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Strachy Ameryki

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EN
The search for safety is an obviously important component of the quest. As we think the pursuit of security offers us a point of entry. In the article the Author considers the usefulness of making questions about social fears. We are convinced, that societies exist through a process of transmission of habits, of modes of doing, thinking and of feeling from the older to younger. Without this communication of ideals, hopes, fears, expectations, opinions from these members of society who are passing out of the group life to those, who are introduced into it, social life could not survive. The Author’s main attention is focused on Americans fears inside and outside of the country from its beginning to nowadays. Every nation experiences its own fears and hopes and every tries to habituate them. America’s fears, created its own, very special politics. We can see it in “civil religion” – mixture of democracy, freedom and religion and of a number of other ingredients. This “religion” generally grants America a special place in the divine order. It is like faith with its own symbols and rituals, saints and sancta, hopes and fears. In the name of their own fears and hopes Americans tend to be moralistic: they are inclined to see all issues as plain and simple, black and white. Every struggle in which they are seriously engaged becomes a “crusade”. America’s fears begin to create fears of the rest of the World.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze głosy krytyki hiszpańskojęzycznej i polskiej dotyczące najważniejszych bloków tematycznych w interpretacji dzieła Augusto Roa Bastosa i przedstawia polską recepcję dzieła tego paragwajskiego pisarza. Zestawia się w tekście opinie dotyczące tylko trzech książek przetłumaczonych na język polski: dwóch powieści Syn człowieczy i Ja, Najwyższy oraz zbioru Kurupí i inne opowiadania. Inną kwestią jest umieszczenie twórczości Augusto Roa Bastosa w kontekście boomu oraz „nowej powieści latynoamerykańskiej”. Ważnymi tematami są przede wszystkim kwestia dwujęzyczności i dwukulturowości w pisarstwie Roa Bastosa. Pisarstwo Roa Bastosa stanowi świadectwo o kulturze i domaga się także sprawiedliwości społecznej, wpisując się w tak zwany „społeczny realizm magiczny”. To szkic o Roa Bastosie jako nieco zapomnianym klasyku literatury latynoamerykańskiej XX wieku, z uwzględnieniem zwłaszcza najnowszych badań i opracowań na gruncie polskim.
EN
This article presents the most important Hispanic and Polish voices of criticism concerning the most important thematic blocks in the interpretation of works by Augusto Roa Bastos and presents the Polish reception of the works by this Paraguayan author. Summarized in the text are opinions concerning only the three books translated into Polish: two novels Son of Man, and I, the Supreme, and the collection Kurupí and other tales. Another issue is to place the works of Augusto Roa Bastos and in the context of boom as well as „new Latin-American novel”. Important topics are first and foremost a matter of bilingualism and biculturalism in the writings of Roa Bastos. The writings of Roa Bastos are a testimony about the culture and also a demand for social justice, by typing in the so-called “social magic realism”. This is a sketch about Roa Bastos as a somewhat forgotten twentieth century Latin American literature classic.
EN
This article is motivated by the poems of Marcin and Otto Gerss about the Prussian queen Luise. The author of this articlec onsiders first the cult of queen Luise in Prussia, and then in Germany. He describes some elements of the myth that was born while the queen still lived. Queen Luise had a significant influence on the imagination and consciousness of both the masses and the enlightened. The untimely death of the mother of kings further intensified the belief in her exceptional meaning for the founding myth of the German Empire. The author does not evaluate the character and deeds of queen Luise. He mainly concentrates on her places of remembrance that are located in Poland. He notes that polish scientists and journali- sts have previously shown limited interest in this historical figure. However, information of the traces of her stays in different regions of Poland are currently gaining more visibility in scientifi carticles and popular online-services.
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