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Determinants of employees provident fund in Malaysia: Potential factors to jeopardize the EPF sustainability

100%
Hassan S., Othman Z.
Business and Economic Horizons
|
2018
|
vol. Volume 14
|
issue Issue 1
29-42
EN
The topic of EPF sustainability has gained considerable attentions among the governments worldwide. In the wake of growing elderly population, improving life expectancy and declining mortality rate particularly in Malaysia over the years, concerns arise on the EPF’s failure to fully commit the retirement incomes provision to the elderly population in the post-retirement periods. Specifically, this paper examines the short run and long run relationships between EPF balances and its determinants; investment earnings, nominal income, elderly population, life expectancy and mortality rate from 1960 to 2014. Of the findings, elderly population and mortality rate are unfolded to represent key deterrents of EPF balances, which acts as the proxy for the EPF sustainability, both in the short run and long run cycles. Thus, new improvements to the existing EPF scheme are recommended as means to alleviate the poverty problems among the elderly population besides addressing other economic and social fronts.
2
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Stochastyczne modelowanie umieralności

88%
Jodź K.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2014
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issue 12(18)
237-252
EN
This article presents the methodology of stochastic modeling mortality on the example of the models: Lee-Carter, Renshaw-Haberman and Plat. As a result of calcula-tions, estimated model parameters describing the level of mortality in the Polish popula-tion have been obtained. Based on the estimated models predictions of life expectancy in Poland have been made.
3
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Hospital medical care and the COVID-19 mortality in METEOR partner countries (the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, and Poland)

75%
Kowalska M., de Winter P., Godderis L., Boone A., Szemik S.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2023
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vol. 36
|
issue 3
417-427
EN
Objectives Healthcare systems in European countries, including METEOR partner countries, are faced with the aging population, an increase in costs for innovative technologies and medication, a shortage of health professionals, and inequality in access to healthcare. Presented paper aimed to recognize and compare the functioning of healthcare systems between METEOR partner countries and simultaneously check if the current epidemiological situation of COVID-19 has some relationship with the number of medical staff, yearly gross domestic product, or documented percentage of fully vaccinated people. Material and Methods In the model of descriptive epidemiological study, available demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare organizational data in the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, and Poland were compared to the epidemiological situation of the COVID-19 pandemic (percentage of fully vaccinated people, incidence, and mortality) in all mentioned countries. Results Obtained data confirmed that the lowest number of physicians, as well as the life expectancy and gross domestic product per capita, is in Poland. Simultaneously, the lower number of medical staff and lower gross domestic product (GDP) correspond to higher mortality due to COVID-19. The percentage of fully vaccinated with the last dose of the primary series was also the lowest in Poland. Conclusions Obtained results confirmed that higher mortality due to COVID-19 in METEOR participants’ countries is related to a lower number of medical staff and weaker GDP. The worse situation was noted in Poland, a country with problems in the functioning healthcare system, including hospital care and a serious shortage of practicing medical staff.
4
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Construction of multi-state life tables for critical illness insurance – influence of age and sex on the incidence of health inequalities

63%
Dębicka J., Zmyślona B.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
|
2016
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issue 14 (20)
41-64
XX
The aim of the paper is twofold. The first one is to present the multi-state life tables associated with the insurance against the risk for lung cancer. Probabilistic structure of the model regarding incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer takes into account many factors such as a patient’s health condition (mild and critical), the probability of remaining in mild state of health and the probability of state of health deterioration. The lifetime in a critical state is analyzed in detail. The probability of death of a patient is also analysed according to the health condition. The analysis of the influence of inequalities in health caused by gender, biological sex and age on the probabilistic structure pose the second aim of paper.
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