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O historii leków naturalnych na łamach „Kroniki Farmaceutycznej” w okresie dwudziestolecia międzywojennego (1919–1939)

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Ślusarczyk W.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2018
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vol. 63
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issue 1
39–63
EN
In the years 1919‒1939, „Kronika Farmaceutyczna” was the press organ of the Trade Union of Pharmaceutical Employees of the Republic of Poland. The magazine was filled with articles devoted to defence of pharmacists’ rights but the aim of its editors was also to publish scientific and popular content, in which a prominent place was occupied by articles on the history of natural medicines. This work attempts to analyse the forms and content of that kind of articles: describe how the subject of old medicines was written about, what types of medicines were discussed, and also who and why wrote about them. Articles devoted to the history of natural medicines can be divided in four categories: scientific and popular articles dedicated to current pharmaceutical issues and preceded by historical introductions; scientific and popular articles on history; summaries from foreign pharmaceutical magazines and news from the world covering pharmaceutical problems of the time, accompanied by historical introductions, as well as summaries from foreign pharmaceutical magazines and historical news from the world. According to our research, the majority of analysed articles belonged to the first category. Articles concerning the past of natural medicines appeared throughout the interwar period and became a permanent element of “Kronika Farmaceutyczna”. They focused on plant drugs, less often on zoonotic and mineral ones. Majority of texts were writ¬ten according to a pattern based on chronological narration. Historical content was supple¬mented with ancient mythology information and folk medicine. Abundance of information obtained from contemporary literature dealing with this subject and from the sources proves that authors were undoubtedly erudite people. They committed some mistakes from time to time, though. Their errors, as well as uncomplicated, chronological system of narration were the results of the fact that they were not professional historians but pharmacists. Their interest in the past of natural medicines was to a large extent the outcome of general tendencies predominant in the Polish pharmaceutical milieu at that time. Analysed publications were therefore written by pharmacists and for pharmacists. Their purpose, aside from satisfying readers’ curiosity, was to deepen professional knowledge through enabling the perception of current pharmaceutical problems from the larger, historical perspective.
2
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Zastosowanie lecznicze i kosmetyczne wody różanej według dziewiętnastowiecznej literatury farmaceutycznej oraz medycznej

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Koniewicz K.
Opuscula Musealia
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2021
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vol. 28
7-21
EN
Floral water, also called hydrolate, is a secondary product of the distillation process of aromatic plants. In the Middle Ages, rose hydrolate, according to medical advice of the time, protected against plague spread by ‘miasma’. In nineteenth-century medical and cosmetic applications, rose water was often used as an aromatic and soothing ingredient, forming a base while giving the product the right consistency. It was also the main ingredient in eye medications (in Latin: Collyrium), anti-inflammatory ointments and cosmetic products, including perfumes, aromatic waters, nourishing creams, lubricating pomades and numerous fragrances. In the 19th century medical and pharmaceutical literature, rose water was seen as a mainly aromatic substance which added a pleasant fragrance to medicines and cosmetics. The aim of this article is to compare the recipes for medicines and cosmetics containing rose water from 19th-century apothecary’s manuscripts in the library of the Pharmacy Museum of the Jagiellonian University Medical College with the medical and pharmaceutical literature of the period.
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„Uniwersytet zdrowia” w Kosowie. O działalności Apolinarego Tarnawskiego

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Jarząbek-Wasyl D.
Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe
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2015
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issue 1
81-95
UK
У статті йдеться про доктора Аполінарія Тарнавського (1851-1943), польського піонера природолікування, засновника та багатолітнього керівника так званої „Лічниці" (Zakład Zdrowia) у серці Карпат. Принципи природолікуваних методів (повітряні, водяні та сонячні ванни, дієта і фізичні вправи) були пов'язані з домінуючими тенденціями у санаторіях 3ахідної європи, проте, завдяки винахідливісті лікаря-візіонера у Косові, вони використовували авторської програми власника закладу, який вважав голод та працю найкращими медикаментами. Таким чином лікар із Косова випередив своїх сучасників на багато років та мав чималий вплив на суспільне життя Польщі у міжвоєнному періоді. Косівська „Лічниця" відіграла помітну роль серед польської інтелігенцї, адже пацієнтами клініки були представники відомих польських родин. Окрім того, її історія повязана зі спільним, польсько-українським, минулим Косівщини. Адже саме тут пропагувався здоровий спосіб життя задовго до европейської моди.
EN
The article is devoted to dr Apolinary Tarnawski (1851-1943), Polish pioneer of natural medicine, the founder and for fifty years the manager of the sanatorium in Kosów (near Kolomyia). His methods of therapy (with air, sun, water baths, diet and exercise) were derived from tendencies of European spa system of the time. Tarnawski developed what he learnt abroad, equipping Kosów establishment with some original technical devices. He also introduced a specific ethical approach to the medical treatment. Tarnawski influenced the social life of reborn Poland and his sanatorium had a strong impact on Polish intelligentsia. At the same time it was deeply rooted in the local Polish and Ukrainian traditions of living close to nature.
4
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Medycyna naturalna a Kościół katolicki – wątpliwości i uwagi o charakterze biopolitycznym

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Rezmer-Płotka K.
Studia Orientalne
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2021
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issue 2(20)
157-165
RU
В настоящее время на Западе наблюдается явный рост интереса к восточным практикам, в том числе к натуральной медицине. В этом контексте примечательно, что в 1979 году Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ) признала Аюрведу старейшей системой здравоохранения. Аюрведа также стала объектом интереса католической церкви. В статье предпринята попытка изучить отношение этого института к Аюрведе и определить характер возникающих сомнений и оговорок. С этой целью был проведен анализ документа Папского совета по культуре – Папского совета по межрелигиозному диалогу Иисус Христос, Податель воды жизни. Христианские размышления о Новой Эре. Затем в качестве вспомогательной части анализа были включены высказывания избранных представителей Католической церкви. Подтверждена также следующая гипотеза: сомнения и оговорки католической церкви по отношению к Аюрведе носят биополитический характер. На основании анализа документа можно сделать вывод, что католическая церковь трактует и интерпретирует действия, предпринимаемые в рамках Аюрведы, как биополитические практики.
EN
Currently, we observe a significant increase in interest in Eastern practices in the West, including natural medicine. In this context, it is important that in 1979 the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized Ayurveda as the oldest health-care system. Ayurveda has also become an object of interest of the Catholic Church. The article examines the institutions’ attitude toward Ayurveda and determines the nature of doubts and reservations that arise around it. To this end, an analysis of the document of the Pontifical Council of Culture – The Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue Jesus Christ the Giver of the Water of Life. Christian reflection on the New Age was carried out. Subsequently, the statements of selected representatives of the Catholic Church were included in the analysis. The following hypothesis has been verified: the Catholic Church’s doubts and objections to Ayurveda are of biopolitical nature. Based on the analysis of the document, it can be concluded that Catholic Church treats and interprets Ayurveda activities as biopolitical practices.
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