the EU program of forced relocation), i.e. the period in which there was a clear tendency to change the attitude towards the phenomenon of migration in Austria. The text adopts the thesis that in the time of migration crisis, there was a noticeable tendency in Austria to tighten the course towards immigrants, which was the background for Austria’s activity in the arena of the European Union. The article uses the method of decision analysis, which allows to indicate the causes and effects of political and factor decisions, useful in the identification of factors shaping Austria’s policy, and thus also the conditions for the activity of the Austrian government administration in the EU structures.

6

Polityka migracyjna w programach polskich partii politycznych po 1989 r.

94%

Polko P.

Wschodnioznawstwo

|

2018

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issue 12

339-354

EN

Although migration policy wasn’t the most important theme of election campaigns in Poland after 1989, different ways of understanding it, numer of touched motives and classification as an element of foreign, social, historical or security policy makes it as an interesting subject of research. The article aims to present migration policy in programmes of polish political parties and their critical analysis.

7

The Impact of the EU Migration and Visa Policy on the Development of Cross-Border Cooperation in the Field of Tourism between Ukraine and Poland

94%

Fogel K.

Studia Periegetica

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2017

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vol. 18(2)

75-85

EN

This article explores the impact of the EU migration and visa policy on the development of cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and Poland. Cross-border tourism is presented as an important element of international tourism, which affects the development of border regions and has positive consequences for the overall development of the country. Analysis focuses on cross-border cooperation in the border regions of Ukraine and Poland and ways of increasing the competitiveness of tourism offerings by forming integrated joint tourism products. The authors also investigate the impact of the visa policy of both countries on tourism in border regions.

8

WYZWANIA POLITYKI MIGRACYJNEJ FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ. ZARYS PROBLEMATYKI

94%

WOJNICZ P.

Civitas et Lex

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2015

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issue 1(5)

65-83

EN

Migration is a mass phenomenon of our time, a permanent phenomenon which takes many forms, affects all continents and all countries. This phenomenon is one of the most important social and international issues of the modern world. In this context, the Russian Federation is not free from problems arising from migration processes. Migration policy of the Russian Federation is a very important part of that country’s geopolitical game. Location Russia between the European Union and China creates considerable scope to influence the shape of migration processes not only regional but also global. Russia has become a country of immigration. There are two very important aspects in the migration policy of Russia: the internal and external aspects. The internal aspect relates to such phenomena as the fight against the demographic crisis and related deficits in the labor market, national and religious revival of ethnic groups living in Russia, the low level of social integration of immigrants. In terms of external migration policy is treated as an instrument of pressure on the countries of the former Soviet Union, a way of shaping relations with China and the element of national security. Russian migration policy is an active instrument for solving problems within the country, as well as a very important foreign policy wizard. Pejorative side of this policy is that it is planned from above, without taking into account the needs and nature of various Russian regions.

9

Language and education policy as one of the main challenges of migrant integration in Poland

94%

Wąsikiewicz-Firlej E.

Glottodidactica

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2021

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vol. 48

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issue 2

111-129

EN

This article aims to map current state policy and governmental responses to migrant integration in Poland, as well as to identify pressing needs and key challenges in this area, with a particular focus on language and education. It draws on a literature review and analysis of legal documents and reports on migrant integration and language policy for 1989–2020. When analysing the data, particular attention was paid to the declared state policy on migrant integration and its actual implementation, as captured in the Supreme Audit Office (NIK 2015, 2020) and Migrant Integration Policy Index reports (MIPEX 2015, 2020). The research shows that the scope of integration activities and their effects have been unsatisfactory to date. The situation of migrants in Poland was dubbed “equality on paper” in the MIPEX 2020 report. Current programmes and activities are not fostering full integration of migrants. Apart from housing and employment issues, a lack of language skills and education that is not responsive to the needs of migrants remain the main barriers to migrant integration in Poland.

10

Europe not for all? Romani Immigrants in Western European Countries

94%

Talewicz-Kwiatkowska J.

Journal of Applied Cultural Studies

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2015

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vol. 1

EN

The study aims at an analysis of Romani immigrants’ position in Western European countries with a special emphasis on the selected countries’ policies. The author focuses on Romani immigrants in Italy and France, noting that as a result of the internal diversification of the Romani community, it is impossible to develop a single strategy and policy. Due to that fact, the author is of the opinion that it is necessary to follow a diversified approach which considers social and cultural contexts, as well as economic, geographic and legal issues.

11

The migration challenges in the aspect of social security and migration policy of Poland

83%

Poleszczuk M.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

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2019

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vol. 33(33)

81-94

EN

The article describes the theoretical basics, origins and present meaning of Polish migration policy, based on chosen migration statistics. It contains the characteristics of the views of the key experts in the field. It explains the meaning of migration policy and its impact on the so-cial security of the country. The article is based on the statistical data of the immigration of people from Ukraine to Poland in comparison with other countries in the years 2010–2018. The article also explains the meaning of the phenomenon of migration and its influence on the labour market.

12

Migranci w Europie. Uwarunkowania i metody integracji – przykład Holandii

83%

Sawicki K.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

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2017

|

vol. 30

EN

Migration policy of the European Union countries underwent significant changes over the past decades. They are particularly interesting in the case of „old“ EU countries, where the migrants movement is an effect of the colonial past and the demand for labour force. There’re analysed three essential key stages of migration policy (guest workers, multi-cultural and citizenship approach). Netherlands was the reference point, because of its colonial past, the specificity of migrant diasporas structure and problems. There’re described sociocultural conditions and examples of action projects realised in the context of social exclusion and marginalisation and also critical opinions. Special attention was paid to changes in patterning, effects of migration that took place in recent years as well as prevention projects based on local communities.

13

Italian migration law and policy in 2013-2019

83%

Szulc N., Szymaniak A.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2020

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issue 1 (374)

139-158

EN

Background. The intensification of migratory flows has opened up a discussion on the values on which the European Union is based. Securitization of migration in Italy has influenced changes in migration law and political discourse. Aim. The main aim of the article was to determine the impact of legislation and policies on migration and migrants in Italy. Method. We conducted a review of the narrative literature from the studied area. In our work we used the methodology of political sciences. We have subjected normative acts to in-depth analysis. In addition, we used the results of statistical research. Results. There is a strong link between the securitization of Italian migration and asylum law and the situation of migrants and refugees in Italy. The architecture of Italian migration law reflects the politicisation of the problem. Securitization has enabled extraordinary legal measures to be taken in the name of security. Italian migration policy and law from 2017-2019 has negatively affected the quality of life and the integration of migrants. Additional information. The results provide a starting point for broader research into other European migration systems and policies. The results of an in-depth comparative analysis and the use of countries’ experiences may be a starting point for redefining the Polish migration law and policy on migration and migrants.

14

Migracje Polaków do Szwecji po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej w 2004 roku

83%

Friedrich M.

Cywilizacja i Polityka

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2016

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vol. 14

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issue 14

163-173

PL

Migracje ludności uznać należy za jedną z fundamentalnych wartości życia kulturowo-cywilizacyjnego, kształtującą nową rzeczywistość społeczną świata. W przestrzeni powiązanej strukturą Unii Europejskiej zauważyć można dwa odmienne zjawiska związane z migracją: dążenie do wcielenia w życie zasady swobodnego przepływu osób oraz zjawisko stosowania przez wiele państw ograniczeń dotyczących imigrantów. Szwecja wyróżnia się na tle innych państw europejskich przychylnością dla ludności napływowej. Królestwo Szwecji postrzega się jako kraj otwarty na imigrację, gdzie polityka migracyjna i integracyjna oparta została na zasadach równości, solidarności, współpracy i konsensusu. Liczba Polaków w tym kraju jest już trzecią największą liczbą cudzoziemców, ulegając zwiększeniu zwłaszcza po wstąpieniu Polski do UE. Praca zarobkowa jest głównym celem migracji obywateli polskich do Szwecji, jednakże kraj ten jest również coraz częściej wybierany przez młodych ludzi jako miejsce do zdobycia wykształcenia, zwłaszcza wyższego.

EN

Human migration should be considered as one of the fundamental values of cultural and civilization life, which is creating a new social reality. In the European Union there are different attitudes towards migration: on one hand – professing the principle of free human movement and on the other hand – making restrictions on immigrants. Sweden stands out from other European countries because of friendliness for immigrants. In this country, the migration and integration policy is based on the principles of equality, solidarity, cooperation and consensus. Number of Poles in Sweden is the third largest number of foreigners and it is still increasing, especially after accession of Poland to the European Union. Gainful employment is the main objective of Polish citizens migrating to Sweden. The country is also being selected by young people as a place, where everyone could gain an education, especially higher education. Keywords: international migration, migration policy, integration policy, Sweden multiculturalism, Polish migrants in Sweden.

15

Kilka uwag na temat polskiej polityki migracyjnej w rocznicę 10-lecia członkostwa w UE

83%

Bojenko-Izdebska E.

Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe

|

2014

|

issue 1

81-92

EN

This article analyses Polish migration and asylum policies and how they conform to EU legislation. Firstly, it focuses on the most important stages of developing these policies in the EU and their legal and institutional implementation in Poland. Secondly, it discusses the current trends of economic migration to Poland, the challenges of migrant integration, and the attitudes of Polish citizens to migrant workers. Finally, it shows how Polish asylum and visa policies, and ways of combatting illegal immigration are in line with EU requirements. The article also shows that in recent years economic migration has been recognised as positively influencing economic growth and innovation, especially when migration of highly qualified workers is regulated. One of the most important challenges for the future is the development of appropriate integration strategies for migrants coming to Poland.

16

International Labour Migration. A Present-Day Phenomenon Using the Example of Slovakia

83%

Kolláriková P.

Ethnologia Actualis

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2016

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vol. 16

|

issue 1

30-40

EN

The term migration encompasses a dynamic and complex process affected by numerous components that at the same time creates numerous relationships and factors. Nowadays, migration is understood as a natural phenomenon that occurs in every state and as a source of cultural diversity or cultural contribution. Migration touches upon a great number of issues in the fields of demography, economy, language, religion, national security and politics. This study describes international labour migration illustrated with the example of Slovakia as well as the theories that explain the beginnings and continuance of this type of migration. Contemporary migration trends shed light on which countries are presently the most attractive for labour migrants. The part devoted to migration policy attempts to generally define this term. The conclusion of the study is dedicated to the impact of labour migration on both the countries of origin and destination.

17

Migration Policy in the Area of Border Control and Migration of the Population in OECD Countries –Theoretical and Practical Aspects

83%

Woźniak K.

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

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2020

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vol. 38

219-244

EN

The aim of the study is to present the phenomenon of population migration and migration policy as part of the state’s economic policy based on the example of OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries, with particular emphasis on the area of migration policy, which is border control and related illegal migration. The temporal scope of the empirical analysis covers the period 1990-2016. The article consists of four main parts. The discussion began with a presentation of the balance of migration, the scale and dynamics of population immigration in OECD countries. Furthermore, the significance, areas and process of shaping migration policy as a part of the economic policy of the country are presented. Then, it focused on the migration policy in the area of border control in OECD countries. The discussion was crowned with the conclusions that followed.

18

Diverse, Fragile and Fragmented: The New Map of European Migration

83%

King R., Okólski M.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

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2019

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vol. 8

|

issue 1

9-32

EN

In this paper we review the significant political events and economic forces shaping contemporary migration within and into Europe. Various data sources are deployed to chronicle five phases of migration affecting the continent over the period 1945–2015: immediate postwar migrations of resettlement, the mass migration of ‘guestworkers’, the phase of economic restructuring and family reunion, asylum-seeking and irregular migration, and the more diverse dynamics unfolding in an enlarged European Union post-2004, not forgetting the spatially variable impact of the 2008 economic crisis. In recent years, in a scenario of rising migration globally, there has been an increase in intra-European migration compared to immigration from outside the continent. However, this may prove to be temporary given the convergence of economic indicators between ‘East’ and ‘West’ within the EU and the European Economic Area, and that ongoing population pressures from the global South, especially Africa, may intensify. Managing these pressures will be a major challenge from the perspective of a demographically shrinking Europe.

19

Relative impact of administrative measures on labour migration flows from Central Asia

83%

Kaźmierkiewicz P.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2016

|

issue 41

57-76

XX

Comparative studies show an ambiguous effect of the application of administrative controls on the level of migrant inflows, with the relative impact of the measures weaker than that of long-term economic or cultural factors. The case of Central Asian migration to Kazakhstan and Russia demonstrates the interplay of administrative measures and economic shocks with strategies of migrant groups and individuals. The review of recent surveys, interviews and focus groups with migrants from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan suggests that changes in the policies of destination countries have a limited impact on their own plans. The long-term determinants, such as the support provided by diasporas and the fundamental economic pull and push factors mitigate the effects of sanctions or facilitating measures.

20

Italian migration policy: Changes and effects

83%

Dudała R.

Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities

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2018

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vol. 8

181-197

EN

The phenomenon of Italian migration is characterized by a clear caesura, which makes Italy a country with a long history of emigration and a much shorter experience of immigration. The mid-1970s are considered a breakthrough, when the zero-migration balance was recorded for the first time. The growing wave of arriving foreigners forced the rulers to change the current immigration policy, which rarely responded to the needs of both foreigners and citizens of the Republic. Subsequent laws, usually created in extraordinary circumstances, were also subject to the process of alternating power. Lack of legislative continuity and insufficient social integration gave birth to additional tensions around the observed influx of refugees. In this situation, it seems that the management of the migration crisis is no longer the responsibility of a single nation, but should be an action taken at the level of solutions of the European community.

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