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EN
The indisputable uniqueness of the US’s political system is also reflected in its party system. The exceptional nature of some elements that characterize the most important US political par- ties can be illustrated by presenting the evolution of what is called neoconservative thought. Neoconservative roots reach back to the Democratic Party, yet the implementation of their most important assumptions, in particular in the field of international policy, is strictly related to their changeover to the Republican side. The objective of this paper is therefore to indicate the transi- tion that took place in the US political stage, mainly in the period of the Ronald Reagan adminis- tration, and to determine the modern position of neoconservatism, in particular in the context of the weakened Republican position following the election success of Barack Obama.
PL
Michael Novak, amerykański komunitarysta i neokonserwatysta, przedstawia koncepcję chrześcijańskiego liberalizmu, którego wyrazem jest religijna argumentacja na rzecz systemu społecznego nazywanego demokratycznym kapitalizmem. Novak zmierza tym samym do umocnienia publicznego działania religii. Poglądy amerykańskiego katolickiego intelektualisty zostały poddane analizie w świetle dwóch socjologicznych teorii: prywatyzacji religii wedle Niklasa Luhmanna oraz funkcji i działania w ramach religijnej opcji liberalnej i konserwatywnej wedle ujęcia Petera Beyera. W efekcie przeprowadzonej analizy okazuje się, że stanowisko Novaka należy zakwalikować jako dość fundamentalistyczną religijną opcję konserwatywną, a jego idee religijne stanowią nieudaną próbę legitymizacji demokratycznego kapitalizmu.
EN
Michael Novak, an American communitarian and neoconservative thinker, proposes his vision of a Christian liberalism, which points out some religious background to the social system of democratic capitalism. Consequently, Novak tries to strengthen social importance of religion and to widespread its public performance. In the view of such a proposal the author of the article analyses the Novak’s position from a sociological perspective. This approach is based thus on two sociological concepts: rstly, on the Niklas Luhmann’s analysis for privatisation of religion; secondly, on private function and public performance of religion in the context of both religious options – liberal and conservative, according to Peter Beyer. In result the study nds out that Novak is, despite of his liberal inclinations, a proponent of at least partially fundamentalist conservative religious option. Furthermore, his trial to legitimise, on the Christian and moral ground, the system of democratic capitalism is rather futile.
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