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Est locus… The Grotteschi of Giovanni Battista Piranesi and the Ancient Topos of Locus Horridus

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Pypłacz J.
Biuletyn Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej
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2015
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vol. 65
181-197
EN
The present article discusses Piranesi’s use of the ancient topos of locus horridus on the example of his four Grotteschi. The analysis of particular ingredients of Piranesi’s loci horridi has shown that, in order to understand them, the onlooker must be not only familiar with the Greek and Roman mythology and literature, but also, must have the patience to detect even those details which, despite being too tiny or obscure to be noticed at the first glance, are crucial to the meaning of the whole picture. In his sophisticated game with the onlooker, Piranesi employs optical illusion and pareidolia. The article also reveals that the aesthetics of the Grotteschi consists, to a large extent, in bringing together motifs that originally belong to the opposite realms: that of a locus horridus and that of a locus amoenus. As a result of such a fusion, the locus horridus becomes even more frightening and hostile, whereas the traditionally ‘idyllic’ elements acquire a sinister hue.
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Sposoby widzenia. Optyka w służbie oświeceniowego racjonalisty

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Kowalewska D.
Napis. Pismo poświęcone literaturze okolicznościowej i użytkowej
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2014
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issue 20
29-40
EN
“Seeing is to some extent an art to be learned” (William Herschel). Thanks to the new optical tools human perceptual capabilities greatly increased. Cognitive standards have also changed. “The magical glasses” began to modify the image of reality, so the science could deal with objects that had never seen before. The use of a telescope to study celestial bodies caused that universe gained an extra dimension that had to be tamed and explained. My text refers to the impact that the development of optics has on perception of the world in the Age of Lights. I try to show when and how optical devices, assisting the reason in explaining and rationalizing supernatural phenomena, allowed people in the Enlightenment – in literal and figurative sense – to see through, eventually becoming an attribute of the rationalist from this period. The analysis is focused on selected literary and “utility” texts (Jan Bohomolec ’s "Diabeł w swojej postaci"), in which popular instruments (the microscope) and optical phenomena (such as an optical illusion) in the eighteenth century appear.
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