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1
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Students` opinion on the academic curriculum in military classes

100%
Urych d. I.
Security and Defence Quarterly
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2018
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vol. 18
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issue 1
26-44
EN
This article includes the results of the author`s research into the curriculum in military classes in the opinion of student class participants. The below study looks at the results of pilot studies implementing a diagnostic survey, the technique of the survey and a research tool such as the author`s questionnaire with scaling. The study consists of an introduction discussing education in military classes, the methodology of the research and the characteristics of the students as well as a preliminary assessment of the curriculum in military classes. The summary includes answers to the posed research problems and conclusions for further study based upon them.
2
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Opportunities to increase Poland’s defence capacity through in-service training for teachers of military preparation units

100%
Urych I., Leśniewski Z.
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
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2022
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vol. XLVIII
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issue 3
369-378
EN
The substantial re-education of the Polish Armed Forces has necessitated replenishment of the number of reserve personnel. To this end, new forms of short military training for volunteers have been introduced, in line with the objective that within the next few years the number of soldiers and civilian employees of the military will initially exceed 200,000, and later 300,000. The aim of this article is to analyse the possibilities of increasing Poland’s defence capacity through in-service training for teachers of military preparation units. The research included analysis of the literature on the subject of military education classes in Poland, as well as the study of regulatory documents in the area under consideration. Theoretical research methods such as analysis, synthesis and inference were also applied. The study presented here includes an account of the origins of the military preparation units and a description of the features of the in-service training for teachers of those units, conducted at the War Studies University.
3
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Teaching English Military Terminology in Military Classes

100%
Bogusz D.
Safety & Defense
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2017
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vol. 3
31-36
EN
The article highlights the issue of teaching English military terminology in uniformed classes. It draws the conclusions on conducting authorial military terminology syllabus in one of the schools carrying out the pedagogical innovation, which has assumed patronage of Polish Air Force Academy (PAFA). Military classes gained a huge popularity, having met the youth’s interest in armed forces they became a key element in national defense education.
4
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Military class in Poland – Experiences and perspectives

86%
Urych I.
Security and Defence Quarterly
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2016
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vol. 11
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issue 2
110-132
EN
Military classes in Poland can be defined as classes of lower secondary and upper secondary schools, which carry out broadly defined education for safety and participate with the Ministry referred to by their name. Also, the programmes of these classes are enriched with issues related to the defencee of the country, the history of the Polish army and the evolution of patriotic attitudes among children and young people. Military classes in Poland are very popular among both teachers and students. The purpose of this article is to examine military classes in Poland, with particular focus on experience in this field, as well as an indication of capabilities, and, thus, the developmental prospects of these classes. The analysis was carried out starting with a presentation of the origins of functioning military classes, after which the current possibilities of building programmes of these classes were presented. In the next part of the work the author has carried out a preliminary diagnosis of the functioning of military classes. Subsequently, the proposal of a programme of military classes, which was developed at the National Defence Academy in Warsaw in 2014, is revealed. The whole article ends with a summary and conclusions.
5
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Students of military classes concerning selected aspects of Poland’s national security. An empirical study

86%
Urych I.
Security and Defence Quarterly
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2017
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vol. 17
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issue 4
21-47
EN
This article examines the opinions of students of military classes concerning aspects of Poland’s national security. The main problem of the study is contained in the following question: How do students of military classes describe selected conditions of Poland’s national security? Thus, the objective of the article was to diagnose the opinions of students of military classes about national security in Poland. The study involved an analysis of the following aspects of Poland’s national security in the opinion of participating students of military classes: social attitudes that are conducive to the strengthening of national security, factors affecting national identity, and threats to national security. An analysis of the results of the study also made it possible to determine the source of the respondents’ knowledge about national security. The article briefly looks at the origins of military classes and describes the research methodology, and then presents a diagnosis of the opinions of students of military classes about selected aspects of Poland’s national security: social attitudes conducive to the strengthening of national security, factors shaping national identity, and threats to national security. The sources of the respondents’ knowledge about national security are indicated too. In the conclusion, answers to the research problems were provided and the need for further studies of the matter in question was identified.
6
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Types of Security Education in Poland. Selected examples

72%
Zadorożna M.
Security and Defence Quarterly
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2018
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vol. 21
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issue 4
124-136
EN
The purpose of the article is to examine selected examples of types of security education in Poland. At the beginning of the 20th century, national security was centered on military and political aspects, but recent decades have seen the successive shifting of the focus from the military-political plane of security to other areas. It seems that educational concepts adapt to emerging challenges. This thesis is confi rmed by the concept of global education, the idea of military classes, as well as the military training of pro-defensive organisations within the framework of the Passport Program. All of these educational concepts were covered in the study. One of the most important conclusions of the article will be to emphasise the correlation between the evolution of the understanding of security, the transformation of threats and changes in the field of educational concepts.
7
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Military Innovations in Secondary Schools in Poland as a Manifestation of Strengthening State Security within the Meaning of Articles 5 and 26 of the Polish Constitution

72%
Urych i.
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
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2020
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issue 6 (58)
461-474
EN
This article aims to present military innovations in secondary schools in Poland and the possibilities for their use in processes strengthening national security. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland in Art. 5 and 26 impose an obligation on the authorities to ensure the security of the state and its citizens and to defend the state’s borders and the integrity of its territory. Therefore, it is important in this context to properly train and educate students in military secondary schools. The basis for reaching the conclusions presented here were the results of empirical research conducted among secondary school students enrolled in military classes in Poland. The type of statistical analysis used, segmentation, allowed subgroups of respondents to be identified with their percentage share in the total population and the characteristics that define them. Analysis of the research results makes it possible to distinguish categories of the defense potential of students of military classes such as their mobilization, social and individual potential. The content of the article also indicates the possibilities and needs for the development of the potential of students of military classes.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wojskowych innowacji w szkołach średnich w Polsce i możliwości ich wykorzystania w procesach wzmacniających bezpieczeństwo państwa. Konstytucja RP w art. 5 oraz 26 nakłada na władzę obowiązek zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa państwa i jego obywateli oraz obronę granic państwa i niepodzielności jej terytorium. Dlatego też istotne jest w tym kontekście właściwe szkolenie i kształcenie uczniów już w szkołach średnich o profilu wojskowym. Podstawą formułowania przedstawionych wniosków były wyniki badań empirycznych przeprowadzonych wśród uczniów klas wojskowych w Polsce. Rodzaj analizy statystycznej, zwanej segmentacją, pozwolił na wyłonienie podgrup respondentów z ich udziałem procentowym w stosunku do całej badanej populacji oraz cechy, które je konstytuują. Analiza wyników badań pozwoliła na wyodrębnienie takich kategorii potencjału obronnego uczniów klas wojskowych, jak potencjał: mobilizacyjny, społeczny i indywidualny. Treść artykułu wskazuje ponadto na możliwości i potrzeby zagospodarowania scharakteryzowanego potencjału uczniów klas wojskowych.
8
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Aksjologiczne i antropologiczne uwarunkowania tożsamości narodowej młodych Polaków w świetle badań własnych. Implikacje dla bezpieczeństwa narodowego

58%
Domalewska D., Urych I.
De Securitate et Defensione. O Bezpieczeństwie i Obronności
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2020
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issue 1(6)
196-221
PL
Kształtowanie patriotyzmu i tożsamości narodowej ma kluczowe znaczenie dla przetrwania narodu. Ważnym obszarem budowania i wzmacniania patriotyzmu jest sport, który stanowi spoiwo tożsamości narodowej oraz wzmacnia takie wartości jak solidarność i tolerancja, co buduje aktywne postawy obywatelskie w społeczeństwie. Niniejszy artykuł ma w swym zasadniczym celu omówienie istoty patriotyzmu, tożsamości narodowej i tolerancji, które stanowią wymiar postawy jednostki wobec innych narodów oraz sportowego patriotyzmu, który stanowi istotne spoiwo tożsamości narodowej. Badanie przeprowadzono przy użyciu metody sondażu diagnostycznego. Analiza uzyskanych danych wskazuje na bardzo silne poczucie patriotyzmu, tożsamości narodowej i patriotyzmu sportowego wśród respondentów (N=508). Skala patriotyczna znacząco wpływała na wyniki skali tożsamości narodowej i sportowego patriotyzmu, nie różnicowała natomiast postawy tolerancji. Z kolei skala tolerancji istotnie korelowała ze skalą patriotyzmu, sportowego patriotyzmu, tożsamości narodowej. Jak wskazuje Strategia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, ochrona i umacnianie tożsamości narodowej stanowi ważne zadanie państwa. Cele te można osiągnąć poprzez pielęgnowanie kultury narodowej, ochronę dziedzictwa kulturowego, aktywizację kapitału społecznego oraz wzmacnianie postaw patriotycznych.
EN
Shaping patriotism and national identity is crucial precondition for the survival of the nation. Sport helps to build and reinforce patriotism, binds national identity and strengthens values such as solidarity and tolerance. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the values of patriotism, national identity, tolerance, and sports patriotism, which is an important binder of national identity. The study was carried out using a diagnostic survey method. The analysis of the findings indicates a very strong sense of patriotism, national identity and sports patriotism among the respondents (N = 508). The patriotic scale significantly influenced the results of the scale of national identity and sport patriotism, but did not differentiate the attitude of tolerance. The scale of tolerance significantly correlated with the scale of patriotism, sports patriotism and national identity. As indicated by the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Poland, preservation and reinforcement of national identity is an important task of the state. These goals can be achieved by cultivating national culture, protecting cultural heritage, activating social capital and strengthening patriotic attitudes.
9
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Patriotyzm uczniów klas mundurowych objętych programem pilotażowym MON

58%
Kamiński K.
Bezpieczeństwo Obronność Socjologia
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2018
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issue 9/10
6-28
PL
Od początku lat 80. widoczny jest postęp w rozwoju technologii informacyjnej, którą bezsprzecznie stał się Internet. W ostatnim okresie zaobserwować można szczególnie ekspansywne działanie nowoczesnych technologii i ich wpływ na postrzeganie życia i ładu społecznego. Coraz większy i prężniejszy rozwój spowodował, iż socjologia społeczna zaczęła interesować się rolą techniki w życiu społecznym. Analiza literatury przedmiotu uwydatnia wzrost liczby publikacji naukowych dotyczących wpływu rozwoju technicznego na społeczeństwo. Ważnym tematem stało się badanie zagrożeń, które niesie ze sobą technika elektroniczna. Na przykład systemy socjotechniczne mogą ulegać patologii, a tym samym wywoływać zagrożenia o zbyt nadmiernym ryzyku. Obecnie krystalizuje się obraz wpływu mediów elektronicznych na politykę, gospodarkę, suwerenność państw, a także bezpieczeństwo ludzi. Szybkość, bezpośredniość, szerokość dostępu do informacji i brak możliwości pełnej kontroli powodują powstawanie społeczeństwa posiadającego określone zainteresowania, wzorce zachowań. Dobrodziejstwo dostępu do informacji niesie jednak ze sobą podstawowe i najpopularniejsze zagrożenie, mianowicie hejt. Hejt staje się obecnie etiologicznym czynnikiem wywołującym przestępstwa na tle nienawiści. W niniejszej publikacji dokonam analizy wpływu hejtu jako przejawu patologicznych zachowań w społeczeństwie.
EN
The hate, as a manifestation of pathological behavior and the consequence of techno-logical development. Since the beginning of the 80-ties, we can watch much of progress in the development of information technology that the Internet undoubtedly has become an instance of. Especially in recent years, we can see a rather expansive expansion of modern tech-nologies and their impact on the perception of life and social order. Increasingly bigger and more robust development caused the sociology of society to take an interest in the role of technology in society life. Analyzing literature of this topic, we can enhance a great number of scientific publications on the effects of technological development on society. As an important issue we can see a study of threats which are carried by electronic equipments. It can be indicated that social engineering systems may succumb to the pathology, and thus cause menaces of too excessive risk. Currently, the image has been taking shape to show that the electronic media affect politics, economy, sovereignty of co-untries, as well as the safety of people. Speed, immediacy, width of the access to in-formation, the inability to fully control/monitor it, causes formation of the society with certain interests, and patterns of behavior. Boons of the access to information, however, bring along the basic and most common menace which is namely the hate itself. The hate is now becoming an etiological factor, evoking crimes to which the hatred gives rise. In this publication, I will anatomize the influence of the hate, as a manifestation of pathological behavior in the society.
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