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NIEWAŻNOŚĆ MAŁŻEŃSTWA Z POWODU BRAKU WYSTARCZAJĄCEGO UŻYWANIA ROZUMU NA PRZYKŁADZIE WYBRANYCH SPRAW SĄDU BISKUPIEGO DIECEZJI EŁCKIEJ

100%

MAKAREWICZ P.

Civitas et Lex

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2014

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issue 2

53-63

EN

Catholic Church instructs, that „a marriage that is ratum et consummatum can be dissolved by no human power and by no cause, except death” (Can. 1141). However there are some cases, when marriage has not come into being from its start. Church tribunals lead investigations in such cases to show the truth about the marriage. Canon 1095 gives three conditions that would make a person unable to contract marriage from mental incapacity: “They are incapable of contracting marriage: 1o who lack the sufficient use of reason; 2o who suffer from grave lack of discretion of judgment concerning essential matrimonial rights and duties which are to be mutually given and accepted; 3o who are not capable of assuming the essential obligations of matrimony due to causes of a psychic nature”. Regarding the use of reason, the Church is saying that a person must have sufficient development of their faculties of intellect and will to be able to judge and to will a truly human act. This is the most basic level of intellectual maturity, but one not found in small children, or in adults who suffer from conditions which affect their powers of reasoning. It takes a pretty grave permanent or transitory condition, however, such as schizophrenia, or alcoholic stupor, to invalidate marriage for lack of reason. The article aims at presenting a reason for invalidity of marriage which is lack of sufficient use of reason as exemplified by the diocesan tribunal of Elk.

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Realizacja zadania sprawiedliwości jako naczelne zadanie sądownictwa kościelnego

100%

Makarewicz P.

Studia Ełckie

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2020

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vol. 22

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issue 2

153-168

EN

The judicial power of the Church as any authority in the Church always tries to build good of the believers. It expresses a principle derived from the Code of Canon Law: Salus animarum suprema lex, which means that the most important task for the Church is the salvation of man. An expression of this principle are marriage processes which can declare the nullity of the marriage. The judge has a very important place in the Church’s justice system. It is the duty of the judge to look after justice and peace in the community of Godʼs people. Justice is a virtue which the judge ought to demand also from himself. Therefore, he should permanently improve moral precepts in himself. He ought to develop good manners and everything which can influence the realization of the principle of justice. Ecclesiastical courts confirm that for many litigating parties in marriage cases, proceedings concerning cases of nullity of marriage, have a practical purpose, which is to regulate life in a new marriage. But we cannot forget that the primary purpose of marriage process is to know the truth about marriage. Therefore, judicial power, which judges or judicial colleges possess, must be exercised in the manner prescribed by law, and it is important to judge fills all the steps in the canonical process of declaration of nullity of marriage carefully and with due observance of the law.

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Nieważność czynności prawnej na przykładzie małżeństwa kanonicznego

63%

Bartczak A.

Ius Matrimoniale

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2020

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vol. 31

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issue 1

119-133

EN

The article aims to the concept of the invalidity of a juridical act in marriage canon law. The starting point was deliberations on marriage in canon law as a juridical act. Then, was discussed the issue of the invalidity of a juridical act in canon law. The third part presents the essential elements, which make a nullity of marriage: diriment impediments, matrimonial consent, and the form of the celebration of marriage. Finally, was presented the problem of the sanction of nullity itself in relation to catholic marriage. The conclusion shows that the nullity of a legal act in canonical matrimonial law differs from the concept of nullity in Polish law.

PL

Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje problematykę nieważności czynności prawnej na przykładzie małżeństwa kanonicznego. Punktem wyjścia stały się rozważania na temat małżeństwa kanonicznego jako aktu prawnego. Następnie, omówiona została problematyka nieważności aktu prawnego w prawie kanonicznym. W trzeciej części przedstawione zostały istotne przesłanki, które powodują, nieważność małżeństwa. Są to przeszkody małżeńskie, zgoda małżeńska i forma małżeńska. Na koniec zaprezentowano problematykę samej sankcji nieważności w odniesieniu do małżeństwa kanonicznego. Konkluzja wykazuje, że nieważność czynności prawnej w kanonicznym prawie małżeńskim różni się od koncepcji nieważności w prawie polskim.

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Nieważność małżeństwa z tytułu przeszkody węzła małżeńskiego. Analiza przypadku w oparciu o deklarację Sygnatury Apostolskiej z 18 czerwca 1987 r.

45%

Nowicka U.

Ius Matrimoniale

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2014

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vol. 25

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issue 3

5-17

EN

According to can. 1085 § 1 Code of Canon Law “A person bound by the bond of a prior marriage, even if it was not consummated, invalidly attempts marriage”. Establish the existence of impediment to the marriage bond, however, requires knowledge of not only the doctrine, but appropriate rules proceedings. The presented study is an analysis of impediment to the marriage bond, made on the basis of the case file for nullity of marriage, which was considered one of the ecclesiastical tribunals in Poland. The foundation of the considerations is the declaration of the Apostolic Signatura dated June 18, 1987, where was defined the manner of proceeding reported in declaring the nullity of marriages successively entered. It is a response to the complaints received this Supreme Tribunal concerning the inappropriate manner of proceeding in the case of declaring the nullity of many marriages which have been successively entered into by the same person.

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NIEWAŻNOŚĆ MAŁŻEŃSTWA Z POWODU BRAKU WYSTARCZAJĄCEGO UŻYWANIA ROZUMU NA PRZYKŁADZIE WYBRANYCH SPRAW SĄDU BISKUPIEGO DIECEZJI EŁCKIEJ

Realizacja zadania sprawiedliwości jako naczelne zadanie sądownictwa kościelnego

Nieważność czynności prawnej na przykładzie małżeństwa kanonicznego

Nieważność małżeństwa z tytułu przeszkody węzła małżeńskiego. Analiza przypadku w oparciu o deklarację Sygnatury Apostolskiej z 18 czerwca 1987 r.