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The Vienna Circle and the Uppsala School as philosophical inspirations for the Scandinavian Legal Realism

100%
Eliasz K., Jakubiec M.
Semina Scientiarum
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2016
|
vol. 15
EN
The Uppsala School in philosophy and the Vienna Circle are prima facie similar currents in contemporary philosophy. Both reject metaphysics, claim that reality is a spatio­‑temporal realm and adhere to noncognitivism in terms of values. However, justifications of these assumptions are quite different. In the following article we reconstruct main theses of both mentioned currents and then we indicate their impact on one of the major jurisprudential movements, namely Scandinavian Legal Realism. We focus on Alf Ross’ legal philosophy, as it was an attempt to accommodate both: the philosophy of the Uppsala School and of the Vienna Circle (while other Scandinavian realists referred exclusively to Uppsala philosophy). We trace those two sources of inspiration in Ross’ theory of legal validity and of legal concepts.
2
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Przyczynowość w nauce o stosunkach międzynarodowych

70%
Gałganek A.
Przegląd Politologiczny
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2016
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issue 4
37-58
EN
The aim of the article is an introduction to the understanding of causality in the International Relations. Different conceptualizations of causality determine different approaches to research and knowledge. The article discusses four different ways of understanding the causality inspired by certain philosophies of science: neo-positivism, critical realism, reflectivism and pragmatism. Author selected the philosophies of science that created categories to be helpful to explain and discuss issue relevant to the study of international relations and are present in the works of scholars of International Relations. Consciousness of the importance of the problem causality and the different ways of understanding its can serve as an inspiration for polish researchers of international relations.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia konceptualizacje przyczynowości w nauce o stosunkach międzynarodowych. Autor objaśnia jak różne sposoby rozumienia przyczynowości decydują o odmiennym podejściu do prowadzenia badań i wiedzy. W artykule omówiono sposoby rozumienia przyczynowości inspirowane wybranymi filozofiami nauki: neopozytywizmem, krytycznym realizmem, refleksywizmem i pragmatyzmem. Wybrano filozofie, które wytworzyły kategorie pomocne do objaśnienia dyskusji i problemów istotnych dla nauki o stosunkach międzynarodowych i są obecne w pracach badaczy stosunków międzynarodowych, a także w istotny sposób różnią się między sobą. Świadomość znaczenia problemu przyczynowości i odmiennych sposobów jej rozumienia może stanowić wskazówkę dla polskich badaczy stosunków międzynarodowych.
3
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Tropy akowskie w poezji Jerzego Ficowskiego

62%
Kandziora J.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
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2012
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issue 20
251-270
EN
The article presents the evolution of the theme of Armia Krajowa (Home Army) and the Warsaw Uprising, in Ficowski’s poetry. The theme, engaged by the poet in the late 1940s (Ołowiani żołnierze, 1948), was quickly abandoned as incompatible with the imaginary, magical direction in the development of young Ficowski’s poetry. Neither was the theme fostered by the general political background of the “dead season” of Communist Poland, by censorship, and by Ficowski’s fear of settling for the post-Romantic stereotype and patriotic myth-making. The theme returned in the 1970s (Gryps, 1979; Errata, 1981), which was related to Ficowski’s decision to liberate himself from self-censorship, and his readiness to express the once repressed content in his own, mature poetic idiom. The present study presents two aspects of historical narration in the Home-Army poems from the 1970s: the fabulous quality, which positions history in Ficowski’s private topics and intimate memory, and the scientific, naturalistic quality, which relates history to physical and cosmic categories. Both aspects redeem the poetry from the narrow specificity of Polish national myth, and make it possible to reconcile individual truth of the experience of death and suffering with the discourse of concepts and historiosophy, which also touches upon the cosmic order.
4
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Roman Ingarden on analytic philosophy

57%
Szubka T., Szubka T.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
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2020
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issue 4
5
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Epistemologia stosowania prawa a zasada demokratycznego państwa prawnego

57%
Raburski T.
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
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2022
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issue 4(33)
39-51
EN
The paper analyses the institutional epistemology of the process of application of law in Poland. The concept of institutional epistemology is understood as a set of features, epistemic aims, values, and practices, which are intrinsic to the institutional structures. Two aspects of such an institutional epistemology are covered: the positivistic model of cognition and the concept of truth embedded in the judicial practices and legal norms. The philosophical and historical origins of these features are outlined. It is argued that they should be considered relics of previous socio-political system and obsolete philosophies of science, and, in consequence, they do not meet the standards of the constitutional principle of the democratic rule-of-law state (Polish demokratyczne państwo prawne). Evolution towards more deliberative forms of institutional epistemology is advocated.
PL
Artykuł analizuje epistemologię instytucjonalną procesu stosowania prawa w Polsce. Jest ona rozumiana jako zestaw cech, celów poznawczych, wartości, praktyk wpisanych w strukturę instytucjonalną. Analizowane są dwie podstawowe cechy tej epistemologii: pozytywistyczny model poznania oraz koncepcja prawdy. W artykule wskazuję jak te cechy zostały ukształtowane i dlaczego współcześnie należy uznać je za ograniczające. Argumentuję, że legitymacja procesów decyzyjnych opierających się na tych założeniach jest z punktu widzenia zasady demokratycznego państwa prawnego niezadowalająca, i dlatego cechy te powinny ewoluować w kierunku deliberatywnym.
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