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EN
The outstanding Belarusian poet, novelist and playwright, Uladzimir Karatkiewicz (1930-1984) was a great enthusiast of Polish history, culture and literature. Proposed for readers’ consideration is the article, which includes confessions of this Belarusian artist that he shared with me during the many meetings in Belarus and Poland. The Belarusian writer placed Polish and Belarusian realities side by side with enormous openness and honesty. Karatkiewicz did not hide his recognition, and even admiration of attitude, of such Polish folklorists as Jan Czeczot, Jan Barszczewski, Aleksander Rypiński, Oskar Kolberg, Kazimierz Moszyński, Zygmunt Gloger, Czeslaw Pietkiewicz and Michal Federowski, who devoted many years of their lives to the collection and analysis of Belarusian folklore. Karatkiewicz strongly wished that Belarusians became similar to Poles in their attachment to their own history, language, and took from them their consistent quest for sovereignty and independence of their own country.
EN
The travel book as a genre in the British literary tradition has been, for more than two centuries, characterized by the central role of craftily constructed narrative personae of gentlemen/travellers. This paper is an attempt to pinpoint the main similarities and differences in the construction of the narrative personae of three key between-the-wars Oxford graduates, who later became renowned writers Robert Byron, Aldous Huxley and Evelyn Waugh.
PL
W artykule przedstawione zostały wybrane obrazki z życia i twórczości prof. Jana Czochralskiego (1885–1953), wybitnego polskiego chemika, metaloznawcy i krystalografa oraz mecenasa sztuki, poety i pisarza. Z bogatego dorobku naukowego naszkicowane zostały trzy najważniejsze jego osiągnięcia: radiomikroskop, który można uważać za pierwowzór skaningowego mikroskopu analizującego (SPM) nagrodzonego Nagrodą Nobla w 1986 r., stop do łożysk kolejowych znany jako „metal B”, który przyniósł Czochralskiemu sławę i bogactwo, oraz tz w. metoda Czochralskiego otrzymywania monokryształów, dzięki której nazwano uczonego „ojcem współczesnej elektroniki”. Nie bez znaczenia są inne jego wynalazki, takie jak płyn do trwałej ondulacji czy „proszek od kataru z Gołąbkiem”. Mimo takich osiągnięć, nazwisko Jana Czochralskiego było w Polsce objęte infamią za rzekomą kolaborację z Niemcami w czasie II wojny światowej. Jednak, po ostatecznym udowodnieniu wiosną 2011 roku faktu jego współpracy z Armią Krajową, przywrócono mu dobre imię na Politechnice Warszawskiej. Słusznie więc rok 2013 został przez Sejm RP ogłoszony Rokiem Jana Czochralskiego.
EN
The presented paper is a report from a presentation delivered in December 2013, at the end of the “Year of Jan Czochralski” celebrated in Poland. For that reason the life and achievements of Prof. Jan Czochralski (1885–1953) were presented in a very short way. Jan Czochralski was a well known Polish chemist and metallurgist of the fi rst half of the 20th century working in Germany and Poland. His achievements were numerous and only three were presented in a more detailed way. The fi rst was a “radiomicroscope” for examination of the surface of metallic samples, which may be regarded as a prototype of modern scanning probe microscope (SPM) awarded with the Nobel Prize in 1986. The second achievement made Czochralski a famous scientist and a rich man prior to WWII – this was a special alloy for railway sliding bearing shells called “B -metal”. The third discovery gave the world recognition to Jan Czochralski after the war – this was the so -called “Czochralski method” for pulling a single crystal from the melt. Without this method used to obtain single silicon crystals necessary to modern electronics, our contemporary civilization would not have been possible. Among his other achievements it is worth mentioning a development of a type of hair perm lotion and a powder against nasal infections, as well as his activities as a patron of culture, poet and novelist. Despite these achievements, the name of Jan Czochralski was a subject of infamy in Poland, for his alleged collaboration with the Germans during World War II. After he fi nally had given proof to his patriotic cooperation with the Home Army (Armia Krajowa), he regained his good name in the spring of 2011. Therefore, the year 2013 was rightly declared by the Parliament of the Republic of Poland as the “Year of Jan Czochralski”.
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