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How to measure the effectiveness of technology parks? The case of Poland

100%
Cheba K., Hołub-Iwan J.
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
|
2014
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issue 1(43)
27-38
XX
In a knowledge-based economy, the human capital that is capable of innovative thinking and entrepreneurial action is the factor responsible for the creation of prosperity. Technology parks are an example of a high concentration of innovative human capital. In the past five years several new park initiatives have been established in Poland. In some large cities such as Poznan and Wroclaw, there is already a kind of fashion for technology parks. These initiatives are called technology parks, research and business parks. The activities of parks should be development measured, for example, by employment growth in the regions, and the innovativeness of companies. Technology parks are from an organizational and conceptual point of view the most advanced innovation centers in Poland. Entrepreneurs, representatives of the scientific sector, business environment institutions as well as regional authorities expect of them a permanent, intensive development, which translates into the development of the environment in which they operate. The main aim of this paper is a multidimensional comparative analysis of the spatial diversity of the development of technology parks in Poland. For the study of spatial differentiation in the development of technology parks in Poland a taxonomic measure of development zi was used, which was based on the statistical information collected during the study ”Benchmarking of technology parks in Poland – 2012 edition”. The statistical information of the 19 technology parks selected for the study was analyzed. The multi-dimensional comparative analysis in the study of technology parks shows that the phase of growth of parks does not always translate directly into the position they occupy in the taxonomic hierarchy.
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Addressing and Acknowledging Readers and Writers. Exploring Metadiscourse in Opinion Writing Online

63%
Biri Y.
Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium
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2018
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vol. 3
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issue 1
PL
Skutecznie napisana opinia powinna w przekonujący sposób przedstawiać punkt widzenia autora, ale też i angażować czytelnika. To, czy autor czyni więcej odniesień do swoich punktów widzenia czy do czytelnika zależy od kontekstu pojawienia się danego tekstu. Metadyskurs stanowi pragmatyczną strukturę jawnych strategii lingwistycznych wykorzystywanych do tworzenia odniesień do czytelnika, do autora i do ich sądów, jak również tworzenia odniesień do organizacji tekstualnej. W niniejszym artykule wykorzystano metodę wielowymiarowej analizy (Multi-Dimensional Analysis) do zbadania statystycznie istotnych wzorców korelacji między znacznikami metadyskursowymi. Badanie specjalistycznego korpusu pisania online opinii po angielsku przez (pół) profesjonalnych autorów (285 000 słów) wyłoniło cztery wzorce. W zaproponowanej tu interpretacji reprezentują one strategie autorów, mające na celu zdefiniowanie relacji między nimi samymi, czytelnikiem a tematem. Mimo zazębiania się i istnienia tendencji międzygatunkowych, użycie metadyskursu jest w pewnym stopniu zdeterminowane przez obowiązujące normy podgatunku tekstu – tutaj, na przykład określenie czy platforma publikacji jest blogiem, portalem z wiadomościami lub stroną internetową gazety drukowanej. Blogi zazwyczaj wykorzystują strategię nakierowaną na autora, z większą ilością auto-odniesień. Z kolei portale informacyjne stosują strategię zorientowaną na czytelnika, lub też strategię solidarnościową, łączącą czytelnika i autora w inkluzyjnym zaimku "my". Wyniki badania mogą mieć wartość zarówno w zrozumieniu dziennikarskich gatunków internetowych, jak i dla rozwoju ram metadyskursywnych.
EN
Effective opinion writing should present the author’s viewpoint in a convincing way but also engage the reader. Whether the author makes more references to their own viewpoints or to the reader is determined by the context of the text. Metadiscourse is a pragmatic framework of explicit linguistic devices used to make references to the reader, the writer and their evaluations, as well as references to the textual organisation. This paper employs the corpus-driven method Multi-Dimensional Analysis to study statistically significant correlation patterns between metadiscourse markers. Four patterns emerge from a specialized corpus of opinion writing online in English by (semi-)professional writers (285,000 words). The patterns are here thought to represent writers’ strategies to define the relationship between themselves, the reader and the topic. While there are some overlaps and cross-genre tendencies, the metadiscoursal style is to some extent be determined by the prevailing norms of the sub-genre of the text – here, whether the publication platform is a blog, a news site, or the website of a print-newspaper. Blogs tend use a writer-oriented strategy with more self-mentions, and news sites a reader-oriented strategy or a solidarity strategy uniting the reader and writer under a shared “we”-pronoun. The results of the study may be of value both in understanding the journalistic online genres and for the development of the metadiscourse framework.
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