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Pomístní jména odvozená od osobních jmen v kontextu onomastickém a dialektologickém - na materiálu Slovníku pomístních jmen na Moravě a ve Slezsku:

100%
Kloferová S.
Národopisný věstník
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2010
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vol. 51
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issue 1
106-139
EN
The paper deals with anoikonyms derived from personal names by a suffix (the structure types Bartoš + -ka, Bartoš + -ovka, Bartoš + -ovec, Bartoš + -ovice etc.). The first part of the paper presents their onomastic characteristics: it pays attention to their word-forming structure, motivation, frequency, eventually productivity of certain structure types; also information on their geographic distribution is added. Selectively also those anoikonyms are presented which are hard to explain. The second part compares the onymic maps (maps of some structure types) with dialect maps (especially the maps of the so called bundles of isoglosses contained in the Czech Linguistic Atlas). Mutual interconnections of the onymic and dialect areas are explored.
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Funkčné členy a pomenovacie modely živých osobných mien slobodných osôb v Súši

100%
Kazík M.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
106-122
EN
The aim of the paper is a characteristics of the individual functional elements of the living personal names in the class of unmarried persons in Súš, a part of the town of Stará Turá and of analysis of living names according to the naming models. The high frequency of functional elements a first name, surname and family, 96.1% of which are family names with an anthropobase surname, reveals that the living name system in the class of unmarried persons is significantly dependent on the official naming system. However, they do not prevail over names that are identical to official names. The most frequent model is composed of functional elements of a hypocoristic form of first name and an official surname whose anthropobase is identical to an anthropobase of the family name and the name of the house. The second most common model consists of the hypocoristic form of a first name and a family name with an anthropobase of the surname.
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Živé osobné mená z východného Slovenska vo viacslovných spojeniach

84%
Chomová A.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
69-89
EN
The paper focuses on the unoficial personal names in the village of Bracovce (eastern Slovakia) and their functioning as a component of a multi-word phrase (idiom). It proves to be productive in everyday spoken communication. The role of the live name is not only to identify the person it refers to, but it is also an important psychological and sociolological factor. Analysed fixed expressions can be concisely characterized as phraseological or idiomatical units. These units are semantically more or less close by figurativeness of the official forms of idioms (known in Slovak phraseology). Specific aspect of these units is the unofficial anthroponym as its component. This aspect refers to the relation between onymic and phraseological motivation. The motivation of using the personal names in these unofficial forms of idioms is the attribute expressing mental, physical or working qualities of the person it refers to, it can also refer to a specific situation. The aim of the paper was to capture and record the behaviour of unofficial anthroponyms in microsocial background.
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Využití údajů ze "Slovníku staročeských osobních jmen" Jana Svobody při výkladu místních jmen z území Čech

84%
Olivová-Nezbedová L.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
167-172
EN
In the individual entries of his typewritten "Dictionary of Old Czech personal names", J. Svoboda registers also place names, from which the individual personal names are formed. He reconstructs a considerable number of Old Czech personal names from place names. Place names are gained from A. Profous’s work "Place names in Bohemia" and some other works. He often provides an interpretation different from Profous’s opinion or Šmilauer’s interpretation included in the "System of Czech place names", worked out on the basis of the Profous’s work. Svoboda’s dictionary adduces also some place names and some place name records not at all included in the Profous’s work. It will be therefore necessary to present the different interpretations and add the missing place names and place name records in a future new edition of Profous’s "Place names in Bohemia", the need of which was pointed out by V. Šmilauer as early as in 1975.
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Využitie antroponým v etnických vtipoch

84%
Záborská A.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
258-272
EN
The aim of the paper is to describe the functions of anthroponyms with an ethnic attribute in ethnic jokes. Based on the excerption of such anthroponyms from 404 Slovak and 507 American ethnic jokes and a subsequent analysis, we assign three specific functions to these proper names - formal, ethno-referential, and compositional function. The presence of an ethnic specific anthroponym turns a joke into an ethnic joke in the broadest sense and regardless of its topic. Moreover, these anthroponyms refer the recipient to a specific ethnic group with its typical as well as stereotypical features and characteristics. Finally, these expressions may take an active part in the creation of the punchline via a play on words.
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Говіркова адаптація власних особових імен у західнополіському і середньополіському діалектах

84%
Нестерчук О.
Acta onomastica
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2023
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vol. 64
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issue 1
104-111
EN
The modern Ukrainian collection of proper names was compiled from different names for a thousand years: it includes pagan and Norse onyms, borrowings from West European and Turkic languages, man-made innovations, but, after all, the basis is Christian names which are Hebrew, ancient Greek and Latin by their origin and they underwent a long process of integration and adaptation to the Ukrainian phonоlogy. However, the adaptation of these anthroponyms has not been finished yet as they are found to be in the environment of sub-dialects. The article studies proper personal names and their variants recorded on the interfluvial territory of the Styr and the Horyn, where there is a boundary line between West Polissia and Middle Polissia subdialects of the northern Ukrainian dialect. Since this boundary is indistinct with many transitions, there are features of both subdialect among the proper names. The material of research was recorded in 178 inhabited localities of Volyn and Rivne Regions. The examples of common nouns are given to confirm the influence of dialect speech features and it indicates the relationship between these two linguistic disciplines such as onomastics and dialectology.
CS
Moderní ukrajinská vlastní jména se v průběhu tisíciletí utvářela z různých jmen: mají pohanský a staroseverský původ, jedná se o výpůjčky ze západoevropských a turkických jazyků i o umělé novotvary. Základem jsou křesťanská jména, která mají hebrejský, řecký a latinský původ. Všichna tato jména prošla dlouhou cestou adaptace na ukrajinské hláskosloví. Tím ale úprava těchto antroponym neskončila, protože byla obklopena místními dialekty. Článek analyzuje osobní jména a jejich varianty z území mezi řekami Štýr a Horyn, kudy prochází hranice mezi nářečím západního Polesí a středního Polesí, která spadají pod severní dialekt ukrajinského jazyka. Vzhledem k tomu, že tato hranice je neostrá a s mnoha přechody, jsou mezi jmény rysy jednoho i druhého dialektu. Materiál byl zaznamenán ve 178 osadách Volyňska a Rovenska. Pro potvrzení vlivu nářečních rysů jsou uvedeny příklady apelativ, což naznačuje blízkost těchto dvou lingvistických disciplín – onomastiky a dialektologie.
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Úzus a norma v redigovaných vs. neredigovaných textech: na příkladu skloňování japonských jmen zakončených na -u

67%
Ceháková M.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2021
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vol. 104
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issue 2
67-79
EN
The inflection of Japanese names such as Masaharu or Čikamacu might prove difficult for some Czech speakers. Grammars of Czech state that Japanese masculine personal names ending with -u should belong to the “pán” declension paradigm and that the final -u should be preserved in all cases. Using the data from the corpus SYN v7 and a corpus of websites focusing on Japanese comics and cartoons, the presented paper draws a comparison between the usage represented by published written texts, and by texts unaffected by editorial adjustments and produced by speakers who are active users of the names in question. The data from SYN v7 shows a strong preference for preserving the final -u (in accordance with the codification), while the data from websites displays the opposite tendency.
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Place-names and personal names in Medieval Maghreb : some observations on Arabic and Berber in contact

67%
Méouak M.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
142-154
EN
This brief paper aims to study some of the aspects of onomastics and toponymy in medieval Maghreb using sources written in Arabic and Berber (10th-19th centuries). Three specific linguistic elements stand out: hybrid toponymic formations (Arabic and Berber), “cross-bred” anthroponyms and the contact between Islamic and Christian religious topography. Among other points, we must insist on the importance of studying a larger number of written sources in order to be able to build a sufficient body of evidence and hence more accurately portray the linguistic landscape of medieval Maghreb. This could be focussed on the detailed examination of the names of places and people for instance, without forgetting the fundamental contributions of other research instruments such as history and geography.
CS
Cílem tohoto stručného příspěvku je analýza onomastických a toponomastických aspektů ve středověkém Maghrebu za využití arabských a berberských písemných pramenů z 10.-19. století. Velmi výrazné jsou tři jazykové prvky: hybridní arabsko-berberské toponymické formace, „zkřížená“ antroponyma a kontakt mezi islámskou a křesťanskou náboženskou topografií. Dále je zapotřebí trvat na důležitosti studia většího množství písemných pramenů, které je nezbytné pro vytvoření dostatečné základny důkazů, která umožní přesnější popis jazykové krajiny středověkého Maghrebu. Bylo by možné zaměřit se kupříkladu na detailní analýzu jmen míst a lidí, nezapomínaje přitom na zásadní přínos dalších oborů, jako je historie nebo geografie.
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A typology of contact phenomena in medieval personal names (A historical onomastic survey based on medieval documents from Hungary):

67%
Slíz M.
Acta onomastica
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2020
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vol. 61
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issue 2
361-374
EN
Medieval Hungary was a multicultural country: beside the Hungarian majority it also had Turkic, German, Slavic, Walloon, Italian, etc. inhabitants. Although the majority of medieval documents were written in Latin, there are a number of charters written in other languages, such as German. This cultural and linguistic diversity provides an opportunity to investigate contact phenomena among different languages based on personal name phrases. The paper outlines the methodological adaptability and the limits of using given names, bynames or family names and name phrases in the investigation of contact phenomena. It introduces language and discourse contact phenomena on the level of spelling and orthography and the morphology and syntax of name phrases, based upon examples from charters written in Latin and German.
CS
Maďarsko bylo ve středověku multikulturní zemí: vedle maďarské většiny zde žili také obyvatelé turkického, germánského, slovanského, valonského, italského aj. původu. Ačkoli většina středověkých dokumentů byla psána latinsky, dochovalo se i mnoho listin v dalších jazycích, např. v němčině. Tato kulturní a jazyková diverzita poskytuje příležitost prozkoumat projevy jazykového kontaktu mezi různými jazyky na základě osobních jmen dochovaných v tomto materiálu. Článek se zabývá metodologickými možnostmi a omezeným využitím rodných jmen, příjmí nebo příjmení a jmenných spojení ve výzkumu kontaktních jevů. Představuje (pro)jevy jazykového kontaktu v jazyce a diskurzu na úrovni ortografie, morfologie a syntaxe jmenných spojení a vychází při tom z příkladů zapsaných v listinách latinsky nebo německy.
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Antroponyma v názvech českých hraných filmů

67%
Volejník R.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
219-225
EN
This paper is more or less an overview about anthroponyms in the names of Czech films (shot between 1898 and 2010), which will be a part of the author´s forthcoming doctoral thesis on the names of Czech films. It is not meant to be a complete description, but an introductory-illustrative overview of the topic. The outcome of the paper is that anthroponyms constitute a rich part of the names of Czech films and deserve a more detailed research (as well as the problematics of Czech film names itself).
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Česká nářečí a pomístní jména, aneb, Jak rytíř (?) Močihuba získal a opět pozbyl své jméno

67%
Čižmárová L.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
52-75
EN
The article presents an interesting example of interferences of the dialect and onymic corpuses of the Czech language. The anoikonym Mlčí huba used in the village of Rácov near Jihlava has its official counterpart Mučí huba used in maps. These names are irregular, impossible to decline as the front element of the collocation is taken as verbal („mouth shuts up“, „mouth tortures“). A historic map shows the inscription made in 1835 by a German typist reading MocziHuba. It leads us to the appellative and later a nickname and a surname m/Močihuba „heavy drinker“, recorded since the 15th century, but no more used in Czech dialects. Loss of awareness of original motivation after the appellative disappeared has led to deformation of the original name and to creation of a new, false motivation. The proper name Močihuba also vanished, only a rare occurrence of its descendant Močub(a) in the Czech area has been recorded. Together with the variant Moczygemba in south Poland, it shows the rests of a former larger area of this name’s occurrence.
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Prizvis'ka jak charakteristiki movlenija ljudej u neoficijnij komunikaciji zachidnoho polissja

67%
Šul's'ka N., Matvijčuk N.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
227-234
EN
A high number of nicknames motivated by people’s speech features has been analysed in the article. Main motivational microgroups of the given nicknames that are commonly used in the Western Polissia dialects have been delimited. Motivational features forming such nicknames, like excessive talkativeness of a person, person’s speech defect, usage of parasitic words, pronunciation distortion of certain words, children’s incorrect pronunciation, or usage of dialect words, have been highlighted. The negative gradation level of nicknames among the other informal names that are commonly used in Western Polissia has been analysed.
CS
Příspěvek analyzuje vysoký počet přezdívek motivovaných způsobem řeči. Podává vymezení hlavních motivačních skupin daných přezdívek, běžně užívaných v nářečích Západního Polesí. Poukazuje na motivační rysy takových přezdívek, jako je např. přílišná hovornost, vada řeči, užívání parazitních slov, pokřivená výslovnost konkrétních slov, chybná dětská výslovnost nebo užívání nářečních slov. Analyzována je i rovina negativního odstupňování přezdívek mezi jinými neformálními jmény běžně užívanými v Západním Polesí.
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Vidapeljativni prizvišča žiteliv M. Novovolins'ka Volins'koji oblasti na -ehk-o, pochidni bid imennikovich osnob

67%
Chviščuk O., Hromik J., Javors'kij A.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
90-105
EN
Appellative derivatives ending in -enk-o, derived from nouns play an important role in the anthroponymicon of the Novovolynsk Volyn region. O. B. Tkachenko notes that originally the derivatives with the suffix -enk-o belonged to the folk forms of children names after the father, and the appellative constructions of formation are likely to have appeared in the second half of the 12th and in 13th century. According to M. L. Hudash, ancient appellative Slavic nicknames that changed into the surnames are not always possible to distinguish from the actual nicknames that are portrayed from ancient times as informal namings. Both constructions have been formed from the appellative vocabulary of a specific semantic category as groups of personal and non-personal names. The difference was only in different motives and methods of assigning nomination. The analysis of appellative surnames of the Novovolynsk citizens ending in -enk-o derived from nouns revealed the generating extensive structure of these words, indicating a natural and long-term process of their formation. These anthroponyms represent various semantic and thematic layers of the vocabulary, describe native speakers with a help of their physical or mental features, behaviour, and reflect the Ukrainian outlook and mentality. Summing up, the surnames with the suffix -enk-o are of great importance to the anthroponymicon of Novovolynsk, Volyn region. This situation is obviously caused not only by lingual but also extralingual factors, primarily active migration processes not only within the country but also in the region, resulting in forming the modern structure of this young town.
CS
Deapelativní odvozeniny zakončené na -enk-o utvořené od substantiv sehrávají důležitou roli v antroponymii Novovolyňska ve Volyňské oblasti. Jak uvádí O. B. Tkačenko, odvozeniny se sufixem -enk-o původně patřily k lidovým podobám pojmenování dětí po otci a deapelativní formace se pravděpodobně začaly objevovat ve 2. polovině 12. století a ve století 13. Podle M. L. Chudaše staré deapelativní slovanské přezdívky, z nichž se vyvinula příjmení, nelze vždy odlišit od skutečných přezdívek doložených od nejstarších dob jako neformální pojmenování. Obě konstrukce byly utvořeny od apelativ specifické sémantické kategorie jako skupiny osobních a neosobních jmen. Rozdíl byl pouze v různých motivech a metodách udělování jména. Analýza deapelativních příjmení obyvatel Novovolyňska zakončených na -enk-o utvořených od substantiv odhaluje složitou strukturu těchto slov, naznačující přirozený dlouhodobý proces jejich tvoření. Tato antroponyma zahrnují různé sémantické a tematické vrstvy slovní zásoby, popisují osoby prostřednictvím jejich fyzických i duševních vlastností a chování a odrážejí ukrajinskou mentalitu. Příjmení se sufixem -enk-o zaujímají v antroponymii Novovolyňska významné místo. Je to nepochybně způsobeno nejen jazykovými, ale i mimojazykovými faktory, především pak migračními procesy nejen v rámci země, ale i uvnitř oblasti, které vyúsťují v moderní strukturu tohoto mladého města.
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Odzwierciedlenie dychotomii "dobry - zły" w historycznym nazewnictwie osobowym (na przykładzie pogranicza polsko-wschodniosłowańskiego)

59%
Smakulska J.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
182-192
EN
In this article I analyse nicknames and surnames denoting moral and mental features and the features of character and temper evidenced in historical Polish documents on the Polish-East Slavonic borderland. This borderland is a specific area of research because the proces of settlement, which developed over several centuries, has been characterized by its ethnic and religious plurality resulting in a cultural plurality. Taking into consideration axiology enabled to perceive the axological aspect of surnames as means of conveying moral values of human beings. The negative surnames reflecting antivalues are more frequent and they include a variety of synonyms that reveal the system of values by contrast. The important conclusion seems to be that most of the given values turn out to remain the same for centuries and throughout cultural areas.
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Russkij Ivan i ego „braťja“ : pol'sk. Jan i fr. Jean (K voprosu o etnokul'turnoj specifike ličnogo imeni)

51%
Feoktistova, Ljubov´, Spiridonov D.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 56
76-92
EN
The article focuses on the Russian personal name Ivan in comparison with Polish Jan and French Jean. Based on an analysis of secondary appellative derivatives of these names in the Russian, Polish (including Kashubian) and French (including Occitan) dialects and colloquial languages, the authors reconstruct the ethno-cultural portraits of prototypical bearers of these names in corresponding languages. The analysis shows that the Russian Ivan, whose name often serves as a symbol of „russianess“, has very few specific features as compared to his French and Polish „brothers“. This conclusion leads to the question on ethnolinguistic mechanisms of derivation from personal names which, in the perspective of the contrastive study of deonyms, seem to be relatively universal.
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