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Język Polski
|
2020
|
vol. 100
|
issue 4
68-83
PL
W artykule przedstawiono występowanie w polszczyźnie ogólnej, dawnej i współczesnej, oraz w gwarach polskich zapożyczenia szlag/szlak ‘apopleksja, paraliż’. Przekleństwa z tym komponentem zostały zaprezentowane w podziale uwzględniającym schemat składniowy realizowany przez dany frazeologizm. Zwrócono uwagę na wariantywność części przekleństw w stosunku do związków z komponentem ‘diabeł’, a w odniesieniu do frazeologizmów odnotowanych w gwarach warmińskich i mazurskich rozważono możliwość ich alternatywnej interpretacji jako związków, w których omawiany leksem występuje nie jako nazwa choroby, lecz wyraz o znaczeniu ‘piorun’.
EN
In the article the occurrence of the borrowing szlag / szlak ‘apoplexy, paralysis’ in General (Old and Modern) Polish as well as in Polish dialects has been presented. Expletives including this component have been depicted adopting a division that incorporates a syntactic scheme represented by a given phraseme. The variant character of a part of the expletives in relation to the compounds with the component ‘devil’ has been pointed out while regarding the phrasemes noted in the Warmian and Masurian dialects the possibility of interpreting them alternatively has been considered, i.e. as compounds in which the lexeme described is not a name of a disease but as a word meaning ‘thunderbolt’.
Polonica
|
2016
|
vol. 36
259-274
EN
Folk medicine, studied by ethnographers since the nineteenth century, is a part of folk culture and can only be investigated in its context. The article aims to depict how the presence of ethnomedicine is reflected in language on the level of the lexical system, and specifically in the dialect names of diseases. The author focused on just one group of names influenced by cultural factors, i.e. names determined by folk etiological beliefs. This category of names was discussed using the following examples: miesięcznik – the name of a children’s disease, boża kara, boża wola ‘epilepsy’, poszedło – a Kashubian name of epidemic infectious diseases, names connected morphologically with the verb strzelać, wąsak and related forms meaning ‘pain in the lower back’.
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