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Negative affect and life satisfaction in the context of subjective poverty, objective poverty and selected sociodemographic variables

100%
Babjáková J.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2019
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vol. 63
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issue Supplement_1
15-26
EN
Objectives. The aim of this study was to identify the differences in negative affect and life satisfaction in the context of subjective poverty, objective poverty, marital status, economic activity and gender. In particular, the significance of poverty variables. Participants and settings. The research sample consisted of 499 Slovak respondents (249 women; 250 men, average age M = 39.60, SD = = 11.47). Data were collected using the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Negative Affect Scale from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The subjective assessment of poverty was measured by the question “In your economic situation, is it possible to make ends meet?” and objective poverty by “What is your monthly income after taxes?” Hypotheses. It was hypothesized the main effects of objective poverty and subjective poverty on negative affect and life satisfaction and interaction effects of objective poverty and subjective poverty with other selected independent variables (marital status, economic activity, gender) on negative affect and life satisfaction. Statistical analysis. MANOVA was used for the statistical analysis. Results. The results confirm the main effect of subjective poverty in life satisfaction and negative affect. In terms of life satisfaction, interactions between gender and objective poverty, gender and subjective poverty as well as between gender, marital status and economic activity were found. With regards to negative affect, the study found interactions between gender and objective poverty as well as between objective poverty and subjective poverty. Study limitations. The limitation of this study is the failure to include certain variables into the analysis such as the size of residence by population, regions according to the unemployment rate or gender roles.
SK
Cieľ. Cieľom príspevku je identifikovať rozdiely v prežívaní negatívneho afektu a životnej spokojnosti v kontexte subjektívnej chudoby, objektívnej chudoby, manželského stavu, ekonomickej aktivity a rodu. Bola sledovaná najmä významnosť premenných chudoby. Výskumný súbor a nástroje. Výskumný súbor pozostával zo 499 slovenských respondentov (249 žien; 250 mužov, priemerný vek M = 39.60, SD = 11.47). Testovú batériu tvorila Škála spokojnosti so životom a Škála negatívneho afektu z Dotazníka pozitívneho a negatívneho afektu (PANAS). Subjektívne hodnotenie chudoby bolo merané otázkou: „Dá sa vo Vašej ekonomickej situácii vystačiť s tým, čo máte?“ a objektívna chudoba pomocou otázky: „Aký je Váš čistý mesačný príjem (myslí sa príjem po zdanení)?“ Hypotézy. Boli predpokladané hlavné efekty objektívnej chudoby a subjektívnej chudoby na prežívanie negatívneho afektu a životnej spokojnosti a interakčné efekty objektívnej chudoby a subjektívnej chudoby s inými vybranými nezávislými premennými (manželský stav, ekonomická aktivita, rod) na prežívanie negatívneho afektu a životnej spokojnosti. Štatistická analýza. Na štatistickú analýzu bola použitá MANOVA. Výsledky. Výsledky potvrdili hlavný efekt subjektívnej chudoby pri životnej spokojnosti a negatívnom afekte. Z hľadiska životnej spokojnosti bola zistená interakcia rodu a objektívnej chudoby, rodu a subjektívnej chudoby a tiež rodu, manželského stavu a ekonomickej aktivity. V rámci negatívneho afektu boli v štúdii zistené interakcie rodu a objektívnej chudoby, ako aj objektívnej chudoby a subjektívnej chudoby. Obmedzenia štúdie. Obmedzením štúdie je nezahrnutie niektorých premenných do analýzy, ako veľkosť bydliska podľa počtu obyvateľov, kraje podľa miery nezamestnanosti či rodové roly.
2
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Variability of the Relationship Between Mood and Social Zeitgeber

100%
Wilczyńska A.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Psychologica
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2013
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vol. 6
42-57
EN
Regularity in the emotional functioning of a human in specific time can be determined by cycles characterised by and social changes. The objective of the research was to establish whether the population subjected to the research-related tests experienced daily and weekly mood variability and, if this relation has been confirmed, describe the latter. Mood was tested by means of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988). Subjects judged their mood by means of two indicators (PA and NA) for one week, on a daily basis, and at 3-hour intervals. Daily and weekly variability was assessed by comparing averaged results obtained from all measurements carried out at specific times of the day and days of the week. The assessment of internal group differences was performed with repeated measures analysis of variance. The result obtained in the tests indicated the existence of daily differences of positive affect as well as weekly differences in relation to positive and negative affect.
3
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Płeć psychologiczna a gotowość do agresji interpersonalnej u kobiet i mężczyzn

88%
Basińska B. A.
Polskie Forum Psychologiczne
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2013
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vol. 18
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issue 1
81-92
EN
Psychosocial threats at work are one of the big challenges for the management of occupational health (WHO, 2008). The aim of this study was to assess the emotional balance and positivity ratio in the work of uniformed officers and identify differences between these formations. The study involved 218 policemen, firemen and probation personnel. Work-related Affective Well-being Scale was used (Van Katwyk, et al., 2000). Eustress and distress in the work context were relatively independent. Emotions of the opposite sign and low activity were moderately correlated. The officers usually experienced positive work-related emotional balance, with a predominance positive emotions of low activity. The positive ratio was low and reached 1,13. Positive affect was usually present in the work of firemen, while negative affect were often present in the work of policemen. It is probably due to different organization of working time and the emotional dissonance in the professional interpersonal relationships context.
4
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Affective Structures among Students and Their Relationship with Academic Burnout

88%
Pourghaz A., Marziyeh A., Bikar S.
The New Educational Review
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2017
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vol. 50
47-55
EN
The presented study aimed to determine the relationship between affective structures and academic burnout among male and female third grade high school students in Zahedan in the 2016/2017 school year. The descriptive-correlational study had a sample including 362 students selected with the use of a multistage cluster sampling method. To collect data, the Academic Burnout Questionnaire (Berso et al., 1997) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988) were used. Results of the present study indicated that positive affect was significantly and diversely related to the subscales of academic burnout (academic fatigue, academic apathy, and academic inefficiency). Moreover, negative affect was significantly and directly related to all the subscales of academic burnout. Results of an independent t-test demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the male and female students with regard to positive and negative affects. However, academic burnout was higher among the male students compared to their female counterparts. Furthermore, results of a stepwise regression analysis showed that in the first step, positive affect alone predicted 22% of the variance in academic burnout and in the second step, negative affect increased the power of predicting academic burnout to 28%. Given the predictive power of affect, it can be effectively applied to prevent academic burnout.
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