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EN
Abdominal obesity is caused by several factors and the explanation of the level of its variability also depends on anthropometric indexes applied for its assessment. The aim was to determine the degree of explanation of the abdominal adiposity variation, presented by the aggregate fat distribution index (AFDI), through the socio-economic status and lifestyle. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on a sample of 259 healthy working males aged 20-30 from the city of Cracow, Poland. A full model was created using a stepwise backward regression with the social and lifestyle data as independent variables and the AFDI as a dependent variable. The AFDI was created by unitarization applied to selected characteristics of fat distribution which were transformed into [0,1] interval (without measurement unit) and then added and averaged to form a composite index. The highest autonomous influence on AFDI is ascribed to age (b = 0.2456 p = 0.000), level of motor fitness b=−0.2392 p=0.000), leisure time physical activity (b=−0.1353 p=0.000) and being born in a rural area (b=0.1300 p=0.000). The variables explain 17% (R2=0.1667) of the variation of the central fat distribution. Variation of the abdominal adiposity was explained with the use of AFDI at the level close to the commonly applied indexes.
PL
W opracowaniu dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu na temat myśli teoretycznej w zakresie konstrukcji testów sprawności motorycznej dla potrzeb szeroko pojętej rekreacji fizycznej. Przedstawiono zasady tworzenia prób sprawności motorycznej oraz uzasadniono konieczność stałej kontroli i oceny sprawności fizycznej nie tylko dzieci i młodzieży, ale również osób dorosłych. Szczególne miejsce poświęcono problematyce relatywnej oceny sprawności motorycznej, której ideą jest norma docelowa, zgodna z aktualnymi predyspozycjami morfologicznymi, energetycznymi, koordynacyjnymi i psychicznymi osobnika. Udowodniono, że takie podejście metodologiczne wytwarza system bodźców, pozytywnie mobilizujących osobnika do systematycznej aktywności fizycznej – niezbędnego czynnika prawidłowego rozwoju psychomotorycznego. Za normalny rozwój ruchowy osobnika uznano dobry stan zdrowia, rozwoju intelektualnego, uspołecznienia, zdobytych doświadczeń życiowych i większej niezależności oraz pozytywnego obrazu własnej osoby. Dla tych celów niezbędna jest stała aktywność fizyczna poparta okresową kontrolą i oceną poziomu sprawności motorycznej człowieka.
EN
In this work, the review of the reference literature concerning the theory of constructing tests of motor fitness for the physical recreation’s requirements has been produced. The rules for creating tests of physical fitness have been presented and the necessity of constant control and evaluation of physical fitness, not only of children and adolescents, but also adults, has been substantiated. A focus has been put on the notion of the relative evaluation of the motor fitness. Its main idea is the target norm, which is in accordance with the current morphological, energetic, coordination and mental predispositions of a person. It has been proved that such methodological approach creates a system of impulses that positively motivate a person to be active physically. Physical activeness is a necessary factor of a correct psycho-motor development. Normal motor development of a human being has been defined as good health, intellectual development, socializing, life experience, considerable level of independence and high self-esteem. To reach these goals, a person requires constant physical activeness, supported by systematic control and evaluation of the level of motor fitness.
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