Search results

1

Pieniądz i instytucje finansowe a rozwój cywilizacji

100%

Denis D.

Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość

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2012

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vol. 9

402-412

EN

The article is a short description of banking history. The author presents episodes of it’s development, including historical background – from the oldest banking systems in ancient times, through medieval till nowadays. Further-more, he shows a review of a history of money in each periods of the past. The author is also describing the nature of financial institutions and the specificity of their activities.

2

Geschichte, Mythos und Ambivalenz des Geldes: Kulturwissenschaftliche Überlegungen in der Zeit der europäischen Schuldenkrise

100%

Breysach B.

Germanica Wratislaviensia

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2013

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vol. 138

141 - 152

EN

This article draws an outline of a cultural science based understanding of the current European debt crisis, mainly based on Christina von Braun’s cultural studies on money and some basic elements of psychoanalytic theory. It deals with the historical link between money and physical sacrifice and discusses possible reasons for feelings of fear and for European scepticism, caused by the debt crisis.

3

Hospodárska a sociálna situácia Kremnickej mincovne od druhej polovice roku 1938 do konca roku 1945

100%

Volentier L.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 2

70-104

EN

History of enterprises or so-called short history becomes the centre of attention just these days. So it was with the Kremnica Mint which rightly belongs to the phenomena not so common in the world. That is a reason why it is necessary to work on a comprehensive work dedicated to the whole history and gradually fill in the empty spaces. Relatively short period of the Slovak State had brought a large number of events that had changed the functioning of the mint for a long time, e.g. involvement in the SNU, evacuation of metals and the destruction of the mint and Kremnica in 1945. Beside these important events, it is necessary to point out the position of various nations in the enterprise and the behavior towards them. An interesting chapter describes the influence of the state on the mint and the involvement of Imrich Karvaš, who was important for several plans to prepare the economic side of the SNU, where the mint played a key role.

4

Literacki mariaż seksu z finansami w Drwalu Michała Witkowskiego

100%

Targosz D.

Heteroglossia - studia kulturoznawczo-filologiczne

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2019

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issue 9

9-18

EN

Michał Witkowski’s novel Drwal (The woodcutter) shows various approaches to the subject of sexuality, what seems particularly inspiring, cognitively valuable and important from the perspective of this article is corporeality connected with elements related to money and finances, which are based on an integral, inseparable connection of two – seemingly not directly related – areas: sex and finances. For the novel’s protagonists, these two areas are inextricably complementing each other. The goal of this article is to examine and interpret the images of sexuality related to the sphere of finances presented by Witkowski, to understand their functions, to consider the consequences of combining these two areas, and to analyze the relationship between erotica relationship with the financial sphere and the uneroticizing of human sexuality. Thus the aim of this text is to verify whether the sexuality described in the novel is devoid of eroticism. Further, the paper discuse the manner of presenting these approaches to sexuality. The article also considerate the language of showing this specific approach to sexuality and reflection on its implications.

5

The Origins and Evolution of Deposit Banking Activities – Analysis of the Literature

100%

Mikliński M.

Financial Law Review

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2021

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vol. 22

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issue 3

128-145

EN

The current norms governing deposit banking activities are the result of a centuries-old evolution of the construct of bank account, the legal nature of bank account, the subject of deposit, and banking institutions themselves. Different civilizations and cultures have contributed to the shaping of deposit activities. The aim of the article is to present and discuss, from a historical-legal point of view, the origin and unfolding of deposit banking activities over time: from antiquity, through the Middle Ages, the early modern period, to modern times. The deliberations are set against a broader financial and legal backdrop to include the transformation of economic power that accompanies deposit activities, expressed in the form of: commodity money, bullion, paper money, and funds. The picture of evolution is completed by the emerging institutions of supervision, capital requirements or deposit guarantee schemes, constituting a series of normative solutions adopted due to the need to provide a framework for deposit activities that would prioritize the security of the depositor. The study, due to its historical-legal character within the scope of detailed sciences, does not aim at applying the conclusions in legal practice or in the theoretical-legal dimension. It serves to collect and show the already acquired historical-legal knowledge about the foundations of contemporary normative solutions of bank deposit activities. In order to achieve the research goal, the study uses the research method of critical literature review. Thus, a reference was made to scientific historical- legal and historical studies, from the point of view of a selected research problem, which has not been elaborated in a cross-sectional manner so far.

6

Koncepcja pieniądza i kredytu Ludwiga von Misesa – pieniądz fiducjarny jako forma interwencji w mechanizm wolnego rynku

100%

Mrowiec M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2013

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issue 914

5-19

EN

The first aim of the article is to analyse the views of Ludwig von Mises on the origin, functions and types of money, and to highlight the advantages of using his approach over a number of contemporary ones. A very tight correlation between the genesis of money with its primary function, and the logical derivation of the secondary functions, should be counted among these benefits. The paper analyses the Misesian typology of money, along with types of credit and corresponding types of banking activity. The Menger-Mises paradigm of the interest rate as a coordinating mechanism of the economy may at the same time be perceived as a system of interdependent prices, which remains sensitive to signals from the monetary sphere. Using Mises’ approach, one can conclude that monetary expansion interferes with the market’s equilibrium, which in turn can provide an interesting paradigm for analysing the current global economic crisis, which was largely facilitated by money and the expansion of credit over the last few decades. Discussing the analytical perspective is the aim of the second part of the text. In other words, the theoretical considerations analysed here may constitute the theoretical foundations for empirical analyses regarding mechanisms of the current economic crisis, and be an alternative to mainstream macroeconomic theories.

7

Pieniądz cyfrowy banków centralnych − wnioski z analizy wybranych koncepcji

100%

Iwańczuk-Kaliska A.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

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2018

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issue 531

180-189

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza elementów wybranych koncepcji emisji pieniądza cyfrowego przez banki centralne oraz sformułowanie na tej podstawie wniosków dotyczących realizacji idei CBDC w praktyce banków centralnych. W opracowaniu wykorzystano analizę raportów banków centralnych wybranych państw rozważających wprowadzenie niefizycznej formy pieniądza banku centralnego, będącej powszechnym prawnym środkiem płatniczym, oraz opracowań naukowych dotyczących konsekwencji różnych podejść do tego zagadnienia. Rozpatrywane koncepcje pieniądza cyfrowego banku centralnego należy traktować jako projekty systemów płatności detalicznych. Funkcjonujące obecnie tego rodzaju systemy stworzone przez uczestników rynku zapewniają wygodę, sprawność i bezpieczeństwo rozliczeń w danej walucie oraz cieszą się zaufaniem publicznym. Aspekty te nie mogą więc stanowić uzasadnienia wprowadzenia rewolucyjnych zmian, polegających na przejęciu głównej roli w ich organizacji przez banki centralne.

EN

The aim of the article is to analyze the elements of selected concepts of digital money issued by central banks and to formulate conclusions on the basis of the CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency) idea in the practice of central banks. The study uses the analysis of documents and reports of central banks of selected countries considering the introduction of non-phisical form of central bank money as a universal legal tender and scientific studies on the consequences of various approaches to this issue. The analyzed central bank digital currency concepts should be treated as retail payment schemes. Currently operating retail payment systems created by market participants − due to systemic oversight − provide convenience, efficiency and security and enjoy public trust. These aspects cannot, therefore, justify the introduction of revolutionary changes, which consist in taking over the central role in their organization by central banks.

8

A Few Remarks on the Ransom Paid for Releasing Captives in Selected Early Byzantine Hagiographic Texts

100%

Milewski I.

Studia Ceranea

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2017

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vol. 7

151-159

EN

The article analyzes certain early Byzantine hagiographic texts concerning various forms of brigandage (both maritime and land-based). Two such accounts are studied in detail, one by Gerontius of Jerusalem and another by Theodoret of Cyrus. The instances described unveil the weakness of Roman state structures at the borders of the state as well as in lands harassed by barbarian raids, including piracy. Despite certain flaws (mostly the lack of precision), the accounts under discussion constitute valuable and reliable sources of historical knowledge.

9

Kobiety piszą i rachują

89%

Kraskowska E.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2015

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issue 23

EN

This article is a review of the multiple-author book titled Księgowanie. Literatura, kobiety, pieniądze [Bookkeeping: Literature, Women, and Money], which was published by Szczecin University Press in 2014. The collection contains articles that are devoted to the economic aspects of Polish women’s lives, as they have been discussed in literature (i.e. fiction, autobiographical and journalistic writings, etc.) from Romanticism until the present day, with particular focus on the financial situation of women writers.

10

Digital Currencies Trading under Polish and EU Public Law

89%

Bałdowski M.

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

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2018

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vol. 8

EN

Digital currencies are a worldwide phenomenon gaining an increasing interest among investors, economists and legal scholars. They are used mainly as a new mean of ex-change and as a new way of investing funds, since the rapid changes in their value allow to gain extraordinary profits. Up to this point the legal status of digital currencies has not been clearly established under neither Polish nor EU public law, although some of the existing regulations may be indirectly applied to them. Under current regulations digital currencies cannot be treated as a legal mean of payment, as an electronic money nor a financial instrument. Creation of a complex regulation regarding digital currencies and granting administrative authorities supervisory powers over their trade seems to be necessary. Because of the evolution of financial markets, classifying digital currencies as financial instruments is a possible way of regulating their trade.

11

Peníze, osobní autonomie, občanství. Vliv programu Bolsa Família na zúčastněné

88%

Pinzani A., Leão Rêgo W.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2014

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vol. 15

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issue 1

3-15

EN

The paper briefly presents the results of a five-year field research project (2006 to 2011) studying the moral and political transformations amongst extremely poor women participating in the Brazilian Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Our fundamental hypothesis was that regular monetary income would generate individual growth and an increase in personal autonomy and political inclusion. We analyse the interviews by way of a phenomenology of poverty in Brazil.

12

Psychological consequences of money and money attitudes in dictator game

88%

Gąsiorowska A., Hełka A. M.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2012

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vol. 43

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issue 1

20-26

EN

According to the research conducted by Vohs, Mead, and Goode (2006, 2008), reminders of money cause people to behave self-sufficiently, and especially to reveal a reduced tendency to charitable behaviour. In this study, we wanted to establish if this tendency would be present in the dictator game, and if so, whether money activation would just change behaviour, or whether it would also change people’s evaluation of their own decisions. We assumed that people who revealed symbolic and instrumental money attitudes would react differently to money activation. As expected, money priming caused smaller money transfers compared to the control condition, and this effect was significant among those with symbolic attitudes toward money. Moreover, participants who transferred at least half of the sum after money activation declared stronger negative emotions and lower satisfaction with the decision than those who made similar transfers in the control condition.

13

Dis/Abling Practices: Rethinking Disability

88%

Schillmeier M.

Human Affairs

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2007

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vol. 17

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issue 2

195-208

EN

The paper discusses how ordinary acts of everyday life make up the complex and contingent scenarios of disabilities that create enabling and disabling (dis/abling) practices. Drawing on qualitative empirical data the societal visibility and relevance of dis/abling practices are analyzed by connecting disability studies and sociological ideas with insights from Science and Technology Studies (STS). The essay explores how (visual) dis/ability is the outcome of human and non-human configurations and suggests that dis/ability can be understood neither as an individual bodily impairment nor as a socially attributed disability. Rather, dis/ability refers to complex sets of heterogeneous practices that (re-)associate bodies, material objects, and technologies with sensory practices. These practices, the paper concludes, draw attention to the multiple processes that (re-) concatenate the conduct of human affairs.

14

Znaczenie traktatu monetarnego Meditata Mikołaja Kopernika dla rozwoju myśli ekonomicznej (w 500 rocznicę jego powstania)

88%

Bochenek M.

Ekonomista

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2017

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issue 6

699-718

PL

W 1517 r. Mikołaj Kopernik, genialny astronom polski, ukończył pierwszą wersję traktatu monetarnego zatytułowanego Meditata. Z okazji 500 rocznicy tego wydarzenia autor artykułu przedstawia główne idee zawarte w tych traktatach oraz ocenia ich rolę w rozwoju myśli ekonomicznej. Powyższy traktat był pierwszą rozprawą ekonomiczną napisaną w Polsce; stąd data jego powstania może być uznana za datę narodzin polskiej myśli ekonomicznej. Praktycznym celem pism ekonomicznych Kopernika było przygotowanie założeń reformy monetarnej. W tym celu Kopernik sformułował (niezależnie od Arystofanesa) „prawo gorszego pieniądza”, przypisywane również Tomaszowi Greshamowi lub Mikołajowi Oresme, które można traktować jako odkrycie wielokrotne. Wydobyte z zapomnienia po kilku wiekach traktaty monetarne Kopernika nadal budzą szerokie zainteresowanie wśród polskich ekonomistów, będąc przedmiotem długo trwającej debaty naukowej.

EN

In 1517, Nicolaus Copernicus, the Polish astronomic genius, completed the first version of his monetary treatise, entitled Meditata. On the quincentenary of that event, the author of the paper presents the main ideas incorporated in those treaties, assessing their role in the development of economic thought. The quoted treaty was the first economic thesis written in Poland; therefore, the date of its creation can be perceived as the birth date of Polish economic thought. The practical aim of economic writings of Copernicus was to prepare the principles of monetary reform. For this purpose Copernicus has formulated (independently of Aristofanes), the law of inferior money, ascribed also to Thomas Gresham or Nicole Oresme, which may be considered to be a multiple discovery. Brought to light after several centuries, monetary treaties written by Copernicus still arouse wide interest among Polish economists, being a subject of long-lasting scientific debate.

RU

В 1517 г. Николай Коперник, гениальный польский астроном, закончил первый вариант монетарного труда под заголовком Mediata. По случаю 500 годовщины этого события, автор статьи излагает его главные идеи и оценивает их роль в развитии экономической мысли. Вышеназванный труд был первой экономической работой написанной в Польше и поэтому дату его появления можно признать в качестве зарождения польской эко- номической мысли. Практическая цель экономических трудов Коперника заключалась в подготовке основ монетарной реформы. С этой целью Коперник сформулировал (неза- висимо от Аристофана) «закон худших денег», авторство которого приписывается также Томасу Грешему или Николаю Оресму, что можно рассматривать в качестве многократ- ных открытий. Даже по прошествии нескольких веков, монетарные труды Коперника продолжают возбуждать широкий интерес среди польских экономистов и являются предметом научной дискуссии.

15

POVERTY AND MONEY: A PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEW

88%

Mihailova S.

Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis

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2012

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issue 2

78-100

EN

The basic goal of this article is to show the psychological aspects of money problems analysing exactly the psychological causes leading to poverty. Through literature analysis and various poverty theories the article focuses on causes stimulating dysfunctional relations with money, and consequently – with poverty. The article summarises the opinions of a number of psychologists and therapists about the causes and reasons of money problems, and about the determinants of human behaviour and choice. The article analyses the possible people’s relations with money, and answers are sought to the question – how to avoid facilitating “inheritance of poverty” so that the dysfunctional model of monetary relations would not be transferred from generation to generation. The article analyses how dysfunctional or psychologically wrong relations with money (money relations) lead to despair and material poverty. The author offers her own view on constructive and destructive monetary relations, and the answer is sought to the question ñ how to change these relations from destructive to constructive ones. The author of this article has developed her own model of human monetary behaviour; she distinguishes four behavioural groups indicating the characteristic features of these groups and problems that the representatives of each group have to encounter. At the end of the article the author has worked out recommendations for poverty prevention in Latvia.

16

POVERTY AND MONEY: A PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEW

88%

Mihailova S.

Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis

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2012

|

issue 2

78-100

EN

The basic goal of this article is to show the psychological aspects of money problems analysing exactly the psychological causes leading to poverty. Through literature analysis and various poverty theories the article focuses on causes stimulating dysfunctional relations with money, and consequently – with poverty. The article summarises the opinions of a number of psychologists and therapists about the causes and reasons of money problems, and about the determinants of human behaviour and choice. The article analyses the possible people’s relations with money, and answers are sought to the question – how to avoid facilitating “inheritance of poverty” so that the dysfunctional model of monetary relations would not be transferred from generation to generation. The article analyses how dysfunctional or psychologically wrong relations with money (money relations) lead to despair and material poverty. The author offers her own view on constructive and destructive monetary relations, and the answer is sought to the question ñ how to change these relations from destructive to constructive ones. The author of this article has developed her own model of human monetary behaviour; she distinguishes four behavioural groups indicating the characteristic features of these groups and problems that the representatives of each group have to encounter. At the end of the article the author has worked out recommendations for poverty prevention in Latvia.

17

Alternative Views on Money in the First Half of the XX Century and Today

88%

Brīvers I.

|

2014

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vol. 9

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issue 4

153-162

EN

The paper deals with the discussion on the alternative ideas on money, created by Silvio Gesell, Frederic Soddy and Karl Ballod. Particularly, the ideas of full-reserve banking, privilege of seigniorage and the principle of demurrage are discussed in the context of possible implementation of these ideas in a future economy. Large part of the paper is library-based, considering and briefly explaining the previously mentioned ideas, and supplementing them with the opinions of the modern economists. The discussion of the possible evolutionary way to implement those ideas is based on the logical analysis and conclusions, derived from the discussions of the author with academicians and financiers. The results lead to the conclusion that these ideas, which may seem unrealistic according the existing paradigm of growth, may turn out to be useful to form the basis of a new monetary and financial system within the new economic paradigm. The paper is an insight into unorthodox proposals on money, which may be useful to specialists and students, investigating monetary and financial systems.

18

A Heideggerian perspective of Georg Simmel’s The Philosophy of Money

88%

Augustyniak P.

Polish Sociological Review

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2018

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vol. 204

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issue 4

477-485

EN

In this article, I will juxtapose Simmel’s theory with Martin Heidegger’s thought. I intend to gain, bythis, possibly fundamental (in the existential ontological, Heideggerian sense of the word) sight of his position.In Reading Simmel “by using Heidegger,” I will inquire about his interpretation of “being-in-the-world” andabout a place that the phenomenon of money occupies within the limits of being-in-the-world. As it may turn out,this method of analysis will enable us to look at Heidegger’s thought in a new way, revealing a certain kind ofanachronism or at least a one-sided view of human beings. The question is as follows: whose interpretation of theexistential-ontological structure of Dasein is more adequate, Simmel’s or Heidegger’s?

19

Financial Arrangement as a Reflection of Household Order

88%

Olcoń-Kubicka M.

Polish Sociological Review

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2016

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vol. 196

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issue 4

EN

Based on ethnographic research in 28 young middle-class households in Warsaw, this paper examines the money practices of couples living together, including how they set rules for budgeting, spending, and saving money. Drawing from practice theory and working with evidence gathered among young Poles, the paper shows how the couples jointly create a financial arrangement and then ground it in daily practices, transform it, and adjust it to changing circumstances. As the partners share a practical understanding and the rules are intelligible to each of them, this arrangement reflects the current order in the given household. By reconstructing the explicit or tacit beliefs as to why certain money practices are appropriate, desirable, acceptable, or completely inadmissible, this paper argues that everyday money practices are moral in nature and that a financial arrangement requires moral justification.

20

Czy dla każdego większa ilość pieniędzy oznacza lepszą sytuację finansową? Postawy wobec pieniędzy a spostrzeganie własnego dochodu.

75%

Gąsiorowska A.

Psychologia Ekonomiczna

|

2012

|

issue 1

6-19

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy jest wykazanie, w jaki sposób postawa wobec pieniędzy wpływa na spostrzeganie swojej sytuacji finansowej. W badaniu użyto typologicznego podejścia do nastawienia wobec własnych finansów, sprowadzającego je do dwóch postaw instrumentalnych (refleksyjnych zarządców i niezaangażowanych hedonistów) i dwóch postaw symbolicznych (niespokojnych wielbicieli i negujących znaczenie). Wykazano, że osoby o odmiennych postawach wobec pieniędzy różnią się poziomem oceny własnej sytuacji finansowej przy kontrolowaniu dochodu, ale jednocześnie w każdej grupie zależność pomiędzy uzyskiwanym dochodem a oceną swojej sytuacji finansowej ma odmienny charakter.

EN

The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of money attitude on the perception of own financial standing. The typological approach to attitudes towards money was used, thus it concentrates on two instrumental (reflective managers and detached hedonists) and two symbolic attitudes (anxious admirers and money repellers). People presenting various money attitudes differs in terms of their perception of wealth, and in each group the relation between income and the perception of one’s financial standing is of different character.

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Pieniądz i instytucje finansowe a rozwój cywilizacji