Search results - CEJSH

1

Bruce Lincoln, Between History and Myth: Stories of Harald Fairhair and the Founding of the State

100%

Rutkowski R.

Rocznik Antropologii Historii

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2016

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issue 9, Dziedzictwo kulturowe

337–345

XX

Review: Bruce Lincoln, Between History and Myth: Stories of Harald Fairhair and the Founding of the State, Chicago-London 2014.

2

Evolutionary Psychology as the Contemporary Myth

100%

Ługowska D.

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2008

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vol. 13

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issue 2

357-365

EN

Science or myth? This question contains the basic problem, arising from the analysis of evolutionary psychology. The problem in question refers to the status of the interpretations of reality promoted by the evolutionists, in particular in reference to the human being. This article is an attempt to present an argument for the following thesis: firstly, that there are no scientific criteria for evaluating hypotheses in evolutionary psychology; and secondly that the theses of the discipline contain certain cultural contents—which until present times were carried by myth.

3

Recenzja: O naturze przywództwa Adolfa Hitlera w ujęciu Laurence’a Reesa

80%

Maciejewski M.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2014

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vol. 36

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issue 3

53 - 65

EN

In the article the author discusses the evolution of Hitler’s charismatic leadership among the Nazis until 1933 and after their accession to power in Germany – also among other Germans. Drawing on Laurence Rees’ book and other publications the author analyses the reasons, propagandist premises, ideological elements, political determinants and various consequences of the cult or even myth of the NSDAP leader in German society. He presents the successive stages in the growth of Hitler’s charismatic leadership, from the early 1920s to the fall of the Third Reich. He points to the almost uncritical attitude of avast majority of the Germans to their Führer and even their fascination with him, especially in the 1930s and in the early 1940s.

4

Muutide ja muistendite roll prantsuse antropoloogias

80%

Fournier L. S.

Mäetagused

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2012

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vol. 51

49–58

EN

The article introduces research into myths and legends in French anthropology, giving a general theoretical and historical overview of the discipline and its trends. Among the approximately five hundred abstracts, which have recently been published in “Fichier Central des Thèses”, the database of French higher educational institutions, and which include the word “myth” either in the heading or the body of the text, less than 5% are researches into ethnology or anthropology, whereas the others come from the field of literary studies, psychology, sociology, linguistics, politology, etc. This proves that myths cover a considerably wider range of disciplines than anthropological studies. This brief overview presents only a part of the diverse and complicated French myth and legend studies. From the point of view of terminology, it would be essential to establish if all the authors who discuss the notion of the myth mean one and the same thing. The article focuses on anthropology, disregarding research into stories and legends in literary disciplines and myth-critical trends, as well as myth studies carried out by psychologists. Recent studies using myths in a figurative meaning – for instance, politology – have not been included either. Only printed materials have been used, leaving aside cultural activities, including museums, where myths, folk tales and legends find wider response than among the readers of academic publications. The facts presented in the article direct the reader to the key texts, in order to arouse curiosity and interest in this so far poorly studied topic in the era where anthropology is meant to regulate, above all, social and intercultural problems.

5

Mit Litwy w polskiej kulturze

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Buchowski K.

Krakowskie Pismo Kresowe

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2011

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vol. 3

103-122

LT

Straipsnyje aptariama istorinio Lietuvos mito problematika Lenkijos kultūros sanklodoje. Autorius pabrė žia pamažu stiprėjančią lietuviškos kultūros svarbą Lenkijos intelektualų veikloje nuo pat XIX a. pra džios. Svarbią vietą čia užima Vilnius – bene svarbiausias to amžiaus mokslo ir meno centras. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas Vilniaus universitetui (Uniwersytet Wileński, 1803-1832), kuriame dirbo gausus bū rys lenkų intelektualų garsinusių ir Lietuvosvardą visoje šalyje bei už jos ribų iki pat šio universiteto už darymo. Būtent čia kilo Lenkijos intelektualų susidomėjimas Lietuvos istorija, jos kultūra, lietuvių kalba ir tautosaka. Šių kelių Vilniaus universiteto gyvavimo dešimtmečių laikotarpiu buvo išspausdinta pluoštas veikalų, kuriuose paskelbti iškilūs lietuvių muzikos, literatūros, poezijos bei kitų kultūros sričių tyrinėji mai. Visa tai liudijo šių darbų autorių išsamų lietuviškos kultūros pažinimą bei supratimą. Romantinės pakraipos Vilniaus lenkų literatūriniai ir kitų kultūros apraiškų kūriniai šio Lietuvos mito propagavimu tapo neatsiejama abiejų tautų kultūros ir mokslo istorijos dalimi.

EN

The article is devoted to the studies of the birth of the Lithuanian myth in Polish Culture. Author points the importance of Lithuania in Polish intellectual life increased since the beginning of the 19th century. The role of Vilnius as one of the most influential research and artistic centers particularly improved. Vil nius University (Uniwersytet Wileński, 1803-1832), which influence and achievements spread beyond Lithuanian border for a long time after it had been closed down, played an especially significant role. A lot of interest in Lithuanian history and culture, its languages and folklore developed among Vilnius intel lectuals. The tendency was steady: in next decades numerous musical works, scientific research and literary works were created. They were inspired by widely understood Lithuanian culture. Vilnius started liv ing its own life of a legendary capital of romanticism and a town of glorious but tragic history. Owing to a romantic tradition Lithuanian issues became one of the typical features of Polish culture.

6

GAEA- PRINCIPE PASSIF; LA SYMBOLISATION SOCIALE DU MYTHE

80%

Dărăbuş C. C.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2010

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vol. 2

75-91

EN

The paper Gaea – Passive Principle; the Social Symbolization of the Myth observes, in the Naturalistic esthetic context, with realistic nuances, the relationships of the characters with property. The Earth, a strong symbolic presence in universal literature becomes a metaphor of germination, of the opposition with the sky. The Earth structures communities and individual destinies in a circular construction in the novels The Earth by Emile Zola and Ion by Liviu Rebreanu, but then becomes again the primordial chaos. Masculine and feminine principles are in perpetual confrontation; at the symbolic-anthropological level, earth, life and death are in a cosmic connection, viewed as a condition of the eternal revival. The human regnum, the animal regnum and the vegetal regnum are, more often than not, indistinct in their vibrations. Apparently a passive principle, the earth provokes in the human being all his latent instincts, ready for the Dionysian exultation and for death.

7

REPRESENTATIONS OF THE WORLD AXIS IN THE JAPANESE AND THE ROMANIAN CULTURE

80%

Rusu M. R.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2010

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vol. 2

207-219

EN

The purpose of this paper is to briefly present some of the forms the world axis takes in Japanese and Romanian cultures through the ages, namely, to show how a mythological concept – the axis mundi – has outlived its mythological existence and has survived up to modern days. We do not intend to concentrate on similarities or differences, but simply present some of the many culture-specific representations of this universal mythological concept: world axis representations in modern Japanese festivals (of which we have chosen three, to represent “pillar torches”: “the Sakaki sacred tree”, “the sacred mountain”, and “the sacred pillar”) and some world axis representations in Romanian culture, such as the fir tree, symbols related to dendrolatry, wooden crosses placed at crossroads, the ritual of climbing mountains, etc.

8

The Political and Historical Myths and Their Role in the Ideological Struggles over the Republic of Macedonia at the Beginning of the 20th Century

80%

Rekść M.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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issue 4(30)

145-161

EN

The Republic of Macedonia, especially at the turn of the the 20th century, is an excellent example of the ethnic manipulation phenomena which can be understood as a tendentious attempt of proving that a given area is inhabited by a large number of people belonging to a certain ethic group or nationality in order to justify one’s territorial demands. A number of such attempts was conducted in many different ways over the years. Nevertheless, the main idea of this work is to look for arguments found in history or rather to look on the tendentiously rewritten history, to be precise, which was supposed to suit current political programmes. Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians but also, in a lesser extent, Romanians, Turks, Albanians and Montenegrins tried to prove their rights to the Macedonian lands by propagating, among other things, national and political myths. Sometimes, the search for justification of the territorial demands in the freely interpreted history could be described as a grotesque process. People were willing to accept such implausible stories as a truth, because a myth is not something to discuss but rather something to believe in. One has to remember that in that time history was treated freely, as a set of stories that could be freely modified in accordance with actual needs. The scientific value and the act of reaching towards the truth was considerably less important than a skilful shaping of a given story. The intellectuals of Romanticism emphasised that history has a certain mission to fulfil, that is has to guard the national interest.

9

O badaniu mitu w kontekście zwrotu ikonicznego

80%

Kwiatkowska E.

Studia Religiologica

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2012

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vol. 45

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issue 4

267–281

EN

This article concerns the issue exploring myth in the context of the iconic turn. Iconic turn, opposed to formulating images as texts, signs or illustrations, treats both images and imagery as categories of cultural phenomena analysis. Attributing theory-cognitive status to images, the article explores the relation between cognition, imagination, image and myth. Considering the differentia specifica of mythical thinking – imagery, we can say that the assumptions of iconic turn are at the very heart of myth knowledge issues, especially the issues of myth and mythopoiesis. They also reach the problems of separating basic mythical images as cultural images, image acts as constituting myths and the relation between the imagery and textuality of myth.

10

Myth, Utopia, and Political Action

80%

Mendel I.

Human Affairs

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2007

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vol. 17

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issue 2

209-219

EN

Starting from the premise that some form of "reality transcendence", i.e. the ability to imagine a different reality and reach out for the (un)thinkable, is necessary for political action, the aim of this paper is to analyse the concepts of myth and utopia elaborated by Georges Sorel and Karl Mannheim and to examine their possible contributions to a theory of political action and social change. By comparing the role the authors assign to rationality and irrationality in human affairs, methodological and conceptual differences between Sorel's and Mannheim's approaches to the political are illustrated. It turns out that due to its immunity to critique Sorel's concept of the social myth is highly problematic. Mannheim's concept of utopia, on the other hand, culminates in a technocratic understanding of the political. Though both approaches emphasise the collective dimension of political action, they ultimately exhibit elitist understandings of the political.

11

„Мифологические модели и ритуальное поведение в советском и постсоветском пространстве. Сборник статей”, zebrała Aleksandra Archipowa, wydawca: Центр типологиии семиотики фольклора РГГУ, Москва 2013, ss. 472.

80%

Pazio-Wlazłowska D.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

EN

„Mifologicheskie modeli i ritual’noe povedenie v sovetskom i postsovetskom prostranstve: sbornik stateĭ” Arkhipova, A. (Comp.), Moskva: TSentr tipologii i semiotiki fol’klora RGGU 2013, pp. 472The volume under discussion, entitled Мифологические модели и ритуальное поведение в советском и постсоветском пространстве, contains lectures that were delivered during a conference organized by the Centre for Typology and Semiotics of Folklore Studies of the Russian State University for the Humanities in September 2013. In this volume, based on rich source material, which has been shown from different perspectives, the following issues were discussed: visional transformation, celebrating of new rites, creating new rituals, magical practices and leaders’ images.

12

„Мифологические модели и ритуальное поведение в советском и постсоветском пространстве. Сборник статей”, zebrała Aleksandra Archipowa, wydawca: Центр типологиии семиотики фольклора РГГУ, Москва 2013, ss. 472.

80%

Pazio-Wlazłowska D.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

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2014

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vol. 38

355-359

EN

The volume under discussion, entitled Мифологические модели и ритуальное поведение в советском и постсоветском пространстве, contains lectures that were delivered during a conference organized by the Centre for Typology and Semiotics of Folklore Studies of the Russian State University for the Humanities in September 2013. In this volume, based on rich source material, which has been shown from different perspectives, the following issues were discussed: visional transformation, celebrating of new rites, creating new rituals, magical practices and leaders’ images.

13

Orestes bojownikiem ruchu oporu, czyli mit Atrydów w filmie "Podróż komediantów" Theo Angelopoulosa

80%

Łomanowska I.

Adeptus

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2016

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issue 8

EN

Orestes as a resistance fighter, or the myth of the Atreides in Theo Angelopoulos’s film The travelling playersThe paper examines the use of the Atreides myth in Theo Angelopoulos’s film The travelling players (1975) in the context of the director’s interpretation of the phenomenon of myth. Angelopoulos treated myth as a set of archetypical situations and patterns of conduct constantly reproduced in the history of the world. He intertwined elements of classical stories with the history of Greece and the Byzantine tradition, thus showing their universal character. In The travelling players, Angelopoulos used the story of betrayed and murdered Agamemnon, who is avenged by his children: Orestes and Electra, but he moved it into modern times, setting the film in Greece of the 1940s and 1950s. The myth is reproduced with modulations: the most important events take place as a result of interventions of History, not fate or decisions of the gods. Moreover, the characters’ conflicts are enriched with a political dimension, as Angelopolous portrays the discord between their ideological stances. But the members of the acting company are as helpless in the face of events as the family of the king of Argos. Orestes bojownikiem ruchu oporu, czyli mit Atrydów w filmie Podróż komediantów Theo AngelopoulosaArtykuł jest analizą sposobu wykorzystania przez Theo Angelopoulosa mitu Atrydów w filmie Podróż komediantów (1975) w kontekście dokonanej przez niego interpretacji zjawiska mitu. Grecki reżyser traktował mit jako zbiór archetypicznych sytuacji i wzorów postępowania odtwarzanych nieustannie w dziejach świata. Elementy antycznych opowieści splatał w filmach z historią Grecji i tradycją bizantyjską, ujawniając ich uniwersalny charakter. W Podróży komediantów wykorzystał historię zdradzonego i zamordowanego Agamemnona, który zostaje pomszczony przez swoje dzieci: Orestesa i Elektrę, ale przeniósł ją w czasy współczesne, portretując Grecję lat 40. i 50. XX wieku. Mit zostaje zreprodukowany z modulacjami: kluczowe wydarzenia następują w wyniku interwencji historii, nie fatum czy decyzji bogów. Ponadto konflikty między postaciami zostają wzbogacone o wymiar polityczny, ponieważ Angelopoulos ukazuje rozdźwięk między ich postawami ideologicznymi. Jednak członkowie trupy aktorskiej pozostają wobec wydarzeń tak samo bezradni jak rodzina władcy Argolidy.

14

Zamknięcie w języku. „Oblężenie” Jewgienija Griszkowca

80%

Biegluk-Leś W.

Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze

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2018

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issue 13

263-284

EN

The author of this article analyzes the play The Siege by Evgeny Grishkovets, a renowned contemporary Russian writer. She places it against a background of the rest of his works, exposing essential features that characterize his entire dramaturgy, such as the presence of metatheatrical devices, recognition of the importance of contact with the audience, and emphasis on stage performance. The analysis also draws attention to such elements of the play as non-homogeneous spatio-temoral framework, hybrid composition of characters, and parallel development of plot threads. Special attention is paid to the “imprisoning” of characters in discourses and the ambivalent nature of cultural symbols. As the author points out, The Siege stands out in the Grishkovets’s oeuvre, both by departing from the dominant monodrama form and by juxtaposing key themes recurring in his works: the human experience of war, the reflection on the nature of time, the collapse of language referential abilities, and the impossibility of authentic communication.

15

Condemned to victory. The novel Star Man by Aleksander Prokhanov

80%

Syska K.

Świat i Słowo

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2020

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vol. 35(2)

137-153

EN

Alexander Prokhanov is one of the most significant figures in the patriotic-conservative circles in Russia. What makes him extraordinary is his versatility – he is a political activist, journalist, media personality and a writer. The idea of special historical destiny of Russia is a constant component of his political views which have a strong mystical background. The novel Star Man is a typical example of the literary expansion of his political concepts by referring to the poetics of myth.

16

Martwy mit. O Orszuli z Trenów Jana Kochanowskiego

80%

Marek J.

Świat i Słowo

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2009

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vol. Świat i Słowo 2009, nr 2 (13)

15-20

EN

The author presents two Threnodies by Jan Kochanowski, No. VI and No. VII. He argues that the texts, mainly due to their metaphors, are linked and in a way “united”. The dead girl, Orszula, the heroine of both poems, is shown as a bride leaving the parents’ house with her groom: Death. The author, making references to the Mediterranean tradition, wonders why such a peculiar and surprising combination of death and wedding ceremony appeared and tries to understand what the meaning of such a combination is.

17

Медиевалистический текст в современной русской литературе как ответ на поиски идентичности после распада СССР

80%

Pacyno W.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2019

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vol. 44

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issue 1

201-210

RU

The aim of the article is defining the cause of popularity of medievalism in contemporary Russian literature as well as describing an impact of the images of the Middle Ages in Russian medievalist texts on the national identity after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

18

HISTORIA HISTORIOGRAFII JAKO HISTORIA PRAWDY. DWUGŁOS O PODSTAWACH TEORETYCZNYCH HISTORII HISTORIOGRAFII JERZEGO TOPOLSKIEGO

80%

Solarska M., Bugajewski M.

Historia@Teoria

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2017

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vol. 1

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issue 3

123-130

EN

In this article we refl ect on the theoretical foundations of Jerzy Topolski’s history of historiography. In the fi rst part of the text, entitled “On truth in historiography – pragmatically and idealistically,” Maria Solarska shows the relationship between Topolski’s theory of truth and his view of the community of historians, of that community’s methodological and ethical rules. In the second part of the text, “Historiography between truth and myth,” Maciej Bugajewski raises a question about Topolski’s defi nition of the diff erence between truth and myth. In our opinion Topolski wanted to see the history of historiography as the history of truth about the past.

19

Ἀργὼ πᾶσι μέλουσα, παρ᾽ Αἰήταο πλέουσα – greckie źródła literackie do poznania mitu o Medei i wyprawie Argonautów po złote runo od VIII w. p.n.e. do III w. p.n.e.

80%

Dworniak J.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2019

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issue 19

9-30

EN

The myth of Medea and the Argonauts’ voyage to the faraway Colchis in search of the Golden Fleece belongs to the earliest legends of ancient Greece. The narrative elements of the tale would change over time. For almost thirteen centuries, from Homer to the late-antique poem Argonautica Orphica, which yet again retold the heroes’ expedition to Colchis, the legend of the Colchian sorceress and the fifty brave men fascinated ancient poets, historians and tragedians. Hence the paper focuses on the Greek literary sources which conveyed the tale. A detailed discussion of the works aims to highlight the diversity and multiplicity of the myth’s versions as well as outlines the evolution of the legend, whose most celebrated and recognized literary variant is found in Argonautica by Apollonius Rhodius.

20

"Fizika na tygata" Georgiego Gospodinowa - bułgarska tęsknota za powieścią?

80%

Pytlak M.

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2013

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vol. 17

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issue 2

189-196

EN

At the beginning of 2012 in Bulgaria was published Ôèçèêà íà òúãàòà (Physics of sorrow / of longing) by Georgi Gospodinov, one of the most important Bulgarian writers of the younger generation. Since the release of the book, Bulgarian literary scholars and critics are in dispute about whether Bulgaria has finally its contemporary, post- or even postpostmodern novel. My paper is an attempt to answer the question why the Bulgarian literature is waiting for a novel, and whether and how it has been used by Gospodinov – writer and literary scholar. The text poses also question about the boundaries of the novel genre. The text focuses on the use of myth, which turns out to be important for the story itself, as well as for its reception. Bulgarian writer deconstructs the myth of Minotaur, using the figure of the labyrinth in the structure of the book. Resigning from the classical myth, Gospodinov goes to meet the expectations of readers placed on the genre of the novel, which by Bartoszyñski is „specific creation of a social mythology”.

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