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EN
Review: Dorota Filar, Narracyjne aspekty językowego obrazu świata. Interpretacja marzenia we współczesnej polszczyźnie, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 2013, 224 pp.This article is a review of Dorota Filar’s study entitled Narracyjne aspekty językowego obrazu świata. Interpretacja marzenia we współczesnej polszczyźnie (Narrative Aspects of Linguistic Worldview: An Interpretation of marzenie ‘a dream’ in Contemporary Polish), in which she attempts to capture the meaning of a word in “an expanded, dynamic form with a narrative structure”. Her volume includes both general theoretical considerations and results of detailed semantic analyses.Rec.: Dorota Filar, Narracyjne aspekty językowego obrazu świata. Interpretacja marzenia we współczesnej polszczyźnie, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 2013, 224 ss.Artykuł stanowi recenzję monografii będącej próbą ujęcia znaczenia słowa w „rozbudowaną, dynamiczną formę o strukturze narracyjnej”. Praca autorstwa Doroty Filar zawiera zarówno ogólne rozważania teoretyczne, jak i wyniki szczegółowych badań semantycznych.
EN
This article deals with literary testimony as an author’s response to previous objectivation. We can observe objectivation in its delimited form through the act of arrest, as there is a sudden transformation of the subject into the object during this act. Inverse movement occurs in narrative where, through literary means, the narrator is staged as the center of meaning proliferation. Each of the two directions (objectivation and subjectivation) reveals a narrative position (the subject’s deprivation or, conversely, his emancipation), and in these, an inherent asymmetry between the subject and object of the narrative is present. That is, the other side of the emancipating gesture is objectivation. The narrator makes the characters into peripheral beings. This asymmetric situation is analogous to the relationship between the author and the reader. We specify this thesis in the interpretation of Hrabal’s early autobiographical novella Jarmilka. In this prose, Hrabal incorporates seemingly realistic elements, which are persuasive in spite of the fact that reality was the exact opposite of Hrabal’s description of it. Authenticity in literary testimony is thus aroused not by the depiction of reality, but rather, by specific literary devices.
EN
As a possible cross section of cinematic narratology and the theory of intermediality the following essay assesses some of the effects of foregrounding the single, intermedial image within film. Specific figurations of intermediality that are experienced via the consciousness of single images, or some kind of “imageness” (i.e. as “intermedial references”) are presented as well as the modes in which they can interact with the narrative structure of a film. This interaction ranges from a momentary interference with the narrative structure of a film to disrupting it altogether; it may consist in constituting the gravity centre of a plot, or even in becoming the “canvas” for a palimpsest of narrative modes and narratives
EN
François Emmanuel’s novels are divided in two categories: Summer Tales, which are light-hearted and filled with bitter-sweet irony, and Winter Tales, that are more solemn and tragic. We will investigate the diptych formed by Regarde la vague (2007) and Le Sommeil de Grâce (2015), both Winter Tales: the latter is set in the heart of the Winter, though the other is set at the end of a warm Summer. By comparing how each season is described in each novel, and how it affects the narrative settings, we aim to enlighten animportant part of François Emmanuel’s aesthetics.
EN
The purpose of the study is to show narrative (narration) as a category that combines individual elements of knowledge, expressed through language, and, thus, ensures the cohesion of the linguistic and cultural picture of the world. In the light of this concept, the linguistic-cultural picture of the world is understood as a dynamic, multi-layered narrative depending on the accepted points of view, intentions, approaches and methods of conceptualization, categorization and axiologization of reality adopted in this culture. This article deals with the narrative of human life, which creates the expressions in Polish and Russian that contain verbs of movement. The analysis of the chosen phrases allows us to determine how similar life experiences are perceived in both languages, as well as to what extent the cultural conditions and the genetic proximity of both languages have an influence on similarities in the image of human existence.
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EN
The author reflects on historical narrative as a tool, sprung from human ontogenesis, for the foundation of social identity and contemporary as well as historical self-awareness of any human community - a tool useful, but also open to abuse. The author discusses a situation in which the existing narratives are either rejected, without being subject to analytical criticism, or in which civically/societally relevant narratives are absent. A special problem arises as a result of the most current situation in which the "posttruth" narratives politically compete with those which are created by critical historiography.
DE
Die methodologischen Diskussionen im Zuge der "linguistischen Wende" und die vorubergehende Begeisterung fur die Historiographie als "soziale Wissenschaft" haben die traditionelle Grundfigur der historiographischen Arbeit seit der Antike, also die erklarende, argumentative Erzahlung, infrage gestellt. Der Verfasser argumentiert, dass die narrative Form der Erfassung und Erklarung aktueller und desto mehr historischer Situationen eine der menschlichen Gesellschaft inharente erprobte Art des Selbst-Verstehens ist. Die narrative Zusammenfassung der historischen Erfahrung bildet die Basis der historischen Identitat jeder Kommunitat und sie hilft ihr, sowohl ihre Identitat aufzubauen als auch sich mit katastrophenartigen Situationen auseinanderzusetzen. Die grosen "Meistererzahlungen" haben allerdings oft auch negative (nationalistische, aggressive, antiemanzipatorische usw.) Zuge. Wenn diese legitimistischen, imperialen, rassistischen usw. Meistererzahlungen nicht kritisch dekonstruiert, sondern nur negiert bzw. ignoriert werden, mutieren sie zu noch schlimmeren Gebilden. In der heutigen Zeit der medialen "Postwahrheit" entstehen so - spontan oder zweckmasig - den gesellschaftlichen Konsens gefahrdende "Neo-Narrative". Der ausgebliebene kritisch-argumentative Dekonstruktionsprozess beschadigt die Gesellschaft im Grunde ebenso intensiv wie die abgelehnten Narrative selbst. Der Verfasser demonstriert dies am Beispiel der in der offentlichen Diskussion nicht kritisch hinterfragten oder gar uberwundenen Narrative und Paradigmata der kommunistischen Epoche in der Tschechoslowakei. Er schliest seinen Text mit der - sich auf die Konzeption von Konrad H. Jarausch stutzenden - Uberzeugung, dass die fur die Burgergesellschaft einzig produktive Losung darin besteht, die "ausgedienten", in einer offenen Diskussion dekonstruierten Narrative durch eine neue Generation pluraler, interdependenter oder multiperspektivischer, sich konkurrierender, quellenkritisch untermauerter historischer Erzahlungen zu ersetzen.
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Narrativity and Evangelization

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EN
To evangelise is to proclaim Jesus Christ, that is, to tell people the story of the eternal word of the Father, which became flesh and has since permeated the history of humanity. Christians preach the Gospel with the help of stories, because the ultimate word that God addresses to humanity is the story of Jesus, the Son of God. There is great performative power in novels: although they do not demand or command anything, they prompt their addressees to reflect on themselves and their attitudes, and then to open themselves up to the action of God and change their lives. The Good News of salvation in Jesus Christ, told to the world will move its audience when the stories told to people are true and provide a respond to the deepest human need. Evangelisers must tell the story of God's saving God's saving love in a clear and interesting way, respecting human freedom in deciding for or against Christ. for or against Christ. Such a proclamation of the Gospel guarantees that the Christian message will be listened to and accepted by people with all their souls (cf. EN 23).
EN
This paper provides fresh insights about media representations of political debates as highly agonistic environments, and in addition about narratively related (reported) speech as a transformative technique favoured by journalists to report on televised political debates in the next day’s newspaper. In doing so it also demonstrates a method (using the discourse analysis software Prospéro) for detecting and analysing formulaic semantico-discursive phrases that recur in large textual corpuses. Following a theoretical approach rooted in the ideas of polyphony and narrativisation as an act of translation, it describes two formulas with a strong narrative and argumentative dimension, X udělal B, když řekl A (In saying A, X did B) and Jak X řekl, … (As X said, …). I show how both are deployed to support the reporter’s rendition of the debates as ongoing argumentative contests, the first to “uncover” the drama behind what was said, the second to project a mission or scenario “discovered” in the words of an authority. A reporter who uses the phrase In saying A, X did B is performing narrativisation, whereas one who uses the phrase As X said, … is performing critical or apologetic co-narration.
CS
Studie nabízí nový pohled jednak na mediální reprezentaci politické debaty jako prostředí vysoce agonistického, jednak na narativně reprodukovanou řeč jako oblíbenou transformační techniku novinářů píšících o nedělních televizních politických debatách pro pondělní noviny. Zároveň představuje metodu detekce a analýzy sémanticko-diskurzivních řečových formulí ve velkých textových korpusech (pomocí diskurzněanalytického softwaru Prospéro). Studie vychází teoreticky z pojmů vícehlasí a narativizace chápané jako proces překladu, v němž se řečové akty proměňují v narativní fragmenty. Analýza se soustředí na dvě formule se silnou narativní i argumentační dimenzí: ‚X udělal B, když řekl A‘ a ‚Jak X řekl, …‘ Ukazuje, jak jsou obě formule používány, aby podpořily referujícím nabízenou verzi debaty jako pokračující soutěže argumentů: první „odhaluje“ v citovaných slovech dramatičnost, druhá předkládá misi nebo scénář, jež referující v citovaných slovech „objevuje“. Použije-li novinář formuli ‚X udělal B, když řekl A‘, citovanou událost narativizuje, zatímco použije-li formuli ‚Jak X řekl, …‘, účastní se kritické nebo apologetické ko-narace.
FR
Ce texte apporte un nouveau regard à la fois sur les représentations médiatiques des débats politiques vus comme des environnements hautement agonistiques, mais aussi sur le discours dit narrativisé en tant que technique de transformation en faveur chez les journalistes pour relater des débats télévisés dans les quotidiens du lendemain. Ce faisant, il établit également la démonstration d’une méthode (à l’aide du programme Prospéro) pour détecter et analyser des formules sémantico-discursives dans de grands corpus textuels. Partant d’un cadre théorique ancré dans les idées de la polyphonie et de la narrativisation comme acte de traduction, l’article prend deux formules comportant une forte dimension tant narrative que argumentative: ‹ X udělal B , když řekl A › (En disant A, X a fait B) et ‹ Jak X řekl, … › (Comme l’a dit X, …). Je montre comment celles-ci sont déployées pour soutenir des restitutions des débats construites par le journaliste comme des duels argumentatifs, la première afin de « dévoiler » le drame derrière ce qui a été dit, la deuxième afin de projeter une mission ou un scénario « découvert » dans les mots d’une autorité. Si un journaliste qui utilise la tournure ‹ En disant A, X a fait B › effectue une narrativisation, celui qui emploie ‹ Comme l’a dit X, … › réalise une co-narration critique ou apologétique.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje z jednej strony problem odniesienia tekstu literackiego – w tym tekstu lirycznego – do określonych wydarzeń historycznych, związanych w indywidualnym i kolektywnym wymiarze z przymusem i konieczności opuszczenia tzw. małej ojczyzny i procesem kształtowania pamięci indywidualnej i zbiorowej. Kontekst ten pozwala na zadanie pytania dotyczącego roli kategorii czasoprzestrzennej również w tekstach lirycznych – problem prawie całkowicie pomijany w badaniach literaturoznawczych – o silnym zakotwiczeniu regionalnym i osadzeniu w ramach konkretnego momentu historycznego i w sytuacjach związanych z powrotem do miejsc dzieciństwa i młodości. Z drugiej strony artykuł zwraca uwagę na płaszczyznę dyskursu – uwzględniając proponowany przez G. Genetta stosunek Histoire do disours i kategorię tzw. fokalizacji – i proponuje operowanie kategoriami analitycznymi empirycznego i transcendentalnego JA, co pozwoliło na przykładzie tekstów Ernsta Günthera Bleischa na wyszczególnienie charakterystycznych cech specyficznego i subiektywnego odbioru miejsc swego pochodzenia, które stały się miejscami odwiedzin po latach i ważnymi miejscami pamięci indywidualnej i zbiorowej, również w ujęciu kulturowym. W artykule rozważane są też relacje między rzeczywistymi obrazami historycznymi a możliwymi obrazami literackimi. Literatura przedstawia się w takim ujęciu jako medium refleksji, które jest ważne dla bliższego określenia przynależności przestrzenno-duchowo-kulturowej.
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Popkulturní teorie tropu

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EN
The article deals with the current state of narrative and narrativity in the situation of new media. After a short reflection on the transmediality of contemporary narrative (through the concept of media object of Axel Bruns) we comment on the changes of viewership in the „Netflix Era“, and the situation of participatory media. The core of the article describes a wiki website TVTropes and its concept of „trope“. In the TVTropes environment, unaffected by academic literary theory (as far as it seems from the stated sources), a „trope“ stands for a frequently recognized part of a story, and not a figure of speech, and thus is much closer to the object of E. R. Curtius „topology“. In the end, we reflect on the possible consequences or benefits of the conceptual shift described.
EN
The aim of this article is to consider the relation between narrativity of autobiographical text and Kantian concept of transcendental entity. The author claims that the connection between time and identity of the subject, which is fundamental to modern autonarratives, can also function as a theoretical background in non-narrative intimate writing (e.g. an autobiographical essay). Examples of Szymutko’s and Przybylski’s works prove that selfconscious turn towards non-narrative forms of self-expression makes the Kantian concept of ego a negative, but (still) inherent waypoint. Stefan Szymutko’s Nagrobek Ciotki Cili (Aunt Cila’s Gravestone) and Ryszard Przybylski’s Uśmiech Demokryta (Democritus’ Smile) can be therefore described as quasi-autobiographies.
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