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The legendary work of young Rozanov, largely considered incomprehensible, and thematically about meaning, can, rather, be seen as a certain kind of ontologism. After its re-release in 1995, those researchers who familiarized themselves with the text had been known to read the treatise carefully. However, at present, there is no consensus, as to the nature of the ontologism contained in it. Rather, there are radically different interpretations of the treatise and its organization and these range from phenomenology of symbolic thought to the continuation of Aristotelian realism. In the following paper, the author attempts, therefore, to read again the ontological concept of Rozanov and to resolve this conflict of interpretation.
Studia Gilsoniana
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2019
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vol. 8
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issue 2
277-303
EN
Considered one of the leading proponents of natural theology in the 20th century, E. L. Mascall (1905–1993) taught philosophy and theology at King’s College London for most of his career. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he insisted that classical theism, embodied in the writings of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas, could be successfully revived for a modern audience. Known for his vigorous defense of neo-Thomism, Mascall offered an unusual interpretation of The Five Ways. While modern scholastics typically read the proofs as syllogistic exercises, Mascall maintained that God’s existence could not be deduced from premises, but must be grasped by means of a unique type of “metaphysical intuition” which he called “contuition.” In my paper, I will re-examine his position, explore his reasons for adopting it, and finally raise several questions concerning its significance for the history of neo-Thomism.
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PL
Artykuł traktuje o głównych kierunkach badań nad rosyjskim neokantyzmem w Polsce. Jakkolwiek ilość i jakość badań nad dziejami rosyjskiego neokantyzmu nie może jeszcze równać się z badaniami w zakresie historii neokantyzmu niemieckiego, to sytuacja staje się tutaj coraz lepsza. Autorzy artykułu konstatują niezaprzeczalny postęp badań nad rosyjskim neokantyzmem w Polsce w ostatnich latach: pojawiają się monografie, artykuły, prace zbiorowe, projekty naukowe poświęcone postaciom i tematom związanym z historią rosyjskiego neokantyzmu. Autorzy uważają za płodny heurystycznie pogląd A. Norasa o ewolucji neokantyzmu w postneokantyzm. Jako jedną z głównych cech takiego rozwoju zakłada się ontologizację procesu poznania. Ten typowy dla rosyjskiego neokantyzmu, w szczególności dla S. Hessena, W. Sezemana, B. Jakowienki, „zwrot ontologiczny” z jednej strony stanowi wyróżnik całej filozofii rosyjskiej, a z drugiej zbliża filozoficzne próby rosyjskich neokantystów do koncepcji twórcy „nowej ontologii”, N. Hartmanna.
EN
The article deals with the main tendencies in the studies of Russian neo-Kantianism in Poland. Although the number and quality of research in the history of Russian neo-Kantianism still cannot be equated with those of the history of German neo-Kantianism, the situation of these studies is constantly changing for the better. The authors mark the undeniable progress in the studies of Russian neo-Kantianism in Poland in the recent years: there are monographs, articles, collections, research projects on particular thinkers or themes related to the history of Russian neo-Kantianism. The authors consider A. Noras’s idea of the development of neo-Kantianism into post-neo-Kantianism rather heuristic. One of the main features of this development is the ontologization of the cognitive process. This “ontological turn”, typical of Russian neo-Kantianism, in particular as represented by S. Hessen, V. Sesemann, B. Jakovenko, is, on the one hand, the hallmark of the entire Russian philosophy and, on the other, it brings together the philosophical efforts of Russian neo-Kantians and the conception of the author of the “new ontology” – N. Hartmann.
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