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EN
Material for this article comes from Libri Mortuorum of Wadowice decanate published in 1786–1939. Among gathered surnames of simple structure such as Ceglarz, Karkoszka, Woźniak, there is a small group of surnames motivated by compound common words or compound personal names (names and local names) which were used as surnames kołodziej > surname Kołodziej, name Chwalibóg > surname Chwalibóg, waligóra > surname Waligór-ski, name Bogusław > surname Bogusławski, local name Odrzywół > surname Odrzywol-ski. We can also find surnames motivated by compound common words, recorded in Polish dictionaries eg. Mrzygłód < mrzygłód, Pędziwiatr < pędziwiatr, Skoczylas < Skoczylas and surnames with a compound word structure which have not been found in Polish dictionaries (used when writing this article), e.g. Babrzymąka < babrać + mąka (dirty + flour), Cedziwoda < cedzić + woda (strain+water), Palichleb < palić + chleb (burn + bread). Most of the compound surnames are still readable and they are emotionally featured. Surnames which were motivated by compound words partially maintain their expressive function. Some people did not want to be associated with the real meaning of their surnames so they changed them partially, for example by adding a suffix: Piwowar (a pot used for making beer) > Piwowarski, Stokłosa > Stokłosiński. Different spelling of words have led to the strengthening of local dialect np. Krotofil < krotochwila (chw > f), Mrzygód < mrzygłód (gł > g). This caused disappearance of original semantically motivated words. Among analyzed surnames the most popular in Wadowice decanate and in Poland are three leaders: Kołodziej, Kołodziejczyk i Piwowarczyk. Most of the surnames mentioned in this article were popular not only in the 19th century. Some of them are still being used and are also written down in Dictionary of surnames used in contemporary Poland.
EN
Boundaries Between Anthroponymic Categories In the introduction, examples from the Croatian language are used to exemplify the anthroponymization of appellatives (e.g. appellative kovač → family name Kovač), appelativization of anthroponyms (e.g. family name Penkala → appellative penkala) and transonymization (e.g. hydronym Una → first name Una). All of the listed transitions represent evidence that there are no firm boundaries between the onymic and appellative lexicon, nor within the onymic lexicon.The central part of the study is dedicated to the so-called pure transanthroponymization of the type first name Vinko → family name Vinko. Pure transanthroponymization results in different combinations of homonymic pairs of anthroponyms in the anthroponymic formula / anthroponymic formulae (e.g. David David; David Vinko, Vinko David; David Novak - Josip David). Given that context does not contribute to the correct understanding of the message transmitted by the anthroponymic formula in the case of first name-family name homonymy, possible consequences of this homonymy for onomastic communication are emphasised. Also listed are examples of anthroponymic formulae of the Saša Pavlić type (it is impossible to distinguish whether the person is male or female from the first name) and Ivan Vinko Boris (it is impossible to distinguish whether the person has two first names or two family names from the anthroponymic formula) which also “stifle” the onomastic information.The author concludes that the boundaries between first names and family names are not fixed and cautions of the need to carefully select the first name of a child bearing a family name created by the pure transanthroponymization of a first name.
Onomastica
|
2016
|
vol. 60
163-174
EN
This article deals with a group of Polish surnames motivated by lexis from the field of salt mining. The analysed surnames are excerpted from “Słownik nazwisk współcześnie w Polsce używanych”, edited by Kazimierz Rymut, as well as from other onomastic compilations. These anthroponyms vary in terms of their origins and linguistic construction. We can distinguish from among these anthroponyms: 1) surnames motivated by impersonal nouns: solanka, solnica, sól, tołpa, żupa; 2) surnames motivated by adjectives: słony, solny; 3) surnames motivated by personal nouns: prasoł, solarz, solnik, warzyc, warzysz, żupnik. The description of particular ‛salt’ surnames, apart from their frequency, includes their geographical distribution, which only in some cases is connected with the location of old salt mines, found mainly in the Lesser Poland (Małopolska).
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza humorystycznych użyć antroponimów w serialu telewizyjnym Jak poznałem waszą matkę. Za podstawę pojawienia się w badanych nazwach elementu humorystycznego uznano procesy apelatywizacji i onimizacji prowadzące do niespójności w odbiorze onimów. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy opisano i pogrupowano tematycznie osiemdziesiąt przypadków sytuacyjnej onimizacji i apelatywizacji. W artykule poddano analizie funkcję humorystyczną antroponimów w Jak poznałem waszą matkę.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse the use of humour in anthroponyms in How I Met Your Mother. It has been claimed in the analysis that it is the processes of appellativization and onymization which produce the humorous effects, as these processes constitute the basis for the emergence of the incongruity in the reception of the proper names. The collected material is examined in thematic groups.
Onomastica
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2020
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vol. 64
259-265
EN
The article presents the achievements of professor Aleksandra Cieślikowa in the field of word-formation of proper names. The most important issues concerning the creation of anthroponyms in the Old Polish era selected from monographs and scientific articles are detailed. These issues include the problems of motivation in onomastic word-formation, the onimization process and the way of describing non-derivatized words by word formation and the participation of paradigmatic derivation in the emergence of Old Polish personal names. The views of Aleksandra Cieślikowa regarding Old Polish anthroponymy contributed to the development of onomastic word-formation, an integral part of the grammar of proper names and gave methodological foundations for the description of Old Polish personal names from a synchronic perspective.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono dokonania profesor Aleksandry Cieślikowej w zakresie słowotwórstwa nazw własnych. Na podstawie wybranych monografii i artykułów naukowych przedstawiono kolejno najważniejsze zagadnienia dotyczące kreacji antroponimów w dobie staropolskiej. Należą do nich problemy motywacji w słowotwórstwie onomastycznym, procesu onimizacji i sposobu opisu nazw niederywowanych słowotwórczo oraz udziału derywacji paradygmatycznej w powstawaniu staropolskich nazw osobowych. Poglądy A. Cieślikowej dotyczące staropolskiej antroponimii przyczyniły się do rozwoju słowotwórstwa onomastycznego, integralnej części gramatyki nazw własnych i dały podstawy metodologiczne do opisu staropolskich nazw osobowych z perspektywy synchronicznej.
PL
Artykuł jest poświęcony jednemu z najnowszych modeli nazewniczych, wpisujących się w płaszczyźnie apelatywnej w kategorię słowotwórczą nazw miejsc, a utworzonych drogą sufiksacji, za pomocą znanych wykładników słowotwórczych -arnia, -nia, -ownia, lub derywacji paradygmatycznej. W systemie nazewniczym tego typu nazwy mają charakter deproprialny lub odapelatywny. Oznacza to, że tworzy się je od podstaw onimicznych (nazw ulic, placów, budynków) lub apelatywów, które w funkcji nazw miejsc nigdy dotąd nie występowały w systemie apelatywnym (Bezownia, Bucikarnia, Zupiarnia). Powstaje dzięki temu nowa możliwość przyszłego zasilania leksykonu nazw pospolitych jednostkami proprialnymi. Będą to jednak swoiste apelatywizmy wykreowane w planie onimicznym (por. fryzjer → Fryzjernia → fryzjernia; zupa → Zupiarnia → zupiarnia).
EN
The article is devoted to one of the most recent naming models which, on the appellative plane and from the point of view of word formation, belongs to the category of place names, created by suffixation with the use of the well-known suffixes -arnia, -nia, -ownia, or by paradigmatic derivation. In the naming system, such names are of proprial or appellative origin. This means that they are created on the basis of onyms (names of streets, squares or buildings) or appellatives which have never before appeared in the appellative system in the function of names (cf. Bezownia, Bucikarnia, Zupiarnia). This creates a new future possibility of enriching the lexicon of common names with proprial units. However, these will be specific appellativisms of onymic origin (cf. fryzjer ‘hairdresser’ → fryzjernia → fryzjernia; zupa ‘soup’ → zupiarnia → zupiarnia).
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