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  1. 2 Acta onomastica

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  1. 2 2021

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  1. 1 Ruhstaller S.

  2. 1 Šimečková M.

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Name creation as an interpretation of the incomprehensible. Traditional popular names of cave art sites in Spanish speech communities

100%
Ruhstaller S.
Acta onomastica
|
2021
|
vol. 62
|
issue 1
114-129
EN
Long before their discovery by scientists in the late 19th century, many places with prehistoric rock paintings were well known among the traditional inhabitants of the surrounding areas. These speech communities, which completely lacked any kind of historical or archaeological knowledge, created names by which they could describe and identify the sites of the enigmatic findings. Linguistic and cultural analysis of the proper names thus coined makes it possible to reconstruct the popular reception of the phenomenon we now consider rock art, and highlights the mechanisms by which realities that are beyond objective comprehension are designated among speakers characterized by language competences limited to everyday rural speech and by the parameters of popular Hispanic culture and beliefs.
CS
Již dlouho předtím, než vědci na konci 19. století tyto lokality popsali, byla přítomnost prehistorických nástěnných jeskynních maleb místním obyvatelům dobře známá. Tito lidé, členové místních komunit bez jakýchkoliv dějepisných či archeologických znalostí, pro ně vytvořili jména, pomocí nichž by mohli tato místa záhadných nálezů lépe popsat a identifikovat. Jazykovědná a kulturní analýza takto vytvořených jmen umožňuje rekonstruovat, jak bylo umění nástěnných jeskyních maleb lidovou tradicí vnímáno a přijímáno, přičemž klade důraz na mechanismy, které byly pro tehdejší mluvčí mimo možnosti objektivního chápání reality, přičemž jazykové kompetence těchto lidí se omezovaly na běžnou lidovou mluvu v rámci hispánských lidových kultur a jejich místních pověr.
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Formální a motivační aspekty moravských a slezských anoikonym obsahujících osobní jméno Jan

80%
Šimečková M.
Acta onomastica
|
2021
|
vol. 62
|
issue 1
130-139
EN
The paper deals with representative aspects of Moravian and Silesian minor place names containing the personal name Jan (English John). In the first part, formal features of the respective anoikonyms are described, i. e. dialectal phonology and morphology. Then the author focuses on historical and local variation (including communication variants), motivation and structure of representative names. Qualitative data analysis showed the most popular motivation was a relation to local persons named Jan associated with the place ‒ property of the named object or a location near this property. Objects have rarely been named by local persons associated with the place, e. g. a forest named by his founder. Sometimes the reason for naming is not known, because there is not a record of the namegiver’s motivation. In terms of structural analysis, two-word (or multiple-word) names predominate, especially the combination of possessive adjectives derivated from the personal name Jan and originally the common name of the object (e. g. vrch ‚hill‘, důl ‚mine‘). Other structural types are less common.
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