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EN
The subject of this article is the issue of organisational modelling using the example of the Police Training Centre. It attempts to show the theoretical basis, experience and innovative solutions in the field of organisational modelling that were implemented in the Police Training Centre.The organisational unit was established on 27 August 1990 under Ordinance No 85 of the Minister of Internal Affairs, and its role is to prepare specialist personnel to perform duties related to the security of citizens and the maintenance of public order and safety. Currently, the Police Training Centre operates on the basis of a statute, and the overriding task of the Police Training Centre is the professional training of police officers and employees of the Police.The main activity in the area of modelling the organisation of the Police Training Centre was actions, associated with changes in the establishment, in relation to the allocation of posts in the different organisational units. This contributed to the standardisation of structures of all units such that there was equivalence in the number and grade of posts.An extension of the design of the systematic solution was an innovative project to develop a task matrix as the basis for the preparation of job description cards. Actions related to the implementation of the concept formed the basis for work on the revision of the rules and regulations of the Police Training Centre. The project facilitated the current assignment of tasks to individual organisational units. The new rules and regulations that entered into force delegated the development of standardised job description cards based on the approved task matrix.This article is an attempt to demonstrate that Police organisational units should undergo a continuous process of improvement in order to better meet their responsibilities.
EN
In building its own state in Prussia, the Teutonic Order used a model of management based on the legal system of a patrimonial monarchy. During the conquest of Prussian land this structure gave the Teutonic Order the upper hand and helped them build cohesion and a strong state. The feudal order, which had a decisive influence on social, economic, political, and religious relations during the middle ages, in large measure accounted for how the structure of the government in the patrimonial monarchy was shaped. The structure of the state’s patrimonial monarchy and the Teutonic Order in Prussia displayed striking similarities, in both the building of organisation and the holding of office by particular individuals. While not identical, the two structures were similar. The same reasons which brought about changes in the structure of the patrimonial government state – the emancipation of some groups of people (orders), were at the same time a cause of the disintegration of the social-political-economic structure of the State of the Teutonic Order, and in effect the fall of the Order and secularisation of the country.
EN
In this paper there is a description of organisation structure of a company and its information system presented. in the organisation structure there were three drafts of logistic management of a company districted. On the organisational level of a company there is the logistics in a company planned and this is simultaneously the starting point for the logistics understood as a tool of the management of a suplly chain which aim is to coordinate the functions of each element within the framework of three functions of the management: operational, financial and marketing. there were also the need of changes presented which should be implemented by firms in the field of their functioning. Neglecting such factors as innovations in management leads to the situation when firms are not interesting partners for cooperation both for customers and suppliers.
EN
The aim of the article is to try to show the place of the controlling unit or department in the organisational structure of the Polish public economic universities. The analysis of organisational structures of such universities was supposed to answer the following research questions: whether there is a controlling department, and if so, where in the organisational structures it is located and what tasks are entrusted to this unit or department. When trying to answer the questions, there was employed the study of literature in the field of controlling, and there was conducted a study comparing the location of existing controlling unit or departments in economic universities in Poland. The article shows that despite different allocations of the controlling unit or departments in the structures of the discussed universities, the tasks dedicated them are the same, and differ only in the manner and place of submission of all types of reports.
EN
Eleven years after the last financial crisis, many banks are still working out their organisational backlogs and severe financial losses. Apart from the expansionary monetary policy and faulty financial inno- vations, the lack of proper supervision of the financial sector is considered one of the main sources of the global economic crisis. The expectations of shareholders led banks to take more courageous risks, more leverage and more speculation. Ownership supervision failed as a result, as virtually no bank was prepared for the imminent catastrophe. To prevent a similar scenario in the future, reforms in the financial sector were considered necessary, and above all the strengthening of corporate governance was considered necessary. Although the co-operative banks operating in Poland are small entities with a local character, they have also to some extent been affected by the global crisis. This has been delayed, and on a somewhat smaller scale, but has worsened the performance of many banks. Given numerous proposals for additional corporate governance regulations, in addition to the existing national laws and codes of good practice, regulations were implemented at the European level, and the national supervisor, the Polish Financial Supervision Authority, introduced additional guidelines - corporate governance rules.
EN
Background: With the aim of encouraging mobility between higher education institutions in the Western Balkan countries and those in the European Union (EU), the European Commission initiated a series of measures to increase the share of students primarily from the Western Balkans who spend at least one semester away from their home institutions, but also the share of young people from EU member states who come to Western Balkan (WB) countries. Objectives: Aim of the paper is to determine the degree of representation of internationalisation strategy and policy elements in the internal documents of higher education institutions and its direct impact on the development of mobility. Methods/Approach: An electronic survey has been created and sent to representatives of 9 EU and 11 WB universities. Respondents were mainly international relations officers or management representatives. Mann-Whitney test was applied in order to test differences between EU and WB universities. Results: The conducted Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests show that the degree of representation of internationalisation strategy and policy elements in the internal documents of a higher education institution has a direct impact on the development of mobility. Conclusions: By 2020, the European Commission aims to have 20% of all students acquiring an academic degree within the European Higher Education Area participate in mobility. This paper sheds light on this segment and indicates possible directions for actions aimed at developing mobility at institutions in Western Balkan countries
EN
This study analyses the form of the two most important divisions of the Prague Gestapo; the executive and counterintelligence divisions. These were able to be reconstructed through the discovery of previously unpublished original documents. These are used to look at organisational developments and changes, which were extremely frequent due to the Prague Gestapo’s six years of operation. The reorganisation of the Prague office was an outcome of endeavours to adapt its form of internal structure to that of the RSHA, and an outcome of endeavours to combat local resistance as effectively as possible while saving as much manpower as possible.
EN
“The map is not the territory” is a famous dictum by Alfred Korzybski that accurately describes the difficult relations between organisational structure and space. With the evolution of the contemporary approaches to organisational design, both these issues have faced a deep paradigmatic shift. The concept of organisational structure has advanced through functional, divisional, matrix, lean, networked, virtual and fractal approaches, reflecting the reorganisation of entrepreneurial processes and sources of competitive advantage. Concurrently with that, the principles of organisational space arrangement evolved from Taylorist offices, through Bürolandschaft, Action Office, cube farms, to networking, virtual and casual working places, reflecting the changing corporate cultures and the essence of modern work. While agility of organisational design, accompanied by elasticity of working environment might seem very appealing in a modern economy, it often lacks the elements of identity building and sensemaking that are crucial for contemporary knowledge workers.
PL
„Mapa nie jest terytorium” – ten sławny cytat autorstwa Alfreda Korzybskiego doskonale oddaje trudne relacje pomiędzy strukturą i przestrzenią organizacyjną. Wraz z ewolucją podejść do projektowania organizacji oba te wymiary przeszły głębokie zmiany paradygmatyczne. Organizacyjne struktury ewoluowały od podejścia funkcjonalnego, dywizjonalnego, przez macierzowe, szczupłe, sieciowe, aż po wirtualne i fraktalne, odzwierciedlając reorganizację procesów biznesowych i źródeł przewagi konkurencyjnej. Równolegle zasady projektowania przestrzeni pracy ewoluowały od taylorowskich biur, przez Bürolandschaft, Action Office i farmy kubików, aż po biura sieciowe, wirtualne i swobodne, odzwierciedlając zmiany w kulturze organizacyjnej i istocie pracy. Jakkolwiek przekonująca, w warunkach współczesnej gospodarki, jest elastyczność struktur organizacyjnych, połączona z łatwym do adaptacji środowiskiem pracy, to nie można zapominać, że często brakuje jej wymiarów odpowiedzialnych za budowanie tożsamości i nadawanie sensu, które są tak istotne dla współczesnych pracowników wiedzy.
PL
We współczesnych przedsiębiorstwach można spotkać wiele różnych rozwiązań organizacyjnych. Ta różnorodność wynika ze złożoności samej organizacji, cyklu jej życia, jak i procesów zachodzących w coraz bardziej skomplikowanym i turbulentnym otoczeniu. Postępująca globalizacja, wzmożona konkurencja, rozwój technologii, kryzysy gospodarcze oraz ogólna dynamika przedsiębiorstwa wymuszają na kadrze kierowniczej dokonywanie zmian w strukturze organizacyjnej przedsiębiorstwa, zapewniających firmie większą elastyczność i efektywność funkcjonowania. Zmiany te odnoszą się do określonych wymiarów (cech, parametrów, własności) struktury organizacyjnej. Natomiast kierunek tych zmian, ich głębokość i zasięg zależą od splotu uwarunkowań zarówno o wewnętrznym, jak i zewnętrznym charakterze. Temat problemu struktur organizacyjnych w kontekście ich podobieństwa był już wcześniej poruszany przy okazji omawiania identyfikacji i diagnozy struktur organizacyjnych. Teraz zostaje on przedstawiony i pogłębiony w sposób bardziej systematyczny. Zastosowanie mają tu metody oceny podobieństwa, które można podzielić na dwie grupy. Pierwsza z nich to metody wynikające z konieczności posługiwania się materiałami o charakterze bezpośrednio niemierzalnym.
EN
Organisational structure is an essential element from the point of view of possibilities and limitations in strategy implementation. Its modifications are often a tedious and expensive process, not always resulting in desired effects. The problem of merger and acquisition is usually addressed from the economic aspect of these undertakings. Some amalgamations, however, are unsuccessful due to incompatibility of organisational structures of merged enterprises. The author attempts to propose a quantitative approach to the problem, treating the organisational structure as a function of its dimensions. Presenting the particular dimensions of organisation, the author draws the conclusion of possibility to sum up the results. The measurement developed in this manner can provide a tool helpful in integration related decision making regarding the merged units. The objective of the article is presentation of elements of diagnosis of organisational structure similarities within the framework of the Due Diligence analysis.
EN
The paper outlines the origins, organisational structure and doctrine of the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Firstly, the author presents the problems with defining a sect, then illustrates the structure of the organisation together with its main representatives and the views held by them.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono genezę, strukturę organizacyjną i doktrynę Świadków Jehowy. Najpierw autor przedstawia problemy związane z definiowaniem sekty, następnie ilustruje strukturę organizacji wraz z jej głównymi przedstawicielami i wyznawanymi przez nich poglądami.
PL
Nowa ekonomia instytucjonalna stanowi teorię, której odwołanie znaleźć można w tematyce uprzemysłowienia Galicji w dobie autonomii. Uważa się, że Galicja była obszarem ubogim i zaniedbanym, pozbawionym struktur organizacyjnych. Zaborca pozostawił ten region, nie wykazując chęci wykorzystania potencjału ludzi oraz organizacji, które się na nim znajdowały. Jednakże analizując ten region od strony ekonomicznej oraz znaczenia instytucji, można zauważyć, jak wielką rolę odgrywały one w kształtowaniu przemysłu na tych ziemiach. W związku z obecnością instytucji, które krzewiły rzemiosło, handel oraz drobny przemysł, można przyjąć, że działające organizacje stanowiły bodziec do rozwoju tego regionu. Przedmiotem artykułu jest zarys działalności stowarzyszeń przemysłowych o zasięgu krajowym.
EN
New Institutional Economics is a theory that was cited in the revocation of Galician industrialisation in the era of autonomy. Galicia was a poor area neglected and deprived of organisational structures. The occupying power left the region without the prospect of using the potential of either the people or organizations. However, analysing the region in economic terms, particularly from the point of view of institutions, we see what an important role they played in shaping Galicia’s industry. The formal institutions created craft, trade and small-scale industry that caused the region to develop. The article outlines the activity of nationwide industrial associations.
EN
The article analyses the changes in the sector of farms operated by legal persons between 1990 and 1996, i.e. in a period that marked the most fundamental systemic changes. The adoption and implementation of the idea of accelerating the transformation of ownership relationships in agriculture, aimed at reducing public as well as collective private ownership and instead extending and enhancing private ownership by natural persons, resulted in liquidating the production sector of State agricultural enterprises and weakening agricultural cooperatives. At the same time, the process removed the territorial barriers to the development of farms run by natural persons, which made it possible to establish farms operated by private legal persons in legal and organisational forms other than cooperatives. As a result, a very dynamic transformation process began, not only in the ownership structure of farms, but also in organisational, legal, territorial and economic structure. The paper presents changes in the entire sector of farms operated by legal persons, considering the different legal and organisational forms as well as area, and the changes in the share of those farms in the use of agricultural land, labour resources, capital resources, and in agricultural production. The paper also presents changes in the efficiency of agricultural production in farms of that sector against farms operated by natural persons.
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