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The Albanian legal framework on non-discrimination and gender equality in employment relationships

100%
Rusi I.
Academicus. International Scientific Journal
|
2012
|
issue 05
131-142
EN
Discrimination and gender inequality in employment relationships are present in every society, at any time and whatever their victim is. With the development of society, despite the measures taken to prevent discrimination, this phenomenon continues to be present and appears in different forms. In a society with economic civilization and culture development, people cannot explain why do such phenomena that become an obstacle to the realization of a right as the right to employment exist, when it is sanctioned and guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, in international conventions ratified by our country, in the Labor Code and particular laws, such as the “Gender Equality law”. Discrimination in employment relationships and in the workplace continues to appear in its traditional format based on gender, race, ethnic origin, religion, age but also in new forms based on disability, sexual orientation, genetics and lifestyle. Despite all efforts to prevent discrimination, this phenomenon has always been a threat to all individuals seeking to enter into an employment relationship. We all have the right to work, to be treated equally during a competition for a particular job, to get a fair wage, to be paid equally with others for the same job, to get promotion, to be safety in work, to get vocational training and retraining benefits without being discriminated of race, religion, age, gender, political belief, sexual orientation, etc. However, the first opportunity for discrimination is encountered from the moment when hiring an individual. But, despite the momentum when we are faced with discrimination or one of its kind, there should be placed great attention by the State through the relevant authorities and by the society itself by denouncing it. We shouldn’t be subject of violation of the right to employment and equal treatment in employment relations. Not without reason the two principles: the principle of prohibition of discrimination and gender equality are two principles enshrined in international conventions, giving it a great importance. In this paper there is addressed the Albanian legal framework that sanctioned and guaranteed the principles of prohibition of discrimination and gender equality, as the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, the Labor Code, the law on “Gender Equality in Albania”, as well as institutional mechanisms to ensure gender equality in Albania.
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Uregulowania prawne dotyczące mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych we współczesnej Polsce

86%
Baranowska G.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2013
|
issue 3(348)
31-45
EN
In Poland national and ethnic minorities are protected by law and enjoy numerous rights especially in the sphere of language, education and culture. The basic document that regulates the status of minorities and grants them their respective rights is the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Language, which endorses the constitutional principle of nondiscrimination on grounds of belonging to a national or ethnic minority and grants the minorities rights connected with education, culture and the use of language. The object of the article is to present the legal regulations pertaining to the protection of national and ethnic minorities, and to highlight some problem areas. Considerations include the definition of national and ethnic minority, the principle of equality before the law, rights connected with education, culture and language as well as privileges concerning election law.
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