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EN
The present sketch proposes an interpretation of one of the most important poems of the early poetry written by Marcin Świetlicki. At the same time, the reading of the poem is paired with a simultaneous analytical interpretation providing the standard analytical scheme usually applied to any poetical work (this scheme is based on a sequence of recognitions that refer to: 1. writing, 2. euphony, 3. semantics of spaces concentrated with meaning, 4. the structure of the presented world. A presentation of the four fundamental steps in the analysis is accompanied with a reflection on the paradox of interpretation, the corresponding model of which is in the poem the outlined mirror image of identity between the “opaque” depth and “overt” surface.
EN
The article explores Ted Hughes’s poems and criticism with a view to demonstrating that his poetry represents a willing exposure to the greatest of traumas in order to recuperate from them a spiritual energy. It is argued here that since, according to Hughes, the modern world is a civilisation of repression, the poet’s task is to alleviate this pain at the price of his own suffering. In this sense the poet plays the function of the shaman, who knows that his power derives from the pain he undergoes on behalf of his community. Rather than spirits, however, the poet-shaman in Hughes seeks the favour of what Robert Graves called the white goddess, who can bestow her blessing on the poet or mercilessly plunge him into ruin.
PL
This text deals with the anthologies of Serbian contemporary and newest poetry, which appeared in Poland in the last twenty-eight years. Four publications by four different authors and translators present the wealth of Serbian poetry composed by several generations of poets. Each of the anthologies presents a different image of Serbian poetry, thus showing its great diversity. Thanks to these publications, many names appeared in Poland for the first, yet not the last, time - as shown in the subsequent Bibliographies printed in the “Translation of Slavic Literatures”.
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2012
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vol. 15
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issue 1
114-120
EN
The article describes the importance of public performance for the image of the Futurists, mainly of Bruno Jasieński. The impressions that the artists gained from Helena Buczyń-ska’s ‘word-arts’ performance, and Scriabin’s idea of ‘Art Religion’ they were exposed to, inspired the young poets. The article finishes with enumeration of several inspira-tions that are being found in Jasieński’s texts by modern musicians adapting his poetry.
5
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Awangardowy wnuk Leśmiana

80%
EN
The sketch discusses the “relations and interdependencies of impossibilities” connecting the discursive poetry of Bieńkowski with the lyrical poetics of Leśmian. This formula, coined by the author of Sprawy wyobraźni, perfectly expresses these kind of references that exceed just a simple juxtaposition of similarities in subject matters or poetical figures. In terms of this plane, there seem to be are more differences between the two poems than conceivable similarities. However, within the plane of creative philosophy, the awareness of the language status in modern poetry, the abiding concept of reality and the attitude towards civilizational and social transformations, the similarities are particularly striking. The avant-garde poet does not shun from employing early modernist individualistic, idealistic, regressive and aesthetic (formalistic) tendencies so characteristic for Leśmian. If Przyboś, as Łapiński put it, “rehabilitated” Leśmian’s programme, Bieńkowski makes the Przyboś’ programme back again more like Leśmian-like, creating a programme not so much avant-garde in character but rather a one that relates to decadent aspirations of modernism in its narrowest sense. Not surprisingly then, he makes the lyrics of the author of Łąka his particular tertium comparationis of the phenomena in Polish postwar poetry, linguistic poetry in particular. This way, unusual power of modernity of Leśmian poetry is testified and well proven.
6
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Decadentes e modernidade

70%
EN
The paper explores definitions of modernity, with a particular focus on the relationship between Baudelaire’s modern poetry and the Portuguese poetry of Decadentismo.
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2012
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vol. 18
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issue 4
185-201
EN
The text is a fragment of the section of my doctoral dissertation. I describe the idea of sacrum in the poetry in the nineties of the 20-th century. Jacek Podsiadło, like the majority of members of so-called “bruLion” group, rejects the traditional understanding of sacrum. I describe the idea from many, very often contradictory, angles. On the one hand this is the analysis of the creation of a speaking persona as a blasphemer. On the other hand I describe how this poetry draws inspiration from the mystical religions. The beliefs connected with the East tradition are a very important part of searching for the idea of sacrum in the poetry of Jacek Podsiadło, but the most important for him seems to be the Christian values.
EN
The article contains interpretations of three different textes with the main theme – wolves. A poem titled Wolf by Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, Zbigniew Herbert’s Wolves and Autobiographical reportage Wolves by Adam Wajrak unites special literary vision of those animals – dangerous but also free and independent. Images of wolves as a base of metaphors, comparisons and parallelisms have changed during last decades simultaneously with evolution of common consiousness. Animal studies as a methodology research constitutes a collection of very useful analytic instruments for investigating traditional cultural patterns and trails of new ideas.
PL
Artykuł zawiera interpretacje trzech różnych tekstów, których głównym tematem pozostają wilki. Wiersz Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza Wilk, Wilki Zbigniewa Herberta i autobiograficzny reportaż Adama Wajraka Wilki łączy specyficzny literacki obraz tych zwierząt – niebezpiecznych, ale wolnych i niezależnych. Portrety wilków używanych jako podstawa budowania metafor, porównań i paralelizmów zmieniały się w ostatnich dekadach wraz z przemianami świadomości zbiorowej. Animal studies jako metodologia badań stanowi zbiór użytecznych narzędzi analitycznych przydatnych w śledzeniu tradycyjnych kulturowych wzorców oraz tropów nowych idei.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2018
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vol. 13
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issue 8
556-559
EN
This article presents report from the meeting promoting the monograph "Tu jestem/ zamieszkuję własne życie". Studia i szkice o twórczośći Anny Frajlich edited by Wojciech Ligęża and Jolanta Pasterska. THe book promotion meeting was organized by Biblioteka Kraków in the Journalist Club "Pod Gruszką" in Kraków on March 23, 2018. The special guest of the event was the poet Anna Frajlich.
EN
The very relation between possibility of writing and sensitivity is a main concern of this interpretation of Miron Białoszewski’s poetry. At the start, I notice traumatic state of writing subjectivity, which I see as a negative affect. Białoszewski’s trauma manifests itself as an acedia in the Leżenia poetry cycle, in which the poet searches for another, positive affective simulation as well. He finds it in the very work of language, of sounds, and of material reality surrounding him. As he tries to revive himself and his writing mainly through the senses of touching and hearing/listening, I use the model of subjectivity described by Jean-Luc Nancy in the essay On listening,  to understand how creative, writing subjectivity works on sensual and language levels.
PL
The very relation between possibility of writing and sensitivity is a main concern of this interpretation of Miron Białoszewski’s poetry. At the start, I notice traumatic state of writing subjectivity, which I see as a negative affect. Białoszewski’s trauma manifests itself as an acedia in the Leżenia poetry cycle, in which the poet searches for another, positive affective simulation as well. He finds it in the very work of language, of sounds, and of material reality surrounding him. As he tries to revive himself and his writing mainly through the senses of touching and hearing/listening, I use the model of subjectivity described by Jean-Luc Nancy in the essay On listening,  to understand how creative, writing subjectivity works on sensual and language levels.
EN
This text presents the development of litanical stylizations in the work of Bohuslav Reynek (1892–1971), from his Žízně (Thirsts, 1921) collection to his posthumously published Odlet vlaštovek (Departure of the Swallows, 1980) collection. The author follows the process involved in the interiorization of litany, which is manifested in ongoing abandonment of the external signs of litanical form (or its conventionalized literary attributes), while the connection with the ideational basis of the genre remains preserved. Despite his initial dependence on French models (e.g. Paul Claudel and Charles Péguy — and a significant role was also played here by Reynek’s translation experience) and particular sources of inspiration at home (Jakub Deml), the poet quite quickly found his independence (evidence of which includes Reynek’s “unlitanic” translations of Georg Trakl). With his stylizations, Reynek continually experimented, adding various forms to his litanies in verse, verset or prose, while an important role was also played by his technique of apposition, which he elaborated when he was writing his collection Smutek Země (Earth’s Grief, 1924). These changes also affected the emotional tone of individual texts (e.g. one prominent trend was his shift from ‘bright’ moods to ‘dark’ ones) or the construction of an object-addressee litany (only the first works of this kind have a strictly prayer-like character). A detailed analysis of these changes enables us to focus on the continuity of the entire process and thus to find a certain ongoing originality in the variety of litanic forms in Reynek’s work.
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58%
EN
Chile is considered an important centre of Spanish-American avant-garde thanks to the figure of Vicente Huidobro and also that of Pablo Neruda. While the importance of these two eminent poets is beyond doubt, the paper points out that Chilean avant-garde was a rich and multifaceted movement with many different voices.
PL
Artykuł Intertekstualne refleksje o „Ślepcach” Pietera Bruegla, Jacka Kaczmarskiego i Gerta Hofmanna ukazuje intelektualne związki między obrazem niderlandzkiego mistrza a wierszem polskiego barda i powieścią niemieckiego prozaika. Płótno szesnastowiecznego malarza zainspirowało twórców XX wieku do podjęcia refleksji nad otaczającym ich światem, celem i sensem życia człowieka, którego losami władają często pycha, duma, nienawiść, żądza panowania nad innymi. Mimo ogromnej siły zła – zdaniem pisarzy – należy jednak podejmować, wciąż na nowo, próby ukierunkowania na kultywowanie pierwiastków stanowiących o dobrej stronie natury ludzkiej, nadających egzystencji każdego z nas ludzki wymiar. Upadając, potykając się, doznając bólu i cierpienia, ślepcy podnoszą się, pokonują swoje własne, fizyczne ograniczenia, pozwalając wierzyć, że takich czynów dokonać mogą wszyscy.
EN
The article Intertextual deliberations on »The Blind« by Pieter Bruegel, Jacek Kaczmarski and Gert Hofmann indicates intellectual connections between the painting by Dutch master (The Blind Leading the Blind), the poem by Polish bard (The Parable of the Blind) and the novel by German writer (Blindensturz). The canvas by sixteenth century’s painter inspired creators of the 20th century to reflect on the surrounding world, the purpose and the meaning of human life whose fate is ruled by hubris, pride, hate, greed of dominance over other. Despite the immense power of evil – in the opinion of the writers – it is vital to attempt again and again to direct at cultivation of the elements constituting a good side of human nature which imparts human dimension to our existence. Through falling down, tripping, experiencing pain and suffering the blind rise and overcome personal and physical constraints. They let us believe that such deeds can be performed by everyone.
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