Search results

1

Najlepszy czy najgorszy z możliwych światów? Studium porównawcze systemów ﬁlozoﬁcznych G.W. Leibniza i A. Schopenhauera

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Czerkawski A.

Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia

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2007

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vol. 2

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issue 1

9-20

EN

The article discusses the views of two great philosophers, Georg W. Leibniz and Arthur Schopenhauer. In his optimistic system, Leibniz perceived the world as created by God. Schopenhauer, in his pessimism, claimed that God does not exist and that the world is ruled by the irrational Will. Surprisingly, the opposing views of Leibniz and Schopenhauer converge in the area of ethics, for both of them consider good action and compassion toward each other the most important things. The author claims that the convergence of their moral standpoints can be explained by their common discovery the metaphysical mystery of being.

2

On Martin-Löf’s Constructive Optimism

100%

Peluce V. A.

Studia Semiotyczne

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2020

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vol. 34

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issue 1

EN

In his 1951 Gibbs Memorial Lecture, Kurt Gödel put forth his famous disjunction that either the power of the mind outstrips that of any machine or there are absolutely unsolvable problems. The view that there are no absolutely unsolvable problems is optimism, the view that there are such problems is pessimism. In his 1995-and, revised in 2013-Verificationism Then and Now, Per Martin-Löf presents an illustrative argument for a constructivist form of optimism. In response to that argument, Solomon Feferman points out that Martin-Löf’s reasoning relies upon constructive understandings of key philosophical notions. In the vein of Feferman’s analysis, one might be object to Martin-Löf’s argument for either its reliance upon constructivist (as opposed to classical) considerations, or for its appeal to non-unproblematically mathematical premises. We argue that both of these responses fall short. On one hand, to be critical of Martin-Löf’s reasoning for its constructiveness is to reject what would otherwise be a scientific advance on the basis of the assumption of constructivism’s falsehood or implausibility, which is of course uncharitable at best. On the other hand, to object to the argument for its use of non-unproblematically mathematical premises is to assume that there is some philosophically neutral mathematics, which is implausible. Martin-Löf’s argument relies upon his third law, the claim that from the impossibility of a proof of a proposition we can construct a proof of its negation. We close with a discussion of some ways in which this claim can be criticized from the constructive point of view. Specifically, we contend that Martin-Löf’s third law is incompatible with what has been called “Poincaré’s Principle of Epistemic Conservation”, the thesis that genuine increase in mathematical knowledge requires subject-specific insight.

3

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND CREATIVITY

100%

Barkóczi I.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2012

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vol. 67

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issue 1

173-181

EN

The author reviews the studies of creativity from the aspect of what relationship can be established between creativity in either everyday life or outstanding creators and optimism, health and subjective well-being. According to her reasoning both kinds of creativity is probably contingent to optimism – except the case of artists, as the author hasn’t found any data supporting the correlation. The relationship between everyday creativity and subjective well-being can be also concluded.

4

SELF-ESTEEM MEDIATES RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SELF-CONCEPT CLARITY AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE FUTURE

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Morawiak A., Mrozinski B., Gutral J., Cypryańska M., Nezlek J. B.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2018

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vol. 9

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issue 1

99-108

EN

Aim: The present study was designed to examine relationships between young people’s self-concepts and their perceptions of their futures Methods: High school students (n = 347) completed measures of the two domains of self‑concept, the evaluative domain, self-esteem, and the knowledge or structural domain, self-concept clarity. They also completed two measures of perceptions of their futures, optimism and future time perspective. Results: Both measures of self-concept were positively correlated with both measures of perception of the future. For both measures of perceptions of the future, regression analyses found that when perceptions of the future were regressed onto the two measures of self-concept perceptions of the future were significantly related to only self-esteem. Relationships between perceptions of the future and self-concept clarity were not significant. Analyses of mediation found that self-esteem mediated the relationship between self-concept clarity and both measures of perceptions of the future. Conclusion: Young people with a clearer sense of self and who have higher self-esteem are more optimistic and perceive a longer future than young people with a less clear sense of self and who have lower self-esteem; however, the effects of self-concept clarity disappear after the relationship between clarity and self-esteem are taken into account.

5

Optymizm i motywacja osiągnięć u osób uzdolnionych literacko

100%

Rak-Suska M., Binięda A.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2018

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issue 4(25)

69-75

EN

Optimism, according to the concept of positive psychology, is related to the cognitive style of explaining and of beliefs towards oneself, the world and others. Both optimism and achievement motivation are factors related to the creative activity of the individual and creative traits such as literary talents. The article shows the relationships between particular dimensions of the achievement motivation in a group of people with literary talents. the aim of the paper: The study was based on a comparative analysis within the level of achievement motivation and optimism among literary gifted individuals and in the control group. research methods: For the purposes of the research Inventory of Achievement Motivation (LMI) by H. Schuler and M. Prochaski in the Polish adaptation of W. Klinkosz and A. E. Sękowski along with the Questionnaire for the Study of Optimism by R. Stach were selected. results: The studies have shown that there are statistically significant differences between literate talented individuals and control group in terms of overall achievement motivation, preference for difficult tasks, flow, enthusiasm for learning and caring for prestige. Conclusion: Our in-house research shows that the achievement motivation and its dimensions can be considered on the basis of creative talents, because creativity promotes predispositions to achieve desired goals and derive satisfaction from them. It was not stated that optimism was a factor differentiating both groups, which probably results from the concept of development that assumes that the level of optimism decreases with age.

6

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF LONELINESS AND OPTIMISM AMONG STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCES

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Gürbüz A., Belli E., Bedir F.

Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective

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2019

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vol. 8

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issue 14

5-10

EN

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of optimism and loneliness levels of the students at the Faculty of Sports Sciences. For the purposes of data collection, two instruments were used: the ‘UCLA Scale’ which was developed by Russel et al [7] revised by Russel et al [8] and adapted into Turkish by Demir [9]; and the Optimism Scale which was developed by Balcı and Yılmaz [10] in order to explore students’ levels of loneliness and optimism. These questionnaires were administered to a total of 375 students consisting of 224 male and 151 female students. For data analysis, the SPSS statistical packet program was used for frequency analysis, and independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA and Tukey test were run to find out the source of the difference among different groups of participants. In addition, correlation analysis was performed to reveal the relationship between the students’ Levels of Optimism and Loneliness. Significant differences have been seen in the levels of optimism and loneliness among participants according to gender. (p<0,05) According to this, averages of female students are higher than male students in levels of loneliness. In terms of levels of optimism, averages of male student are higher than female students.

7

Correlation Between Psychological Well-Being and Indicators of Optimism

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Svence G., Golde S.

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2008

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vol. 1

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issue 1

71-77

EN

Introduction The research is based on the theory that a high level of optimism of an individual correlates with the indicators of subjective well-being.Aim of the Study To test two problem issues. The first one was: is there any statistically significant correlation between the indicators of psychological well-being and a high level of optimism? The second was: did the respondents with higher levels of income also have higher indicators of psychological well-being?Materials and Methods Ryff''s Scales of Psychological Well-Being and Seligman's Attributional Style Questionnaire. The statistical method for the analysis of correlation was done with the help of Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results No statistically significant correlation was found between the indicators of the personality's positive sense of self and high level of optimisms, but it could be related to the low indicator of inner validity in Seligman's test (Cronbah's alpha: .3). As the test has not been standardised in Latvia, it could be the reasons for its low validity. Nevertheless, the analysis of the qualitative data obtained in the research showed that on the level of tendencies there is a correlation between the level of optimism and separate indicators of psychological and subjective well-being: personal development, sense of significance of one's life, relationships with other people.To test the second problem issue of the research, Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-Being was used, and the results were correlated to the level of monthly income stated by the respondents. The statistical method for finding a correlation between two attribute features was done by using the criterion of chi-square.Conclusions The results confirmed that there is a statistically significant correlation between the level of a respondent's income and his/her psychological well-being.

8

Potęga wyobraźni. Między pesymizmem Baudrillarda a optymizmem Beltinga

88%

Jakubowska J.

Estetyka i Krytyka

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2009

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issue 15-16

56-63

EN

Jean Baudrillard thinks that during the act of communication with the world subject cannot reach pure objects, it can only grasp the created i J. Baudrillard thinks that during the act of communication with the world subject can’t reach pure objects, it can only grasp the created image of objects. This observation leads to crisis of subjectivity, which can be overcome by an activity in the space of art. The solution for this crisis is not related to art understood in a traditional way; art should show the way of working of reality instead of reflecting objects.

9

THE MEASUREMENT OF OPTIMISM: THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE HUNGARIAN VERSION OF THE REVISED LIFE ORIENTATION TEST (LOT–R)

88%

Bérdi M., Köteles F.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2010

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vol. 65

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issue 2

273-294

EN

The Life Orientation Test (LOT), developed by Scheier and Carver (1985), is the most widely used measure of trait optimism. The predictive power of optimism for (physical) health (i.e. number of physical symptoms, speed of recovery, mortality and immune functions) was proved in a number of studies. However, the original (LOT) and revised (LOT–R) versions of the measure, and the construct of optimism have been and are criticized by many. These critiques include, on the one hand, the factor structure of the scale, and, on the other hand, the discriminant validity of trait optimism, i.e. the third variable problem. After the brief review of the scale and the construct, and their critiques, we present the validity and reliability data, and the results of our exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the sample data. The computed psychometric properties suggest that the Hungarian version of the LOT–R exhibits a good level of reliability and validity, but data bearing on its factor structure did not support unambiguously either the scale’s uni- or multidimensionality.

10

Personal quality of life factors among imprisoned repeat offenders

88%

Dolińska-Zygmunt G., Mokrzyńska K.

Polish Journal of Applied Psychology

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2013

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vol. 11

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issue 4

109-122

XX

Our objective was to demonstrate the level of life quality among recidivist prisoners and to determine the personal factors associated with that feature. In our research 100 prisoners participated. Used in the measurement were The Questionnaire of Sense Of Quality of Life, Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire INTE, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Generalized Self Effi cacy Scale (GSES), and Life Orientation Test- Revised – LOT-R. The measured quality of life levels were as follows: 32% prisoners obtained low; 59% average and 9% high scores. These persons had low levels of emotional intelligence (41% low scores), an average level of optimism (66% average scores) and high self-effi cacy (42% high scores). Prisoners negatively evaluated their past, fatalistically evaluatedtheir present, and firmly focused on the future. The study indicates a strong correlation between sense of life quality and emotional intelligence, and future time perspective and optimism. This information might be important in creating rehabilitation programs for prisoners.

11

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIVIDUALISTIC VALUES AND OPTIMISM: A STUDY OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN BULGARIA

88%

Karaivanova M.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2020

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vol. 11

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issue 2

461-473

EN

Aim. A quantitative study on generational differences showed a decrease in optimism among the young generation (Karaivanova, 2016). The present work aims to study in detail the relationship between individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism among the Millennial generation. Optimism is a general expectation for positive results and positive events in life (Radoslavova & Velichkov, 2005). Method. A sample of 204 respondents from 20 to 35 years old voluntarily filled in a survey containing scales measuring individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism. The relationship between these variables was tested using regression and mediation analyses. The results were processed using the statistical software SPSS, version 22.0.0.0, and the lavaan application in R Studio. Results. The theoretical model created and tested in this study proved to have good explanatory power for the dependent variable optimism explaining one-third of its variance and gives significant clarity on the relationship between individualistic values, self-esteem, and optimism for the young generation in Bulgaria. Conclusion. Individualistic values turned out to predict self-esteem. The more individualistic a person is, the higher they perceive their competences and social image. At the same time, being individualistic, i.e. being open for change and following one’s own interests does not make young people look more optimistically towards the future and believe in the solution of every problem they encounter. Individualistic values have a positive mediated effect on optimism with self-esteem as a mediator. Having strong self-confidence makes young people have positive expectations for the future.

12

Optimistic Approach Towards Life as a Protective Factor for Adolescents with LD and ADHD

88%

Wizman-Man D.

Studia Edukacyjne

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2018

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issue 48

377-391

PL

The objective of this study is to examine the influenceof life-stories narrative intervention programs on the optimistic approach towards life of adolescents with learning disabilities (LD) and attention deficitdisorders (ADHD). Changes in the optimistic approach towards life of adolescents with LD and ADHD who took part in an intervention program were compared pre-and post-program and to ordinary high school graduates who did not participate in the program. The findingsindicate a significantimprovement in the level of optimism pre- and post- intervention program. In addition, higher levels of optimistic approach towards life in the general index and relating to graduates’ level of optimism in situations of uncertainties were reported among graduates with LD and ADHD, compared with regular high school graduates. No differences were found in other aspects of the questionnaires. Results call for further research on additional protective variables, and on the effectiveness of the intervention program in both special education and regular high schools.

13

Positive Orientation and the Five-Factor Model

75%

Miciuk Ł. R., Jankowski T., Laskowska A., Oleś P.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2016

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vol. 47

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issue 1

141-148

EN

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between positive orientation (PO) defined as a basic predisposition to perceive and evaluate positive aspects of life, the future and oneself and the Five-Factor Model of personality (FFM). Hypotheses postulated positive correlations between PO and extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness; a negative correlation was predicted between PO and neuroticism. Two hundred Polish students completed the following measures: SES (Self-Esteem Scale, Rosenberg), SWLS (The Satisfaction with Life Scale; Diener, Emmons, Larson & Griffin), LOT-R (The Life Orientation Test - Revised; Scheier, Carver & Bridges) and NEOFFI (NEO Five Factor Inventory, Costa & McCrae). The results confirmed correlations between PO and extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism; correlations with openness and agreeableness were not supported. According to canonical correlations, PO shows a clear affinity to the FFM.

14

OPTIMISM, QUALITY OF LIFE AND POSITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY

75%

Szondy M.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2011

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vol. 66

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issue 1

203-223

EN

uring the last decades compared to the negative cognitions the positive cognitions get much less attention in academic research and in the field of cognitive-behavioral therapy. With the birth of applied positive psychology the positive emotions and strengths could get a more and more important role during the process of the therapy. It may be hypothesized that the positive effect of the optimism-increasing interventions, the quality of life therapy, well-being therapy and positive psychotherapy is due to the enhancement of the constructive mode functioning (Clark, Beck, 2010).

15

The Effect of Socioeconomic Classes on the Subjective Perception of Economic Situation

75%

Tahal R., Chytková Z., Novinský M.

Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia

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2016

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vol. 9

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issue 33

102-112

EN

The paper deals with the influence of a consumer´s inclusion in a socioeconomic class on the rate of optimism or pessimism in anticipating the future, with regard to the consumer behaviour, the attitudes towards finances, savings, working efforts and lifestyle. The data are based on a large-scale research carried out with a representative sample of the Czech population in the latter half of 2014. The regression statistical analysis was used for calculating and explaining the variables. The outcomes show that people are more optimistic in foreseeing their own future than the future of the Czech Republic. As for the consumer behaviour and financial attitudes, the differences between the classes are not prominent. There are, however, differences in such issues as the fear of poverty or finding suitable jobs.

16

Poczucie optymizmu studentów pracy socjalnej

75%

Sarzyńska-Mazurek E.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia

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2018

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vol. 31

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issue 3

EN

Social work is about supporting people experiencing life’s hardships. The profession of a social worker belongs to the category of human services, in which a close relationship with another person is the essence of professional activity, as a consequence of which an employee may be exposed to confrontation with unpleasant emotions or other people’s sufferings. Students preparing to perform this profession should be equipped with skills such as an optimistic approach to life, because such an attitude definitely helps in dealing with difficulties and failures. The research shows that a significant percentage of social work students have a relatively low sense of optimism in all analyzed dimensions. The tendency to pessimistic perception of experienced events may result in low effectiveness of tasks implementation as well as negative consequences in the field of mental health.

PL

Praca socjalna polega na wspieraniu ludzi doświadczających trudności życiowych. Zawód pracownika socjalnego należy do kategorii profesji pomocowych, w których bliska relacja z drugim człowiekiem stanowi istotę zawodowej działalności, w konsekwencji czego pracownik może być narażony na konfrontowanie się z przykrymi emocjami czy cudzym cierpieniem. Studenci przygotowujący się do wykonywania tego zawodu powinni być wyposażeni w różne umiejętności, m.in. optymistyczne podejście do życia, gdyż takie nastawienie zdecydowanie ułatwia radzenie sobie z trudnościami i niepowodzeniami. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że znaczny odsetek studentów pracy socjalnej ma stosunkowo niskie poczucie optymizmu we wszystkich analizowanych wymiarach. Skłonność do pesymistycznego postrzegania doświadczanych zdarzeń może skutkować niską efektywnością realizacji zadań, jak również negatywnymi konsekwencjami w zakresie zdrowia psychicznego.

17

ROLA SAMOOCENY W KSZTAŁTOWANIU OPTYMIZMU OSÓB SŁABOWIDZĄCYCH

75%

Szabała B.

Forum Pedagogiczne

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2016

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issue 1

149-166

PL

Ukształtowanie się pojęcia własnego Ja ma poważne konsekwencje regulacyjne dla zachowania człowieka, dając m.in. przesłankę do oceniania posiadanych możliwości, ustalania dążeń życiowych i przyjmowania pozytywnej perspektywy przyszłych wydarzeń. Również optymizm wpływa na wiele sfer życiowych, m.in. funkcjonowanie społeczne czy zdrowie, zarówno psychiczne, jak i fizyczne. Znaczenie samooceny i optymizmu dla funkcjonowania człowieka oraz powiązań zachodzących pomiędzy tymi zmiennymi jest szczególnie istotne w sytuacji człowieka obciążonego niepełnosprawnością, np. wzrokową. Celem pracy jest określenie roli samooceny w kształtowaniu optymizmu osób słabowidzących i widzących. Badaniami objęto 40 osób słabowidzących i 40 osób widzących w wieku 20–30 lat. Stwierdzono, że samoocena ma znaczenie dla kształtowania się optymizmu badanych z niepełnosprawnością wzrokową i badanych pełnosprawnych. Ustalony charakter korelacji jest zbieżny z oczekiwanym, chociaż konfiguracja powiązań w obu grupach jest nieco odmienna. Wysunięte założenie hipotetyczne zostało potwierdzone.

EN

Developing a sense of one’s own self has a great impact on regulating human behavior, giving, among others, a foundation to set life goals, and taking a positive perspective on future life events. Optimism also influences many life spheres, such as social functioning, mental and physical health. Self-esteem and optimism in how individuals function, and the correlations between these variables are especially important for individuals with disability. The following research was to diagnose the role of self-esteem in shaping optimism in individuals with low vision. Research was conducted with respondents aged 20-30 – there were 40 respondents with low vision and 40 able-bodied respondents. Research findings that self-esteem is important in developing optimism in individuals with low vision and able-bodied respondents. The nature of correlation obtained in the research was convergent with the expected, though the configuration of correlations in both groups is slightly different. The hypothesis was corroborated.

18

The influence of psychological capital on the growth intentions of entrepreneurs: A study on Malaysian SME entrepreneurs

75%

Hanafiah M. H., Yousaf S. U., Usman B.

Business and Economic Horizons

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2017

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vol. Volume 13

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issue Issue 5

556-569

EN

Growth of entrepreneurial ventures plays important role in a country’s economic development and entrepreneurs’ growth intention is considered as an important predictor of their venture growth. On the other hand, Psychological capital (PsyCap) is one such resource which can influence attitudes and behaviours like growth intentions of entrepreneurs. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and growth intentions of entrepreneurs specifically in Malaysian context. The data was collected from 275 Malaysian SME entrepreneurs and Regression analysis reveals that PsyCap, as a core construct, positively and significantly influences the growth intentions of entrepreneurs. Further, it is also identified that two out of four dimensions of PsyCap (hope and self-efficacy) have significant and positive influence on entrepreneurs’ growth intentions. It is also revealed that PsyCap, as a core construct, more powerfully predicts the growth intentions as compared to its first order constructs separately. This finding highlights the significance of PsyCap as a core construct in entrepreneurial researches. It contributes knowledge to psychological capital and entrepreneurship literature and also has implications for existing and prospective entrepreneurs as well as government and private bodies.

19

CEO emotional bias and dividend policy: Bayesian network method

75%

Mohamed Ali A., Anis J.

Business and Economic Horizons

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2012

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vol. 7

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issue 1

1-18

EN

This paper assumes that managers, investors, or both behave irrationally. In addition, even though scholars have investigated behavioral irrationality from three angles, investor sentiment, investor biases and managerial biases, we focus on the relationship between one of the managerial biases, overconfidence and dividend policy. Previous research investigating the relationship between overconfidence and financial decisions has studied investment, financing decisions and firm values. However, there are only a few exceptions to examine how a managerial emotional bias (optimism, loss aversion and overconfidence) affects dividend policies. This stream of research contends whether to distribute dividends or not depends on how managers perceive of the company’s future. I will use Bayesian network method to examine this relation. Emotional bias has been measured by means of a questionnaire comprising several items. As for the selected sample, it has been composed of some100 Tunisian executives. Our results have revealed that leader affected by behavioral biases (optimism, loss aversion, and overconfidence) adjusts its dividend policy choices based on their ability to assess alternatives (optimism and overconfidence) and risk perception (loss aversion) to create of shareholder value and ensure its place at the head of the management team.

20

False Optimism? Leibniz, Evil, and the Best of All Possible Worlds

75%

Strickland L.

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2010

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vol. 15

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issue 1

17-35

EN

Leibniz’s claim that this is the best of all possible worlds has been subject to numerous criticisms, both from his contemporaries and ours. In this paper I investigate a cluster of such criticisms based on the existence, abundance or character of worldly evil. As several Leibniz-inspired versions of optimism have been advanced in recent years, the aim of my investigation is to assess not just how Leibniz’s brand of optimism fares against these criticisms, but also whether optimism as a philosophy has the resources to meet these challenges. I show that none of the criticisms considered has sufficient force to pose a threat to Leibniz’s version of optimism or to one modelled on it.

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Najlepszy czy najgorszy z możliwych światów? Studium porównawcze systemów ﬁlozoﬁcznych G.W. Leibniza i A. Schopenhauera

On Martin-Löf’s Constructive Optimism

ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND CREATIVITY

SELF-ESTEEM MEDIATES RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SELF-CONCEPT CLARITY AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE FUTURE

Optymizm i motywacja osiągnięć u osób uzdolnionych literacko

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECTS OF LEVELS OF LONELINESS AND OPTIMISM AMONG STUDENTS AT THE FACULTY OF SPORTS SCIENCES

Correlation Between Psychological Well-Being and Indicators of Optimism

Potęga wyobraźni. Między pesymizmem Baudrillarda a optymizmem Beltinga

THE MEASUREMENT OF OPTIMISM: THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE HUNGARIAN VERSION OF THE REVISED LIFE ORIENTATION TEST (LOT–R)

Personal quality of life factors among imprisoned repeat offenders

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIVIDUALISTIC VALUES AND OPTIMISM: A STUDY OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN BULGARIA

Optimistic Approach Towards Life as a Protective Factor for Adolescents with LD and ADHD

Positive Orientation and the Five-Factor Model

OPTIMISM, QUALITY OF LIFE AND POSITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY

The Effect of Socioeconomic Classes on the Subjective Perception of Economic Situation

Poczucie optymizmu studentów pracy socjalnej

ROLA SAMOOCENY W KSZTAŁTOWANIU OPTYMIZMU OSÓB SŁABOWIDZĄCYCH

The influence of psychological capital on the growth intentions of entrepreneurs: A study on Malaysian SME entrepreneurs

CEO emotional bias and dividend policy: Bayesian network method

False Optimism? Leibniz, Evil, and the Best of All Possible Worlds