Search results - CEJSH

1

James Bond a dylematy tożsamościowe Brytyjczyków – kultura popularna a kształtowanie tożsamości narodowej

100%

Hejwosz-Gromkowska D.

Studia Edukacyjne

|

2020

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issue 58

85-105

EN

The author assumes that popular culture plays a powerful role in the process of socialization of young generation. The author tries to present that the conventional national symbols are being replaced by pop symbols and thus become the sources of national identity. The concepts of banal nationalism put forward by Michael Billig or Tim Enderson’s idea of everyday life’s practices in the development of national identity are being used. In the text, the phenomenon of James Bond is used to analyze the contemporary debates on British identity (Britishness). The author assumes that James Bond is a great example of Englishness that serves as a complex manifestation of a British hero which may, in turn, play a crucial role in political, civic, and patriotic education.

2

Doświadczenia akulturacyjne Polaków mieszkających we Włoszech, w Wielkiej Brytanii oraz Stanach Zjednoczonych

93%

Szczepaniak K.

Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO

|

2013

|

issue 1

67-84

XX

The qualitative study presented here was carried out in 2008 as a graduate diploma thesis in Psychology. It was aimed at examining Poles’ experience of living in the United States of America and two European countries, viz. Italy and the United Kingdom. The data consisted of online interviews with ten Poles: 4 from the US, 3 from Italy, and 3 in the UK. The sample was made up of nine females and one male living in the countries in question between 4 months and 17 years (age range 23–36) who had moved from Poland for reasons other than purely economic and, unlike subjects of similar studies on Polish migrants, were also able to speak the host language fluently. The analysis was carried out by means of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 2003) that allowed to examine the participants’ individual experience of adapting to new social and cultural environments. The results were further analysed and discussed with reference to the relevant literature on the subject of individualistic and collectivist societies (Hofstede, 2001), acculturation (Berry, 2003) and migrants’ identities, as well as earlier studies carried out in the States (Boski, 1992) or in European countries (e.g. Kosic, 2006). The findings were that, regardless of gender and age, the interviewed Poles tended to express respect for the host culture and people and a strong level of identification with Poles in Poland. Despite that strong national identity, however, their level of identification

3

Transformacja tożsamości mniejszości narodowej w warunkach istotnych zmian politycznych na przykładzie Ukraińców Podlasia

93%

Nikitorowicz A.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

|

2016

|

vol. 27 cz. 2

EN

In the article the author is trying to show the process of complicating national structures and the evolution of the national identity on the area of the borderland. These changes are happening in progressing social, cultural and political transformations which touched these areas upon last decades. An Ukrainian minority in podlaskie voivodeship is a subject of these transformations. Within the last decades this population was subject of intense and characteristic identity transformations. It is interesting to trace the evolution of the national identity of Ukrainian minority in podlaskie voivodeship and simultaneously state that this proces still didn’t end. The article is leaning on two rounds of own examinations as well as researches conducted in the past by historians and linguists concerning areas of today’s podlaskie voivodeship.

4

The Polish and Czech national culture on the borderland. Village Jaworzynka and Herczawa in the Silesian Beskidy then and now

93%

Wróblewski P.

Nauka

|

2019

|

issue 3

EN

The research task of the essay is to answer the question of what is the face of the nation in the ethnic enclaves situated at the peripheries of national states. The subject of the analyses is the local population of the village Jaworzynka. In 1922, the settlement Herczawa was founded as a local unit independent from Jaworzynka. Since then Herczawa began to belong to Czechoslovakia. The state-owned status of Jaworzynka, which started to be a part of the Republic of Poland, was recognized after the World War I. The author takes into account the longue durre of folk and national culture generated in the Silesian Beskidy in the second half of the 18th century. The national culture is the main term applied to the investigations of the borderland regions. According to the ethno-symbolic approaches (Anthony D. Smith) and culturalism methods in sociology (Antonina Kłoskowska), the author analyses in his research: 1) language, 2) religion, 3) folkways and mores 4) arts, 5) local knowledge and literature. These elements delineate the sphere of symbolic culture. Based on the common folk culture, two national cultures have been formed nowadays – the Polish and Czech ones. Both Polish and Czech Census Bureau data and objective elements of national culture discussed in the essay indicate the process of national revival. The local people of Jaworzynka identify themselves as Poles and the population of Herczawa define themselves as Czechs. The content and the form of the local culture are visible in Jaworzyna, but they seem to be latent or diminishing in Herczawa.

5

Tożsamość narodowa po tadżycku – odtwarzanie koncepcji narodu i jego historii w przestrzeni publicznej Republiki Tadżykistanu

93%

Niechciał P.

Przegląd Orientalistyczny

|

2016

|

issue 1-2

169-182

EN

The article is focused on the constructing of national identity by the authorities of the Republic of Tajikistan by using such elements located in the public space of Tajik cities as monuments or billboards. Referring to certain values and historic symbols, they serve to build a specific vision of the Tajik nation and its history. For example, one of the key characters of national narration is the Iranian ruler Isma’il Samani (9th/10th century), today promoted as the “father” of the Tajik nation. Of course, some of these concepts appeared as early as the Soviet era or directly after the collapse of the USSR, but now they are of specific nature, connected with the social and political situation of the country. Using Manuel Castells’ terms, the analysed national identity may be referred to as legitimising – serving to consolidate the current power and domination.

6

Tożsamość — klucz, wytrych czy kij? Ukraińskie dyskusje o tożsamości narodowej, kryzysie moralnym i patriotyzmie w latach 1991–2015

93%

Ursulenko A.

Miscellanea Posttotalitariana Wratislaviensia

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2015

|

vol. 3: Elity w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej po roku 1989

109 - 121

EN

The proposed article is devoted to the Ukrainian discourses on social phenomena related to cultural and national identity. The author illustrates the changing meaning of the concept of national identity and analyses the views of Ukrainian scientific and creative elites on the process of identity formation and on the choices Ukrainians have made during the last two decades of independence. The author tries to reconstruct the overall picture of Ukrainian discourses on national identity between 1991 and 2015 by discovering the main themes and rhetorical strategies of expression represented by well-known intellectuals. Moreover, she shows the importance of rethinking the role of elites in overcoming the crisis of national identity and analyses the hazards of nation-centric thinking.

7

Literatura jako narzędzie kreowania zbiorowej wyobraźni. August Šenoa i jego czytelnicy

93%

Kaniecka D.

Pamiętnik Słowiański

|

2010

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vol. 60

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issue 2

7-34

EN

August Šenoa was regarded by literary historians as the creator of the Croatian public readership. This article aims to present some aspects of the relationship between the author and his reader and prove that Šenoa indeed deserved this a name. The key issue is the relation of the content communicated by the author (the question of national identity) and the needs and limitations of the reader of his era. The subject of the analysis is the category of reader developed in the text as compared to the reader who is the real recipient of the author’s texts in the second half of the nineteenth century. The objectives present in Šenoa’s writings point to the fact that through literature he intended to influence the content of the nation's collective memory and thereby shape the extratextual reality. Presented in the article is also the category of the author - the authority of the era - in order to answer the question of the extent to which Šenoa had the chance to influence the readers' tastes and habits.

8

Polish cinema towards independence 1918–2018

93%

Zwierzchowski P.

Nauka

|

2018

|

issue 4

EN

The article presents two dimensions of the relationship between cinema and Polish independence. The first part was devoted to the situation of Polish cinema after 1918. I describe the film market, the political situation, relationship between the state and cinematography, films that were then created and their impact on national identity. Then I focus on films in which independence has become a movie theme. I divide them into three periods: until 1939, the People's Republic of Poland and after 1989. I draw attention to their political and historical contexts, functions and film form, and I discuss the meaning and interpretation of each films.

9

Rasa czarna a tożsamość kubańska

93%

Kaganiec-Kamieńska A.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2017

|

issue 49

395-422

EN

Many historians point to an important role of race in the shaping of the Cuban identity and culture. Taking as a starting point the view that national identity is dynamic and negotiable, i.e. influenced by the elite’s ‘national project’ and negotiated from below, the article focuses on the role of Afro-Cubans in the formation of Cuban identity until 1959, especially on the period 1898-1940. This article looks at the concept of lo cubano as understood by the Cuban elites as well as the way in which Afro-Cubans actively negotiated their place in the Cubansociety.

10

Karta Polaka a tożsamość narodowa. Przykład Polaków w Białorusi

93%

Gieorgica J. P., Bartnicki S.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

|

2014

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vol. 23

111-132

EN

The article presents the results of a research on Polish national identity among people applying for the Polish National Card in Minsk, Belarus. The research project covered 125 persons who between March and the end of July 2013 had completed a course preparing them for an interview with the Consul of the Republic of Poland in order to obtain the Polish National Card. The research was to evaluate the traditional, ethnic criteria of the national bond, which largely overlap with the criteria required to be met by applicants for the Pole’s Card according to the Act on Pole’s Card of 7 September 2007. The results of the research suggest poor internalisation of the criteria of traditional national identity among the respondents.

11

Kníže, apoštolové, abatyše: vztah katolické konfesionální a české národní identity a paměti v podzimních státních svátcích České republiky

93%

Sklenář M.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2018

|

vol. 10

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issue 1

174-196

EN

The article focuses on three public holidays celebrated in the Czech Republic (28 September , 28 October, 17 November ), and shows the relationships between the Catholic confessional identity and memory and the Czech national identity and memory.

12

Vývoj školství ve Slezsku a otázka „slezské identity“

93%

Jirásek Z., Vymětalová K.

Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy

|

2014

|

vol. 17

|

issue 1-2

252-267

EN

The beginnings of higher education Silesians can be dated back to the 13th century, when they traveled for education at the Studium Generale in Paris or Italian universities. After the founding of university in Prague in 1348, their interest turned to Bohemia but the large part of them left the capital of Bohemia in the early 15th century after the publication of the Decree of Kutná Hora. Efforts on the establishment of a separate university in Silesia bind to the city of Wroclaw with the government of the Czech and Hungarian King Vladislaus II. Jagiello, but have never been implemented. After the wars of the Austrian Succession, the Maria Theresia´s efforts to promote Czech schools in the ethnically mixed area of Silesia ran into resistance from the German population. This resistence also was concerned with the opening of Czech secondary schools – grammar schools, as well as discussions on the establishment of a second university in Moravia and Silesia. The first high schools in the Silesian region didn´t begun to emerge until after the second World War in Ostrava. "Classical" university here, however, could be built up first after the Velvet Revolution in November 1989.

13

Romantyzm wciąż aktualny? Szkolny dialog z klasyką

93%

Antuszewicz M.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

|

2018

|

issue 10 Ponowoczesne lekcje polskiego - rozpoznania i propozycje

41-54

EN

I argue for amazing values of the tradition of romanticism. I pay attention to connections between this tradition and the present. I write about necessary changes in reading romantic literature at school. In my point of view the most important is not to talk only about national values. It is really necessary in Poland. We must not continue to think that patriotism means only fighting with other people. Forming students’ national identity is one of the main duties at school but the romantic way of understanding patriotism has to be changed. It is very dangerous in our century. Many researchers also write about it. It is a very important problem of literary studies. I also present suggestions to work with Reduta Ordona in primary school and in junior high school. There are different ideas presented in methodical literature as well as my own suggestions.

14

The Role of EU Law and Christian Values in Preserving National Identity in the Context of Globalisation

93%

Pukenis R.

Baltic Journal of Law & Politics

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2009

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vol. 2

|

issue 1

35-57

EN

The aim of this article is to analyse how in the globalisation process small nations appear in danger of disappearing. Can law protect national identity when the state is in the European Union?Globalisation together with the economic interests of states touches other spheres of society: national internal policy, education, mass media, the policy of family, migration. The birth rate in families in such big nations as Germany, France, and Italy is small. If numerous Italians, French, Polish, and Russians are worried about the constantly decreasing number of their inhabitants, no doubt that small nations are in danger of assimilation.The European Union is an unprecedented formation of law: states retain their independence and at the same time people by their free will limit the sovereignty of a state. The 57th Article of the EU Constitution clearly states that "the Law of the Union is higher than the national [law]." It is as if the European States are united in the form of a federation, though the concept of a federation state cannot be applied strictly. The first condition for each new candidate state is to be a democratic and law-based state. The law-based state means legal elections, authorities elected by the people, separation of three state functions (legislative, executive and judicial), respect for human rights, protection of the rights of national and religious minorities. Good relations with neighbours are always appreciated. The new EU constitution contains 400 pages. The Constitutional Agreement or EU Constitution was approved by the Council of the European Union in June of 2004. Each state ratifies the Agreement. Some EU countries plan the referendums. The Parliament of Lithuania refused the referendum. It was planned that the Agreement will come into force in 2009. The Constitution of the EU requires that the National Governments of Member States will not interfere in implementing the aims of the Union. The 58th Article deals with loyalty to the Union. The institutions established by the EU work with human points of view and have a society model which is supported by the majority of the citizens.In this article an attempt will also be made to evaluate the role of Christianity and its values for the legal system of the EU as well as for preserving national identity.

15

MENTAL PERSPECTIVE IN GROUP NARRATIVE

93%

Vincze O., László J.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2010

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vol. 65

|

issue 4

571-595

EN

Group narratives transmit the knowledge of group history. In addition to their role in mediating facts about the history of a nation, they also define ways of thinking about events through the way they represent these events. Mental states appearing in narratives are subtle means of mediating group identity. In our study, we analysed the identity-construction and identity-transmitting function of narrative perspective in history textbooks published between 1900 and 2007. Distribution of linguistic mental states between groups was studied in two historical events (Absolutism, Trianon Peace Treaty). Our results were also studied in terms of historical canons known in history science and myths.

16

What future for Belarus? An analysis of identity issues

93%

Radzik R.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2013

|

issue 42

7-34

EN

The present article discusses various types of Belarusian collective identity and analyses their potential to make Belarus an empowered, fully independent, democratic and economically efficient society, nation and state with a stable position on the political map of Europe. The study is based mainly on sociological surveys collected by IISEPS, an independent Belarusian research institute. These data reveal weak points of Belarusian national identity (including a low level of historical awareness), a residue of the Soviet system of values and attitudes, as well as a considerable degree of Russification of the society. Although Belarusians have become used to having their own state (which, however, they treat mainly in terms of a nationwide welfare institution), they have retained a strong sense of local and regional identity. Social attitudes, both on an individual and community level, are clearly dominated by economic rather than ideological motivation. Eastern, pro-Russian orientation is far more widespread than pro-European attitudes, especially when more than only verbal support is involved. The text also points out symptoms of consolidating Belarusian collective identity, even if its post-Soviet/West Russian pattern still prevails over pro-European and pro-national orientation of the occidental type. Belarusian society is specific, which makes it difficult to analyze in terms of standard categories. The article demonstrates why identity issues limit the potential for any rapid significant political change in Belarusian society.

17

Kształtowanie się idei narodu na ziemiach słoweńskich – zarys wybranych problemów

93%

Kubik D.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2017

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vol. 17

EN

The formation of the idea of the nation in the Slovene lands – an outline of selected problemsThe paper summarises the most significant phases of formation of the Slovenian nation from the sixteenth century to the present. Special attention is paid to the analysis of historical sources and selected scientific studies. Kształtowanie się idei narodu na ziemiach słoweńskich – zarys wybranych problemów Artykuł podsumowuje najistotniejsze etapy kształtowania się narodu słoweńskiego począwszy od XVI wieku aż do czasów współczesnych. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono analizie źródeł historycznych i wybranych studiów naukowych.

18

Teoretyczne i praktyczne kłopoty z tożsamością narodową

93%

Dziemidok B.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2012

|

issue 41

23-51

XX

National identity is one of the basic and most stable forms of collective identity. For many people it is a core value because it fulfills three important needs of man: the need to belong (rootedness), the need of axiological orientation and the need of respect due to any member of a respected community such as a nation. Two troubles are connected with national identity in present times. First, a strong sense of national identity can lead to ethno-nationalism, xenophobia and conflicts among nations. On the other hand, we are living in an epoch of globalization and international integration, which - in the opinion of many authors - endangers national identity and in effect may cause its loss and replacement with a cosmopolitan identity. The author undermines such views. He believes that strong national identity does not necessarily cause aggressive nationalism and xenophobia. Moreover, he does not agree with the view that globalization processes and integration tendencies will soon change national identity into cosmopolitan identity.

19

The problem of divided ethnonational groups in contemporary Russia and Poland

93%

Barash R.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2012

|

issue 40

57-61

XX

Both Russia and Poland – to varying degrees – tend to maintain ties with “compatriots” living abroad, but these two groups are distinct in their essence. Poles living outside Poland can be rather qualified as part/parts of divided people, whereas Russian-backed compatriots form a divided nation, and moreover, form not a divided nation of the Russian Federation, but a post-Soviet one. The Government of the Russian Federation used to claim maintaining ties with “Russian compatriots” living abroad. The theme of rights of Russians living abroad is among the most popular ones in Russian media. The groups of Russian-speaking, who live in the former Soviet republics, have often been subjects or objects of conflict situations in the last 20 years because of their desire to live in accordance with their identity. But the essence of this group of so-called Russians, living on the post-Soviet sphere, is very complex. Russian-backed compatriots form not a divided people – in an ethnic sense – but a divided nation (a cultural or historical, non-ethnic group). And moreover, such groups form not a divided nation of Russian Federation, but a post-Soviet divided nation.

20

What future for Belarus? An analysis of identity issues

93%

Radzik R.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2013

|

issue 42

EN

What future for Belarus? An analysis of identity issuesThe present article discusses various types of Belarusian collective identity and analyses their potential to make Belarus an empowered, fully independent, democratic and economically efficient society, nation and state with a stable position on the political map of Europe. The study is based mainly on sociological surveys collected by IISEPS, an independent Belarusian research institute. These data reveal weak points of Belarusian national identity (including a low level of historical awareness), a residue of the Soviet system of values and attitudes, as well as a considerable degree of Russification of the society. Although Belarusians have become used to having their own state (which, however, they treat mainly in terms of a nationwide welfare institution), they have retained a strong sense of local and regional identity. Social attitudes, both on an individual and community level, are clearly dominated by economic rather than ideological motivation. Eastern, pro-Russian orientation is far more widespread than pro-European attitudes, especially when more than only verbal support is involved. The text also points out symptoms of consolidating Belarusian collective identity, even if its post-Soviet/West Russian pattern still prevails over pro-European and pro-national orientation of the occidental type. Belarusian society is specific, which makes it difficult to analyze in terms of standard categories. The article demonstrates why identity issues limit the potential for any rapid significant political change in Belarusian society. Jaka jest przyszłość Białorusi? Analiza kwestii tożsamościowychArtykuł wskazuje na związki istniejące między różnymi orientacjami tożsamościowymi Białorusinów a możliwością ich trwałego zaistnienia na politycznej mapie Europy jako społeczeństwa, narodu i państwa w pełni upodmiotowionego, niepodległego, demokratycznego i sprawnego gospodarczo. W znacznym stopniu jest oparty na danych socjologicznych uzyskanych przez białoruski niezależny instytut badawczy NISEPI. Dane te obrazują słabości białoruskiej tożsamości narodowej (w tym świadomości historycznej), wyraźne pozostałości sowieckiego systemu wartości i postaw oraz duży stopień rusyfikacji społeczeństwa, także odczuwalnie już zaistniałą przywykłość do posiadania własnego państwa (traktowanego jednak przede wszystkim socjalnie) przy jednoczesnym trwaniu silnych lokalizmów i regionalizmów. W dalszym ciągu postawy promaterialne wyraźnie dominują nad proideowymi nie tylko na poziomie odniesień jednostkowych, ale i zbiorowych, a orientacja na Wschód (Rosję) zdecydowanie przeważa nad postawami proeuropejskimi, zwłaszcza jeśli wykraczają one poza werbalne formy ekspresji. W tekście przedstawione są także argumenty świadczące o wzmacnianiu się białoruskiej wspólnotowości, aczkolwiek orientacja postsowiecko-zapadnoruska wciąż przeważa nad proeuropejską orientacją narodową typu okcydentalnego. Społeczeństwo białoruskie wyróżnia się swą specyfiką, niełatwą do opisu w kategoriach, do których przywykliśmy. Artykuł pokazuje tożsamościowe ograniczenia możliwości zaistnienia istotnych, szybkich i głębokich zmian politycznych w społeczeństwie białoruskim.

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