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Moral reasoning of children with a severe socialisation deviation and their relation to important social norms

100%
Smolík, A., Svoboda Z.
Studia z Teorii Wychowania
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2015
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issue 3 (12)
95-115
EN
This text presents the partial results of a research project entitled An Analysis of the Teleological Aspects of Substitute Care Facilities and their Impact on the Value System of Children with a Severe Socialisation Deviation. The aim of the research was to assess the state of children’s personality cultivation in the area of moral development when placed in substitute care (facilities for individuals with a diagnosis of behaviour disorder). The focus of the project were children who have problems complying with important social rules at some point during their development. The level of their problems escalated up to the point of removal from the family. In this case the Czech school system offers the possibility of using alternative educational strategies implemented at special educational institutions. In the context of our research the question also remained to what extent these institutions were prepared to effectively fulfil their social obligation. An important motive for the design of this research was the current situation within society, where the system of educational facilities used to perform mandated institutional care and protective custody in the Czech Republic was subjected to different often controversial interventions in the recent years (in the opinion of experts working in this segment of educational activities). The system has undergone several rather awkward attempts to improve the work with children diagnosed with behaviour disorder. The following text is an interpretation of significant partial findings based on collected data.
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Moral Scens from Urban Life: Moral Perception of Modernity in Imperial Brazil

100%
Narita F. Z.
Praktyka Teoretyczna
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2017
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vol. 23
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issue 1
269-302
PL
In this article, I analyze moral perceptions of modernity in Rio de Janeiro between the 1850s and 1860s. Against a long theoretical tradition in the Latin American social sciences that emphasizes nineteenth-century modernity in the region as an opaque process (a mere attempt at imitating the Western European “pure” model), I would like to follow another theoretical path; that is, my analysis focuses on tangible experiences of modernity during the apogee of the Brazilian Empire. This research looks to newspapers, schoolbooks, books, and speeches delivered by the cultural elite in the public sphere. I analyze how moral perceptions of urban life in nineteenth-century Rio de Janeiro can be articulated into a structure based on processes of education. In other words, beyond the materiality in urban space (public street lighting, oil and gas companies, urban cleanliness, public gardens, etc.), there is an implicit relationship between the inner problems (political turbulence, poverty, and moral management of the urban population) and the moral content of modernity (which can be understood in terms of structural prescriptions). These processes of education, instead of an institution-centered practice concentrated only on schools, elaborate a diffuse set of prescriptions whose nexus is constituted by the content of morality. The paper reflects on the conditions of production and reproduction of modernity in a peripheral area (former colonial space) in the nineteenth century.
3
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Ethical analysis of the right of persons with intellectual disabilities to sexuality education in Slovakia

100%
Kocina P., Marková D.
Journal of Modern Science
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2015
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issue 3(26)
323-334
EN
Th e present study focuses on sexuality education as an integral part of the fundamental right to education. It analyses relevant provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and highlights related ethical issues. Study also shows that sexuality education is ideologically saturated and morally charged topic in Slovakia. In this paper we analyse context between social constructions of intellectual disability and sexuality and their implication for sexuality education. We outline some aspects of the right to sexuality education for persons with intellectual disabilities and discuss cultural challenges and related ethical dilemmas from the liberal point of view.
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A Humanização em saúde: entre a virtude e o dever segundo Ricoeur

86%
Silveira de Brito J. H., Borges de Meneses R. D.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
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2016
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issue 4(17)
87-99
EN
Following the thought of Ricoeur, humanization of health lies between virtue and duty. The first observation is to emphasize the effort. Ricoeur focuses the articulation that the author makes the teleological tradition, embodied especially in Aristotle, with the deontological tradition, with attention mainly Kant. Noting that each tradition has its share of truth, since the moral life is looking good and obedience to rules, Paul Ricoeur seeks to articulate the two traditions: the search for the good life must pass the scrutiny of the rules, that the tradition cultural consecrated. In this articulation, the first set as a criterion of the moral demand of the good, the good life, the life fulfilled life. Meanwhile, Ricoeur gives primacy to the Aristotelian tradition.
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Public Morality as a Legitimate Aim to Limit Rights and Freedoms in the National and International Legal Order

86%
Młynarska-Sobaczewska A., Kubuj K., Mężykowska A.
Contemporary Central and East European Law
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2019
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issue 1 (133)
10-20
EN
Domestic legislation and international instruments designed for the protection of human rights provide for general clauses allowing limitations of rights and freedoms, e.g. public morals. A preliminary analysis of the case-law leads to the observation that both national courts and the European Court of Human Rights, when dealing with cases concerning sensitive moral issues, introduce varied argumentation methods allowing them to avoid making direct moral judgments and relying on the legitimate aim of protecting morality. In the article the Authors analyse selected judicial rulings in which moral issues may have played an important role. The scrutiny is done in order to identify and briefly discuss some examples of ways of argumentation used in the area under discussion by domestic and international courts. The identification of the courts’ methods of reasoning enables us in turn to make a preliminary assessment of the real role that the morality plays in the interpretation of human rights standards. It also constitutes a starting point for further consideration of the impact of ideological and cultural connotations on moral judgments, and on the establishment of a common moral standard to be applied in cases in which restriction on human rights and freedoms are considered.
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Ewokowane przez przyjaźń wartości w perspektywie współczesnej kultury

72%
Czechowski J.
Edukacja Humanistyczna
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2020
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issue 1
59-76
PL
Współczesność nie sprzyja trwałym związkom osób. Żyjemy w pośpiechu, szukamy przyjemności, a konsumpcja nadaje stały rytm naszym działaniom i marzeniom. Przyjaźń wraz z ideałami, z którymi ona się nierozerwalnie łączy, wymaga poświęcenia i pracy nad sobą. Człowiek częstokroć woli podążać za tym, co łatwe i niewymagające poświęcenia. Przyjaźń buduje się na bezinteresowności, wzajemnym zaufaniu i podążaniu za dobrem. Piękno tej relacji wynika z poświęcania swego czasu, talentów, służby i ofiarnej pomocy. W ten sposób jedna ze stron, albo obie uprzytamniają sobie w interakcji wiele wartości, które trudno przecenić oraz doświadczają postaci miłości, o jakiej pisano już w starożytności. Warto zatem zarysować to zagadnienie w odniesieniu do obecnej kultury, aby uprzytomnić każdemu z nas jak jest ono ważne w życiu współczesnego człowieka.
EN
The present isn't supporting long-lasting associations of persons. We live in a hurry, we are searching for pleasure, and the consumption is granting the permanent rhythm our action and dreams. The friendship along with ideals with which she inseparably is uniting, requires the sacrifice and the work on oneself. The man more often than not prefers to follow it, what simple and not requiring dedications. The friendship is building a house on the disinterestedness, the mutual confidence and following the good. The beauty of this relation results from devoting once, talents, the service and the dedicated help. Whereas many values which it is hard to overrate are received from the partner of interaction and is already experiencing forms of love they were writing about which in ancient times. It is worthwhile so directing a few reflection towards issues of the friendship and the value here of those present.
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Didacticism and Morality in Azerbaijan Children’s Literature

72%
Gafarova S. H.
Studia Orientalne
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2022
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issue 3(23)
67-76
RU
Развитие детской литературы восходит к 18 веку в Англии. Отличительной особенностью детской литературы является то, что она опирается на фольклор народов. Детская литература разнообразна по содержанию и способу правильного выражения различных понятий. В связи с этим написание и критика детской литературы представляются сложной задачей, поскольку она имеет своеобразный характер. Цель написания детской литературы состоит в том, чтобы обучить их в раннем возрасте и воспитать хорошие ценности, поскольку все они формируют детский характер. Хотя в детской литературе есть ряд важных факторов, которые следует оценивать, возраст и сюжет всегда находятся в центре внимания. Возраст считается важным в детской литературе, а это означает, что он определяет способ передачи информации, выбор слов и темы для соответствующего возраста. Когда дело доходит до сюжета, на темы детской литературы влияют различные нюансы, начиная от собственной проницательности и подхода писателя и заканчивая периодом создания написанного материала. Учитывая тот факт, что поэтическое чувство у детей выше и его можно сравнить с творчеством писателей и поэтов, чтение детских книг способствует творчеству, познавательным способностям, критическому мышлению. Поэтому детская литература богата разнообразными темами и жанра ми. Однако с течением времени культура и нравы также постепенно меняются, и из-за этого считается, что дети теряют интерес к прежней детской литературе. В настоящее время вопросы экологии, технологические новшества и т.д. также значительно привлекают их внимание. Возникновение и развитие азербайджанской детской литературы напрямую связано с возникновением национальной просветительской идеологии. Сохранение родного языка и духовная потребность нации в образовании обусловили необходимость этой литературы. Азербайджанская детская литература также богата и разнообразна по вышеперечисленным факторам. Основным фактором, подтолкнувшим просвещенных писателей второй половины ХХ века к написанию детских книг, является потребность в книгах национальной поэзии и учебниках родного языка. Причина, по которой азербайджанская детская литература имеет отличительные черты, заключается в том, что Азербайджан является многокультурной и многоконфессиональной страной, что привело к развитию культурного разнообразия и толерантности. В азербайджанской детской литературе особым образом раскрывается значение таких культурных и нравственных ценностей, как доброта, честность, искренность и т.д. В связи с этим фольклор как неотъемлемая часть детской литературы играет важнейшую роль в воспитании нравственных ценностей, которые также сохраняют в себе культурные и художественные ценности. Различные жанры детской литературы воспитывают в человеке такие гуманные качества, как великодушие, доброта и др.
EN
The development of children’s literature dates back to the 18th century in England. The distinctive feature of children’s literature is that it benefits from the folklore of nations. Children’s literature is diverse in content and how to properly express different concepts. Regarding this, writing and criticising children’s literature appear challenging as they have a distinctive nature. The purpose of writing children’s literature is to educate them early and nurture good values since all of them shape their characters. Although there are many significant factors to evaluate in children’s literature, age and plot are always the centres of discussion. Age is considered essential in children’s literature, meaning that it determines the way of transmitting information, the word choice, and the theme for the suitable age. When it comes to the plot, different nuances, ranging from the writer’s insight and approach and the period in the written material is produced, affect topics in children’s literature. Considering that poetic feeling in children is higher and can be compared with writers’ and poets’ creativity, reading children’s books contributes to creativity, cognitive ability, and critical thinking. Therefore, children’s literature is rich in diverse topics and genres. However, as time changes, culture and morals also shift gradually, and because of this, children are believed to lose interest in the previous children’s literature. Environmental issues, technological innovations, etc., attract their attention. The emergence and development of Azerbaijan children’s literature are directly linked to the occurrence of a national enlightenment ideology. Preserving the mother tongue and the nation’s spiritual need for education conditioned this literature’s necessity. Azerbaijan children’s literature is also rich and diverse in terms of the mentioned factors. The triggering factor which encouraged enlightened writers to write children’s books in the second half of the twentieth century was the need for national poetry books and native language textbooks. Azerbaijan children’s literature has distinctive features because Azerbaijan is a multicultural and multireligious country, leading to cultural diversity and tolerance development. In Azerbaijan children’s literature, the importance of cultural and moral values such as kindness, honesty, sincerity, etc., is depicted uniquely. In terms of this, folklore, as an integral part of children’s literature, plays a crucial role in teaching moral values and preserving cultural and artistic treasures. Different genres in children’s literature instil humane characteristics in human beings, such as generosity, kindness, etc.
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АКТУАЛЬНІСТЬ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІСТОРИЧНОГО ДОСВІДУ МОРАЛЬНО-ЕТИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ В ЖИТТЯ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ РОДИНИ

72%
Муляр Н.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2014
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issue 10(44)
257-265
EN
The article analyzes the current problems of raising children in the modern Ukrainian family. The role of parents in shaping the moral and ethical values in children is discussed. The expediency of use of the historical experience on moral and ethical education of children in modern family is argued. A dedicated family as the most sustainable, socially and spiritually significant institution in the moral education of the younger generation is characterized by a number of factors, which form peaceful relations between family members and promote its harmonious moral development. Actively working on a study of family Institute, the author provides important specific recommendations for the process related-family education on moral and ethical values of the modern Ukrainian teachers and psychologists. Another important aspect of the lighting of the Institute of childhood in the traditional culture of the Ukrainians is labor. The purpose of the article is to study the historical experience of moral and ethical education of children and to prove the feasibility of its implementation in the life of a modern family. It is pointed out that true education of the younger generation is seen in Christian values, which are stable foundation of moral and ethical education of children. Thanks to clearly defined moral orientations, the child may develop as a conscious personality in his actions and deeds. Such a person cannot be influence by negative information, which provide modern mass media: Internet, TV, press. In life this person will be culturally-conscious and will not copy his peers or idols with a negative attitude towards life. It is also important to note that Ukraine’s aspirations to build a civilized, democratic and humane society requires revision, the attitude of state institutions to the family, its moral and material well-being, becauseone of the priority directions of the state policy in Ukraine should become an effective family policy. The content of family policy should be comprehensive and reflect the relations between the state and the family in the main spheres of the society. At the same time, it should focus on specific family problems associated with the implementation of its main social functions (reproductive, economic, educational). In connection with this matter clear differentiation of family and social policy in relation to general and specific problems of family, raising legal awareness of families, children and youth about their rights should be given.
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