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EN
This article focuses on the issue of social support received by students of music schools in the context of their musical achievements. The theoretical part of this article contains the characteristics of factors related to the musical achievements of students; the support they receive from their environment is essential for their success in the process of musical education and their subsequent artistic career, in addition to their musical abilities and traits of personality. The research part is devoted to detailed analysis of the support level received by music school students and its correlation to their level of musical achievement. Social support is analysed with a view to its structure, distinguishing the following kinds of support: emotional, evaluative, informative and instrumental received from people who are significant to the music school student and indicates the essential presence of support in the process of musical achievement. Moreover, as part of the presentation of the study, the authors introduce their original tool for measuring social support tailored to the realities of music schools - the Scale of Social Support of the Students of Music Schools (Gluska, 2011). This tool may be applied in the work of educational psychologists and teachers in music schools.
EN
The purpose of this article is the presentation of the results of the research conducted in Poland on the effectiveness of music education realised in accordance with the assumptions of Edwin Elias Gordon’s Theory of Music Learning, which holds an important place in the existing systems of common music education. Gordon pays attention to the need of undertaking the earliest possible music interactions when it comes to children. Some observations conducted among pregnant women and infants during music activities being realised in accordance with the assumptions of Gordon’s theory showed that infants display some reactions indicating the recognition of the music presented before the birth. They also demonstrated that these children reacted to music earlier than the infants who were not musically stimulated in their prenatal period. The experimental research conducted among children at pre-school age and early-school age proved greater, compared to the traditional methods, effectiveness of the interactions resulting from Gordon’s Theory of Music Learning in the development of their music aptitudes and musical achievements. Moreover, they also proved that the stimulation of music aptitudes contributes to the development of children’s perceptive-motor functions especially in the context of developmental shortages compensation. Other research confirmed the validity of E.E. Gordon’s thesis about the existing relation between instrument timbre preference and the achievements in playing them.
PL
Celem artykułu jest opisanie trzech wybranych testów do diagnozy i oceny zdolności i osiągnięć muzycznych dzieci i młodzieży szkolnej. Pierwszy z nich – średnia miara słuchu muzycznego Edwina E. Gordona – przeznaczony jest do badania zdolności muzycznych dzieci w wieku 6–9 lat. Test muzycznych umiejętności percepcyjnych opracowany przez Agnieszkę Weiner przygotowany został dla uczniów kończących III klasę szkoły podstawowej. Test orientacji w dziejach i dorobku kultury muzycznej Barbary Kamińskiej skonstruowany został z myślą o młodzieży licealnej jako końcowy sprawdzian wyników nauczania muzyki w szkole powszechnej z założeniem, iż bada on podstawowe umiejętności i wiadomości niezbędne dla słuchacza muzyki artystycznej bez względu na miejsce ich zdobycia (szkoła, kontakty pozaszkolne).
EN
The aim of the article is to describe three chosen texts on diagnosis and evaluation of musical abilities and achievements of school-age children. The first text Intermediate Measures of music audiation by Edwin E. Gordon is devoted to research on musical abilities of children aged 6–9. Second text Test of musical perceptive abilities elaborated by Agnieszka Weiner was prepared for children who graduate from a III grade of a primary school. The last text – Test of knowledge on history and musical culture achievements by Barbara Kaminska was prepared as a final test of music education for high school aged children. Author’s assumption was to evaluate general abilities and knowledge of an artistic music recipient, irrespectively of a place where one learned them (school, out-of-school contacts).
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