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Management
|
2016
|
vol. 20
|
issue 1
211-224
EN
This article attempts to draw attention to exploiting opportunities by strategists. The paper consists of four parts. The first one introduces the reader to the strategizing approach and macro and micro-level strategic analysis. The second part presents opportunities and their sources, as a background for further considerations. The third part of the article concentrates on individual characteristics of strategic management practitioners, actively identifying new opportunities. The final part focuses on the issues of behavioural uncertainty, and so this type of uncertainty, which inhibits the process of using the opportunities by strategists.
EN
The article presents fundamental issues related to vital problems with a view to research on internal security, namely — opportunities, challenges, risks and threats. The reason for treating these phenomena in such a way is the fact that they most often occur together. It also seems important that today there is a substantial perception and awareness of opportunities, challenges, risks and threats. This can be achieved by making information and knowledge widely available. A significant source of the latter is scientific research which provides systematically improved and highly objective collections of reliable information about reality together with the methods for their skilful and effective use. The considerations presented are based on a review of the Polish and foreign literature used in security research conducted within the framework of  security sciences. It  has been used to  present basic identification problems and mutual relationships among opportunities, challenges, risks and threats. The analysis presented indicates a lack of uniformity in the perception of the concept of risk. Completely different is the situation with regard to  identifying opportunities, challenges, risks and threats. There are here many common areas referring mainly to sources and effects. The considerations presented have made it possible to identify mutual cognitive and utilitarian relations between the subject phenomena. The conclusions of the article include a summary of the above-mentioned considerations.
EN
This article deals with two principles – the principle of legality and the principle of opportunity which can be seen as contradictory at first sight because only the first mentioned is considered to be a traditional pillar of criminal procedures in continental European countries. The main aim of this article is to emphasize the role of the principle of opportunity in the Czech criminal procedure and to summarize basic institutes which express this principle.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy dwóch zasad – zasady legalizmu oraz zasady oportunizmu, które na pierwszy rzut oka mogą być postrzegane jako sprzeczne, ponieważ jedynie pierwsza z nich jest uważana za tradycyjny filar postępowania karnego w państwach Europy kontynentalnej. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest podkreślenie roli, jaką pełni zasada oportunizmu w procedurach postępowania karnego w Czechach oraz przedstawienie głównych instytucji, które wyrażają tę zasadę.
4
86%
EN
“16+1” forum was proposed by China for the implementation of “Belt and Road” initiative. Since the establishment of 16+1, the trade between China and CEE countries increased significantly. It aroused warm response of CEE countries which actively supported the cooperation with China. However, the cooperation between China and CEE countries aroused doubts of EU, which considered that “16+1” is a challenge of unity of EU. Based on the theory of neoliberalism, and use the method of case studies, the thesis is to analyze China’s motivation towards cooperation with CEE countries and find out “16+1” is an opportunity rather than a challenge of EU.
EN
The paper researches the optimization process of information democracy in Ukraine. The problems, which can be solved by information democracy include: increasing public confidence in the government, the legitimacy of the government and public understanding of power, the interests of citizens and public services, equal access to the political process, effective representation in the decision-making processes in political and administrative matters, and participation of citizens through their involvement in policy-making through public consultation and debate. The experience of implementing IT tools of democracy in Ukraine shows that through the use of Internet technology people gain new opportunities to participate in the political process, in particular, increasing their awareness on important political issues of the state and local authorities.
EN
The article deals with the reforms in the sphere of humanitarian education in Austria. It demonstrates the main factors of reform of humanitarian education. The formation of humanitarian education is influenced by human social activities, cultural and historical processes in modern society. The reforms in Austrian secondary humanitarian education are directed by the changes of the world economic system. As the result of global development of economic system the transformation process of secondary humanitarian education is projected. The content of this education reflects the key points of this process. The article analyses the ways of reforms of humanitarian education. It highlights the functions of secondary education reforms and defines the principal stages of its content reforms. All changes done were introduced into practice according to general theoretical and practical basis of educational system. The reforms have affected the competitiveness development of graduates in the labor market and stimulated the cooperation in the sphere of education and life. The implemented changes affect the financial issues and internal reorganization of gymnasium education system. They give the representatives of different ethnic groups an opportunity to receive secondary education in Austria and to choose a humanitarian education institution (for instance, gymnasiums, private schools, religious education establishments). The reforms in the system of secondary education provide autochthons and allochthons with the right to get secondary humanitarian education in the country they live. The transformations in the system of humanitarian education raise a possibility to study a school subject «Religion» according to the family creed. The important contribution to the reformation process of Austrian humanitarian education is determined by the introduction of the language norms in German-speaking countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland). Spelling reform has been caused by the need to simplify spelling and punctuation in German. The educational reforms are directed towards the renewal of humanitarian education in Austria. It is seen that humanitarian education transformations are focused on differentiation and individualization of educational process during the study of humanitarian arts (modern language, literature, history etc.), implementation of competence approach, teaching improvement, cooperation with the local religious communities, forming bilingual types of education.
PL
Polska dysponuje znacznymi, acz słabo rozpoznanymi zasobami obiektów warownych i rezydencjalnych. Różnią się położeniem, jakością architektury, stanem zachowania, własnością, funkcją pełnioną współcześnie. Ich dzisiejszy stan był determinowany przez wiele złożonych czynników ekonomicznych, politycznych, prawnych i społecznych. Wykorzystanie tych zasobów w związku z dynamicznym rozwojem turystyki kulturowej wymaga zmian w polityce ochrony dziedzictwa i rozwoju turystyki, w tym zwłaszcza zmiany podejścia i wzmocnienia rozwiązań rynkowych. Bez nich zasoby te pozostaną tylko kłopotliwą i kosztowną pamiątką przeszłości.
EN
Poland has significant, though not researched and depicted in depth asset in the form of manors, palaces and castles. They differ in many ways: by location, technical state, quality of architecture, ownership, function played nowadays. Their contemporary state has been determined by a number of complex economic, political, legal and social factors. Utilisation of those objects for the needs of dynamically developing culture tourism calls for changes in national heredity protection and tourism development strategies. Proposed changes in particular should decisively introduce market mechanism into heredity management. Otherwise those rich assets shall remain troublesome and costly souvenir of the past.
EN
The purpose of this article is to present the use of the word “time” in the Book of Sirach. To this end, the author synthetically presents, first, the semantic field of the term “time” in both Hebrew and Greek. Then, based on these distinctions, the fragments in which the term appears are presented, taking into account the context of the whole book, as well as other biblical books. For the sage of Jerusalem, time is not just a chronological concept, but a reality which man discovers every day, as both an opportunity to do good and also a space for God, as Creator and Lord of the whole created world. The variety of life situations that Ben Sirach presents in his book make him a true teacher and witness to a fruitful life.
PL
Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie użycia słowa „czas” w Księdze Syracydesa. W tym celu autor syntetycznie ukazał najpierw pole semantyczne terminu „czas” w języku hebrajskim i greckim. Następnie, w oparciu o wskazane rozróżnienia, zostały przedstawione fragmenty, w których pojawia się omawiany termin, z uwzględnieniem kontekstu całej księgi, jak i pozostałych ksiąg biblijnych. Dla mędrca z Jerozolimy czas nie jest jedynie pojęciem wyznaczającym chronologię, ale rzeczywistością, którą codziennie człowiek odkrywa jako sposobność do czynienia dobra i przestrzeń działania Boga, jako Stwórcy i Pana całego stworzonego świata. Różnorodność sytuacji życiowych, które przedstawia Ben Syrach w swej księdze, czynią go prawdziwym nauczycielem i świadkiem owocnie przeżytego czasu życia.
EN
Against the background of the importance of entrepreneurship to economic growth and development, this paper investigates the potential for achieving growth and development through entrepreneurship in underdeveloped economies. Specifically, the study investigated the availability of the environment for and the extent to which individuals and groups are able to recognize/create opportunity for providing goods and services; and the extent to which they are able to utilize such opportunities. The study collected primary data about the environment for entrepreneurship development in Nigeria, the extent and nature of opportunity creation and the prospect for carrying through innovations in the country. The data were collected from entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship professionals, using a well-structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 360 respondents, drawn from among the groups. The responses were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests. The study revealed that Nigerians are innovative and enterprising. It also revealed that infrastructural facilities, funding, and entrepreneurship education are significant impediments. The study also showed that economic growth in Nigeria is influenced by entrepreneurship growth, therefore the slow growth in entrepreneurship development in Nigeria contributed to the underdeveloped status of the economy. The study recommended specific solutions to the different entrepreneurship problems identified in the study.
PL
W artykule zbadano możliwość osiągnięcia wzrostu i rozwoju dzięki przedsiębiorczości w gospodarkach słabo rozwiniętych w kontekście znaczenia przedsiębiorczości dla wzrostu i rozwoju gospodarczego. W szczególności analizie poddano istnienie odpowiednich warunków i zakres, w jakim jednostki i grupy są w stanie rozpoznać/stworzyć możliwości dostarczania towarów i usług, a także stopień, w jakim są one w stanie wykorzystać takie możliwości. W ramach badania zebrano podstawowe dane o środowisku dla rozwoju przedsiębiorczości w Nigerii, zakresie i charakterze tworzonych możliwości oraz perspektywach wprowadzania innowacji w kraju. Dane zebrano od przedsiębiorców i specjalistów ds. przedsiębiorczości przy wykorzystaniu odpowiednio ułożonego kwestionariusza skierowanego do próbki 360 respondentów wybranych spośród grup. Odpowiedzi zostały przeanalizowane za pomocą testu Kruskala Wallisa i testu Wilcoxona dla par obserwacji. Badanie wykazało, że Nigeryjczycy są innowacyjni i przedsiębiorczy, jak również, że źródłami znaczących utrudnień są infrastruktura, finansowanie i edukacja w zakresie przedsiębiorczości. Badanie pokazało, że wzrost przedsiębiorczości wpływa na wzrost gospodarczy w Nigerii, a zatem powolny rozwój przedsiębiorczości w tym kraju przyczynił się do tego, że gospodarka nigeryjska jest słabo rozwinięta. W badaniu wskazano konkretne rozwiązania różnych zidentyfikowanych problemów dotyczących przedsiębiorczości.
10
51%
Littera Scripta
|
2012
|
vol. 1
141-146
EN
The paper deals with finding and analyzing of investment opportunities in the municipalities in the district of Český Krumlov in South Bohemia. Then it sets their possible use for potential investors. The necessary information was obtained from surveys with the management of those municipalities who have an interest in cooperation. In the Český Krumlov district only 3 localities that fulfilled the required criteria were selected. The management of municipalities is interested in the realisation of proposed projects by authors in the localities. The paper is one of the outputs of the project M00021 Standort: Aktiv Interregional. The Czech partner of this international project is the South Bohemian Chamber of Commerce. The author of this paper cooperates on this project. The aim of the Czech part of the project is to map the locations of suitable development investments, creating a list of localities by developing and marketing studies, selection of about 15 localities in cooperation with the South Bohemian Region and the detailed processing, creation of promotional materials and catalog of localities in three languages (CZ, EN, G).
CS
Článek se zabývá nalezením a analýzou rozvojových lokalit v municipalitách okresu Český Krumlov v Jihočeském kraji a následně stanovením jejich možného využití investory. Potřebné informace byly získány z dotazníkových šetření s managementem těch municipalit, které měly zájem o spolupráci. V okrese Český Krumlov byly vybrány pouze 3 lokality, které naplnily požadovaná kritéria. Management municipalit má zájem o realizaci autorem navrhovaných záměrů v předmětných lokalitách. Článek je jedním z výstupů projektu M00021 Standort: Aktiv Interregional, jehož českým partnerem je Jihočeská hospodářská komora v Českých Budějovicích a na kterém se autor podílel. Cílem českéčásti projektu je zmapování míst vhodných rozvojových investic, vytvoření seznamu lokalit formou rozvojové a marketingové studie, výběr cca 15 nejzajímavějších lokalit ve spolupráci s Jihočeským krajem a jejich detailní zpracování, vytvoření propagačních materiálů a katalogu lokalit ve třech jazykových mutacích (ČJ, AJ, NJ).
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